Bira posasının silolanması ve süt sığırı rasyonlarında kullanılma olanakları ile süt verimine ve süt kalitesine etkisi üzerine bir araştırma
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
1999
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
vm ÖZET Bu çalışmada, yaş bira posasının silolanması ile süt sığırlarda süt verimine ve süt kompozisyonu üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Birinci aşamada 7 gruptan oluşan yaş bira posasına karbonhidratça zengin silo katkı maddeleri ; buğday daneleri, melas ve kuru pancar posası ilave edilerek çalışmanın birinci aşamasında bira posasının silolanması için en uygun katkı maddesi belirlenmiştir. Silo gruplarının 35. ve 45. gündeki analiz sonuçlan: pH ve organik asit miktarları ile duyu organlarıyla tespit edilen: renk, koku, ve strüktür gibi faktörler dikkate alınarak silo gruplarının puanlarının toplamına göre kaliteleri belirlenmiştir. Laboratuvar şartlarında ve daha çok muamelelerden oluşan ikinci denemede yaş bira posasının silolanmasında katkı maddesi olarak buğday danelerinin kullanılması uygun görülmüştür. İkinci aşamada 12 gruptan oluşmaktadır. 6 adet kontrol ve 6 adet % 15 buğday daneli katkı maddeli grubun silolamanın 35. ve 45. gününde elde edilen bulguları şöyle özetlenebilir ; KM, HY ve pH değerlerinin ortalamaları arasındaki farklar, dönem ve muamelelere ilişkin varyans analizinde istatistiki açıdan önemli bulunmuştur (p< 0.01). HP değerlerinin ortalamaları arasındaki farklar, muamelelere ilişkin varyans analizinde istatistiki açıdan önemli bulunmuştur (p< 0.01). HS değerlerinin ortalamaları arasındaki farklar, muameleler (p <0.01) dönem x muamele interaksyonuna (p <0.05) ilişkin varyans analizinde istatistiki açıdan önemli bulunmuştur. HK değerlerinin ortalamaları arasındaki farklar, dönem x muamele interaksiyonuna ilişkin varyans analizinde istatistiki açıdan önemli bulunmuştur (p< 0.05). Organik asit değerlerinin ortalamaları arasındaki farklar, muamelelere ilişkin varyans analizinde laktik asit (p< 0.05), asetik asit (p< 0.01) ve bütrik asit (p <0.05) istatistiki açıdan önemli bulunmuştur. 35. ve 45. günkü açımı takiben 10. günlük süreç içerisinde silaj gruplarının aerobik bozulmaya karşı direncin saptanmasına yönelik sıcaklık ölçümlerinde, açım sonrası 6. ve 7. günde kitle sıcaklığının en üst düzeye ulaştığı gözlenmiştir. 9. ve 10. günlerde ise en alt düzeyde sabit bir şekil devam etmiştir.DC Üçüncü aşamada çiftçi bazında yaş bira posasına katkı maddesi olarak % 15 oranında buğday daneleri ilave edilerek bira posası silajı yapılmıştır. Denemede 1994 yılında doğmuş sekiz adet ithal Holştayn sığırı kullanılmıştır. Silolamanın 35. gününde bira posası silajı açılarak sığırlara azar-azar verilerek silo yemine alıştırılmıştır. Bu 10 günlük ön deneme döneminde rasyonların oluşturulması için gereken süt verim kontrolleri yapıldıktan sonra 4 haftalık denemeye başlanmıştır. Kontrol grubunu oluşturan 4 adet Holştaynlara mısır silajlı rasyon, deneme grubunu oluşturan 4 adet Holştaynlara ise bira posası silajlı rasyon verilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulguları şöyle özetleyebiliriz. Muameleler arası süt verimi ve % 4 yağa göre düzeltilmiş süt veriminin farkı istatistiki açıdan önemli (p <0.01),sütte yağ ve protein oranının farkı istatistiki açıdan önemsiz bulunmuştur (p > 0.05). Bira posası silajlı rasyonu tüketen gruptan daha az süt alındığından ve rasyonun maliyetide yüksek olduğundan % 4 yağa göre düzeltilmiş 1 İt sütün maliyeti, mısır silajı tüketen grubun % 4 yağa göre düzeltilmiş 1 İt sütün maliyetinden daha yüksek olduğu hesaplanmıştır.
X SUMMARY In this study, the storage of wet brewers' grains and its effect on milk yield and quality in dairy cattle were investigated. In the first step, the wet brewers' grains was supplemented with rich carbonhydrate additives, wheat grains, sugarbeet molasses and dry sugar pulps, and, then, the best application among 7 different mixture group was determined in terms of finding out the best adding for storage of fresh beer residue. After 35th and 45th day of storage time, quality of each group was determined by using several measurements such as pH, the amount of organic acids, colour, smell, structure. After laboratory experiments and more treatments, it was found that the best additive was wheat grains. In the second step, there were 12 groups (6 controls and 6 groups with % 15 wheat grain additive). After 35 and 45 days, the results are as follows; Differences between overall mean of storage periods, and also between treatments were significant for DM, EE and pH (p < 0.01). Differences between treatments was significant for CP (p < 0.01). There were significant differences between the crude fibre value of the groups (p<0.01) and period x treatment interaction was also significant (p<0.05) with respect of this parameter. It was found that that treatments and period x treatment interaction were significant for ASH (p < 0.05). The effect of treatments on content of lactic acid, acetic acid and butric acid was significant (p < 0.05, 0.01 and 0.05 respectively). After opening silage (35th and 45th day) following 10 days period, temperarures of the silage in terms of resistance to the rotting were measured. ît was found that at 6th and 7th days the temperature reach up to a peak level and at 9th and 10th days, then decreased to the normal and steady level. In the third step, the wet brewers' grains silage was made by adding % 15 wheat grains in farm condition. In the experiment, 8 Holstein cows born in 1994 were used. At the end of the 35th day of silage, it was opened.The cows were feed with small amounts of silage for adaptation. During this 10 days initial period, milk yield of cows was determined for ration preparation and then 4 week experiment was carried out.XI Control group containing 4 cows was feed with ration containing corn silage whereas experiment group was feed with beer residue silage. The results can be summarised that differences between treatment significant for milk yield and % 4 fat corrected milk yield (pO.Ol).However treatments did not have any significant effects on milk fat and protein content (p > 0.05). As a result of the lower milk yield in the group feed with corn silage and high ration cost, after % 4 fat correction milk for both groups cost 1 litre milk in the group feed with corn was higher than in the other group.
X SUMMARY In this study, the storage of wet brewers' grains and its effect on milk yield and quality in dairy cattle were investigated. In the first step, the wet brewers' grains was supplemented with rich carbonhydrate additives, wheat grains, sugarbeet molasses and dry sugar pulps, and, then, the best application among 7 different mixture group was determined in terms of finding out the best adding for storage of fresh beer residue. After 35th and 45th day of storage time, quality of each group was determined by using several measurements such as pH, the amount of organic acids, colour, smell, structure. After laboratory experiments and more treatments, it was found that the best additive was wheat grains. In the second step, there were 12 groups (6 controls and 6 groups with % 15 wheat grain additive). After 35 and 45 days, the results are as follows; Differences between overall mean of storage periods, and also between treatments were significant for DM, EE and pH (p < 0.01). Differences between treatments was significant for CP (p < 0.01). There were significant differences between the crude fibre value of the groups (p<0.01) and period x treatment interaction was also significant (p<0.05) with respect of this parameter. It was found that that treatments and period x treatment interaction were significant for ASH (p < 0.05). The effect of treatments on content of lactic acid, acetic acid and butric acid was significant (p < 0.05, 0.01 and 0.05 respectively). After opening silage (35th and 45th day) following 10 days period, temperarures of the silage in terms of resistance to the rotting were measured. ît was found that at 6th and 7th days the temperature reach up to a peak level and at 9th and 10th days, then decreased to the normal and steady level. In the third step, the wet brewers' grains silage was made by adding % 15 wheat grains in farm condition. In the experiment, 8 Holstein cows born in 1994 were used. At the end of the 35th day of silage, it was opened.The cows were feed with small amounts of silage for adaptation. During this 10 days initial period, milk yield of cows was determined for ration preparation and then 4 week experiment was carried out.XI Control group containing 4 cows was feed with ration containing corn silage whereas experiment group was feed with beer residue silage. The results can be summarised that differences between treatment significant for milk yield and % 4 fat corrected milk yield (pO.Ol).However treatments did not have any significant effects on milk fat and protein content (p > 0.05). As a result of the lower milk yield in the group feed with corn silage and high ration cost, after % 4 fat correction milk for both groups cost 1 litre milk in the group feed with corn was higher than in the other group.
Açıklama
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Doktora
Doktora
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture
