Bazı endüstriyel hidrolitik enzimlerin şapkalı mantarlardaki aktivitelerinin araştırılması
Yükleniyor...
Dosyalar
Tarih
2015
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmada Trakya Bölgesi’nde doğal olarak yetişen ve yenilebilen Boletus edulis, Craterellus cornupioides, Hydnum repandum, Cantharellus cibarius, Amanita caesarea, Lactarius deliciosus, Agaricus campestris, Pleurotus eryngii türü yabanıl mantarlar ile kültürü yapılan Pleurotus ostreatus ve Agaricus bisporus mantarlarının endüstriyel açıdan önemi olan amilaz, selülaz, ksilanaz, pektinaz, kitinaz ve ß- glukozidaz enzim aktiviteleri incelendi. Bu amaçla, öncelikle her bir enzimatik reaksiyona özgü standart grafikler hazırlandı, daha sonra tüm mantar örneklerinin asetat tamponunda hazırlanan doku homojenatlarından kaba enzimleri elde edildi. Elde edilen kaba enzimler spesifik substratları ile inkübe edilerek ürünlerin oluşumu sağlandı. Açığa çıkan ürün miktarı spektrofotometrik olarak ölçülüp, standart grafiklerin yardımıile enzim aktiviteleri hesaplandı. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, Pleurotus ostreatus (istiridye) mantarının test edilen mantarlar içinde en yüksek ksilanaz (230±1.89 U/mL), pektinaz (173±2.6 U/mL) aktivitesine sahip olduğu belirlendi. Maksimum, selülaz (CMCaz) (148±1.25 U/mL), kitinaz (128±2.52 U/mL) ve ß-glukozidaz (74±0.305 U/mL) aktivitelerine, Boletus edulis (çörek)’in sahip olduğu gözlendi. En yüksek amilaz (156.6±0.51 U/mL) enzim aktivitesi ise, Lactarius deliciosus (kanlıca) mantarında saptandı. Selülaz, ksilanaz, ß- glukozidaz, pektinaz, kitinaz ve amilaz enzimlerinin çalışılan tüm mantar türlerinde değişen oranlarda aktivite gösterdiği belirlendi. Kitinaz enziminin sadece Hydnum repandum (sığırdili), Craterellus cornupioides (borazan) ve Agaricus bisporus (kültür) mantarlarında aktivite göstermediği, ancak diğer mantar türlerinde aktivite gösterdiği saptandı.
Abstract
In this study, amylase, cellulase, xylanase, pectinase, chitinase and ß-glucosidase enzyme activities that are important from an industrial point of Boletus edulis, Craterellus cornupioides, Hydnum repandum, Canthrellus cibarius, Amanita caesarea, Lactaricus delicious, Agaricus campestris, Pleurotus eryngii which are edible mushrooms grows wild in the Thrace Region and of cultivated mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus and Agaricus bisporus were investigated. For this purpose, first, an enzymatic reaction-spesific standart charts were prepared, then the crude enzymes prepared from homogenates of all mushroom samples were obtained in acetate buffer. The obtained crude enzymes were incubated with spesific substrates and the formation of products were achieved. The amount of product emitted measured spectrophotometrically and their enzyme activities were calculated with the help of standard graphics. According to the findings, Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster) were determined to have the highest xylanase (230±1.89 U/mL), pectinase (173±2.6 U/mL) activity among the tested mushrooms. Maximum cellulase (CMCase) (148±1.25 U/mL), chitinase (128±2.52 U/mL) and ß-glucosidase (74±0.305 U/mL) activity of Boletus edulis (muffin) owned was observed. The highest amylase activitiy (156.6±0.51 U/mL) was detected in the mushroom Lactarius deliciosus (bloody). Cellulase, xylanase, pectinase, ß-glucosidase, chitinase and amylase enzymes were determined in varying proportions studied in all mushroom species. Chitinase activity wasn’t observed only Hydnum repandum (anchusa), Craterellus cornupioides (trumpet) and Agaricus bisporus (cultivated mushroom), but was detected to be active in other mushroom species.
Abstract
In this study, amylase, cellulase, xylanase, pectinase, chitinase and ß-glucosidase enzyme activities that are important from an industrial point of Boletus edulis, Craterellus cornupioides, Hydnum repandum, Canthrellus cibarius, Amanita caesarea, Lactaricus delicious, Agaricus campestris, Pleurotus eryngii which are edible mushrooms grows wild in the Thrace Region and of cultivated mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus and Agaricus bisporus were investigated. For this purpose, first, an enzymatic reaction-spesific standart charts were prepared, then the crude enzymes prepared from homogenates of all mushroom samples were obtained in acetate buffer. The obtained crude enzymes were incubated with spesific substrates and the formation of products were achieved. The amount of product emitted measured spectrophotometrically and their enzyme activities were calculated with the help of standard graphics. According to the findings, Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster) were determined to have the highest xylanase (230±1.89 U/mL), pectinase (173±2.6 U/mL) activity among the tested mushrooms. Maximum cellulase (CMCase) (148±1.25 U/mL), chitinase (128±2.52 U/mL) and ß-glucosidase (74±0.305 U/mL) activity of Boletus edulis (muffin) owned was observed. The highest amylase activitiy (156.6±0.51 U/mL) was detected in the mushroom Lactarius deliciosus (bloody). Cellulase, xylanase, pectinase, ß-glucosidase, chitinase and amylase enzymes were determined in varying proportions studied in all mushroom species. Chitinase activity wasn’t observed only Hydnum repandum (anchusa), Craterellus cornupioides (trumpet) and Agaricus bisporus (cultivated mushroom), but was detected to be active in other mushroom species.
Açıklama
Yüksek Lisans Tezi
Anahtar Kelimeler
ß-glukozidaz, Endüstri, Enzim Aktivitesi, Şapkalı Mantarlar, Hidrolitik Enzimler, Amilaz, Selülaz, Ksilanaz, Pektinaz, Kitinaz, ß-glucosidase, Industry, Enzyme Activities, Mushrooms, Hydrolytic Enzymes, Amylase, Cellulase, Xylanase, Pectinase, Chitinase
