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    THE BEHAVIORAL-EFFECTS OF MK-801 INJECTED INTO NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS AND CAUDATE-PUTAMEN OF RATS
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 1995) ALKHATIB, I; KARADAG, HC; ULUGOL, A
    In this study, we investigated the behavioral effects of MK-801 (1-20 mu g) injected into the posterior parts of nucleus accumbens (ACC) and caudate-putamen (CP) in rats. Interactions of diazepam (DZP, 10 mu g), haloperidol (HPD, 2 mu g), and scopolamine (SCOP, 10 mu g) with 20 mu g of MK-801 were also studied. All injections were done in 2 mu l. In ACC, MK-801 increased locomotion, rearing, and head shakes. The effect of MK-801 especially at 20 mu g was accompanied by a motor syndrome: head weaves, circling, body rolls, and ataxia. DZP nonsignificantly reduced the locomotion but it significantly (p < 0.05) reduced head shakes, weaves, circling, and body rolls produced by MK-801. HPD reduced grooming and head shakes. SCOP potentiated MK-801 hyperlocomotion, whereas it decreased body rolls, head shakes, and weaves. In CP, MK-801 increased locomotion, but less than in ACC (p < 0.05). The effect of MK-801 was significantly increased by SCOP. MK-801 also increased grooming (reduced by HPD and increased by SCOP) and at 5-20 mu g induced oral movements that were decreased by HPD. These results indicate that the posterior part of ACC is involved in MK-801 hyperlocomotion and motor syndromes, whereas CP is involved in mediating grooming and oral movements. Blockade of the muscarinic cholinergic receptors seems to facilitate hyperlocomotion and decrease head shakes produced by MK-801. Mechanisms influenced by DZP and HPD appear to be involved in motor syndrome and oral movement, respectively, induced by MK-801, but not in hyperlocomotion.
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    EFFECT OF NOMIFENSINE AND METHAMPHETAMINE ON BRAIN CATECHOLAMINES LEVELS AND OPEN-FIELD ACTIVITY OF RATS
    (Singapore Univ Press Univ Singapore, 1994) ALKHATIB, I; FUJIWARA, M; DOKMECI, I
    The effects of i.p. injection of nomifensine (NOM) and methamphetamine (MA), singly and concomitantly, on ambulation and rearing in open-field test, and levels of catecholamines in nucleus accumbens (ACC) and caudate-putamen (CP) of rats were investigated. NOM at 5 and 10 mg kg(-1) increased the activity, whereas at 20 mg kg(-1) decreased it and produced in place repetitive head movements. NOM did not change catecholamines except at 20 mg kg(-1) it reduced norepinephrine in CP. MA at I and 3 mg kg(-1) increased the activity and at 3 mg kg(-1) reduced norepinephrine but elevated dopamine in CP. Concomitant injection of 20 mg kg(-1) of NOM with 3 mg kg(-1) of MA antagonized MA-induced hyperactivity and the increased levels of dopamine, whereas the in place activity and decreased level of norepinephrine in CP were still evident. NOM-hyperactivity seems to involve no significant effect on the levels of catecholamines in ACC or CP but the in place activities produced by the high dose of NOM (20 mg kg(-1)) seems to involve a decrease of norepinephrine in CP. MA-hyperactivity (at 3 mg kg(-1)) involved a decrease in norepinephrine and an increase in the level of dopamine in CP. The antagonizm of MA-hyperactivity by a high dose of NOM involved also antagonizm of MA-induced increase of dopamine in CP.
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    THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF MOCLOBEMIDE AGAINST HYPOXIA-INDUCED LETHALITY IN MICE IS NOT DUE TO A DECREASE IN BODY-TEMPERATURE
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 1995) ULUGOL, A; KARADAG, HC; DOKMECI, D; ALKHATIB, I; DOKMECI, I
    The protective effect of moclobemide, a reversible and highly selective inhibitor of monoamine oxidase-A, against hypoxia-induced lethality was investigated in the present experiment. Moclobemide showed an apparent protective potency against hypoxia and significantly prolonged the latencies for convulsions and death in a dose-dependent manner. Hypothermia is known to protect animals from hypoxia. Moclobemide also decreased body temperature in mice; however, the hypothermic effect was unrelated to the antihypoxic effect. These results suggest that the protective effect of moclobemide in hypoxia is not due to a decrease in body temperature.