Sazlıdere deresi (Edirne) Oligochaeta faunası ve mevsimsel dinamiği
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2008
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
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Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışma Şubat 2007-Aralık 2007 tarihleri arasında Sazlıdere Deresi (Edirne) Oligochaeta faunasının tespiti ve mevsimsel dağılımını incelemek amacıyla gerçekleştirildi. Belirlenen 4 istasyondan iki aylık periyotlar halinde bentoz örneklemesi yapılarak, Oligochaeta dışındaki gruplar ordo-familya düzeyine kadar, Oligochaeta bireylerinin ise tür düzeyinde teşhisleri yapıldı. Çalışmada ayrıca 1991-1992 tarihleri arasında diğer araştırıcılar tarafından toplanan materyal de nitel değerlendirme amacıyla incelendi. Buna göre, Tubificidae familyasından, Tubifex tubifex, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, L. udekemianus, Potamothrix hammoniensis; Naidinae alt familyasından; Chaetogaster diaphanus, Stylaria lacustris, Nais barbata, N. bretscheri, N. elinguis, Ophidonais serpentina ,Pristina longiseta, Slavina appendiculata, Dero digitata, Aulophorus furcatus olmak üzere toplam 14 tür saptandı. Ayrıca bentoz örneklemesi esnasında, su örnekleri de alınarak suyun bazı fizikokimyasal ve mikrobiyolojik analizleri de (Çözünmüş oksijen, Biyolojik oksijen değeri (BOD), SO4, PO3, NO3-N, NO2-N, Mg, Ca, Klorür, Klorofil-a, Askıda katı madde (AKM), Toplam bakteri, Toplam Koliform, E.coli) yapıldı. SKKY değerlerine göre Sazlıdere Deresi' nin su kalitesi de belirlenmeye çalışıldı. Çalışmada m2'deki en yüksek birey sayısına 4. istasyonda Haziran 2007 örnekleminde (87.200 birey/m2) en düşük birey sayısına ise Ekim 2007 örnekleminde (44 birey/m2) 3. istasyonda rastlandı. Ayrıca istasyonların ortalama olarak m2 deki birey sayısı sırayla 4. istasyon (25.089 birey/m2), 1.istasyon (7267 birey/m2), 2.istasyon (2422 birey/m2), 3.istasyon (1778 birey/m2) olarak tespit edildi. Sazlıdere Deresi' nin Shannon-Wiener Indeks (SWI=H') çeşitliliğine bakıldığında ise (0 ile 1,51) arasında değiştiği gözlendi. İçerdikleri Oligochaeta türleri ve sayılarına göre yapılan Bray-Curtis kümeleme analizi sonuçlara göre, önce 1. ve 2. istasyonların daha sonra 4. istasyonun, bunun da 3. istasyon ile kendi içlerinde daha yüksek bir benzerlik gösterdiği belirlendi. Anahtar kelimeler: Sazlıdere Deresi, zoobentoz, Oligochaeta, fauna, fizikokimyasal parametreler.
This study performed to determined Oligochaeta fauna of Sazlıdere Stream (Edirne) and investigate their seasonal distribution between February 2007-December 2007. During the study period, specimens were collected two monthly period from 4 station determined by done benthos sampling and Oligochaeta individuals were identificated species level. Furthermore, material which were collected between years by other investigators were also examined as qualitatively. As a result during the a total of 14 species, were reported Tubifex tubifex, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, L. udekemianus, Potamothrix hammoniensis are belonging Tubificidae, Chaetogaster diaphanus, Stylaria lacustris, Nais barbata, N. bretscheri, N. elinguis, Ophidonais serpentina, Pristina longiseta, Slavina appendiculata, D.digidata, Aulophorus furcatus are belonging to Naididae. Also, water sampling was done to determine some such as DO, BOD, SO4, PO3, NO3-N, NO2-N, Mg, Ca, Cl, Chlorophyl-a, suspend solid material, organic matter, total bacteria, total coliform and E. Coli when benthos sampling done. It as tried to determine the Sazlıdere Stream according to SKKY. In this study, the highest individual number (87.200 ind/m2), was reported at station 4 sampling June 2007 and the lowest value was found October 2007 as (44 ind/m2). In addition, when the number average individual was taken into consideration, it could be seen that station 4, (25.089 ind/m2) , it was followed by the station 1 (7267 ind/m2), by the station 2 (2422 ind/m2) and by the station 3 (1778 ind/m2). Shannon-Weiner (SWI=H?) diversity index of Sazlıdere Stream was taken into consideration, it was seen that these values range between 0 and 1,51. As a result of Bray-Curtis cluster analyze according to Oligochaeta species and individual numbers in the stations; firstly 1 and 2 between themselves, later with station 4 and thereafter with station 3 are similar. Key words: Sazlıdere Stream, zoobenthos, Oligochaeta, fauna, physico-chemical parameters. In this study we have examined the effect of probiotic bacteria to effective fenolic antioxidant subtance in the process of changing activities are examined. By eding 2,5g bacteria to 47,5 ml milk the yoghurt is fermented. By taking samples from yogurt among 8 hours, the change in fenolic substances. In these hours and according to this antioxidan activity and change of amount in protein are examined. Fenolic substance search is done according to colour change in the reaction between fenolic compound and Folin marker in 725 nm spektrofotometric measurement in 8th and 32th hours, it is observed that there is an increase in the amount of fenolic substance. Antioxidant activity is done due to colour change is sweeping 1-1 diphenil 2-pica hidrazil (DPPH) and in 517 nm spectraphotometric measurement and in 24 th hour the antioxidant activity increase reached to maximum degree. Laccase activity is expressed in units per miligram protein, with 1 unit defined as the amount of enzyme that produces 1 ? mol ABTS oxidized perm in under assay conditions. The molar exinction cofficient of oxidized ABTS at 420 nm is 36,000 M -1 cm-1. There is an increase in the activity in 8 th, 24th and 32nd hours and according to this, in 32th hours and according to this, in 32nd hour there is an increase in the amount of phenolic compound and it is seen the poliphenols are degrated. There is an increase in peroxidase activity in 8th, 16th and 40th hours in 420 nm by spectrophotemetric method. We have examined the -glucosidase activity due to the decrease in p-nitrofenil- - gluko compound in the colour change in 400 nm and we have observed that there is an increase in 16 th hour and a decrease continuously. As the effect of changing of amount bacteria is examined , after the 16th hour in changing of phenolic substance changes in increases and decreases are observed. We have observed that in antioxidant activity the best activation is in 1 g bacteria/9 ml milk and glucosidase 0,5g bacteria / 9 ml milk and 2g bacteria / 9 ml milk usage decreased the activation. There is a slight change in protein amount. After growing up the bacterias in mrs broth fatteting area in the yogurts that are produced . we have observed that in the first 16 hours phenolic compound amount reached to maximum degree and then there is decrease in it . we have examined antioxidant activity change , the cahanges in glucosidase and protein search. By doing the activity search in the bacterias that are grown up in mrs broth fattening area with catechin and fermenting yoghurt , the differences are determined. Keywords: phenolic, glucosidase, laccase, peroxidase, antioxidant, probiotic bacteria.
This study performed to determined Oligochaeta fauna of Sazlıdere Stream (Edirne) and investigate their seasonal distribution between February 2007-December 2007. During the study period, specimens were collected two monthly period from 4 station determined by done benthos sampling and Oligochaeta individuals were identificated species level. Furthermore, material which were collected between years by other investigators were also examined as qualitatively. As a result during the a total of 14 species, were reported Tubifex tubifex, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, L. udekemianus, Potamothrix hammoniensis are belonging Tubificidae, Chaetogaster diaphanus, Stylaria lacustris, Nais barbata, N. bretscheri, N. elinguis, Ophidonais serpentina, Pristina longiseta, Slavina appendiculata, D.digidata, Aulophorus furcatus are belonging to Naididae. Also, water sampling was done to determine some such as DO, BOD, SO4, PO3, NO3-N, NO2-N, Mg, Ca, Cl, Chlorophyl-a, suspend solid material, organic matter, total bacteria, total coliform and E. Coli when benthos sampling done. It as tried to determine the Sazlıdere Stream according to SKKY. In this study, the highest individual number (87.200 ind/m2), was reported at station 4 sampling June 2007 and the lowest value was found October 2007 as (44 ind/m2). In addition, when the number average individual was taken into consideration, it could be seen that station 4, (25.089 ind/m2) , it was followed by the station 1 (7267 ind/m2), by the station 2 (2422 ind/m2) and by the station 3 (1778 ind/m2). Shannon-Weiner (SWI=H?) diversity index of Sazlıdere Stream was taken into consideration, it was seen that these values range between 0 and 1,51. As a result of Bray-Curtis cluster analyze according to Oligochaeta species and individual numbers in the stations; firstly 1 and 2 between themselves, later with station 4 and thereafter with station 3 are similar. Key words: Sazlıdere Stream, zoobenthos, Oligochaeta, fauna, physico-chemical parameters. In this study we have examined the effect of probiotic bacteria to effective fenolic antioxidant subtance in the process of changing activities are examined. By eding 2,5g bacteria to 47,5 ml milk the yoghurt is fermented. By taking samples from yogurt among 8 hours, the change in fenolic substances. In these hours and according to this antioxidan activity and change of amount in protein are examined. Fenolic substance search is done according to colour change in the reaction between fenolic compound and Folin marker in 725 nm spektrofotometric measurement in 8th and 32th hours, it is observed that there is an increase in the amount of fenolic substance. Antioxidant activity is done due to colour change is sweeping 1-1 diphenil 2-pica hidrazil (DPPH) and in 517 nm spectraphotometric measurement and in 24 th hour the antioxidant activity increase reached to maximum degree. Laccase activity is expressed in units per miligram protein, with 1 unit defined as the amount of enzyme that produces 1 ? mol ABTS oxidized perm in under assay conditions. The molar exinction cofficient of oxidized ABTS at 420 nm is 36,000 M -1 cm-1. There is an increase in the activity in 8 th, 24th and 32nd hours and according to this, in 32th hours and according to this, in 32nd hour there is an increase in the amount of phenolic compound and it is seen the poliphenols are degrated. There is an increase in peroxidase activity in 8th, 16th and 40th hours in 420 nm by spectrophotemetric method. We have examined the -glucosidase activity due to the decrease in p-nitrofenil- - gluko compound in the colour change in 400 nm and we have observed that there is an increase in 16 th hour and a decrease continuously. As the effect of changing of amount bacteria is examined , after the 16th hour in changing of phenolic substance changes in increases and decreases are observed. We have observed that in antioxidant activity the best activation is in 1 g bacteria/9 ml milk and glucosidase 0,5g bacteria / 9 ml milk and 2g bacteria / 9 ml milk usage decreased the activation. There is a slight change in protein amount. After growing up the bacterias in mrs broth fatteting area in the yogurts that are produced . we have observed that in the first 16 hours phenolic compound amount reached to maximum degree and then there is decrease in it . we have examined antioxidant activity change , the cahanges in glucosidase and protein search. By doing the activity search in the bacterias that are grown up in mrs broth fattening area with catechin and fermenting yoghurt , the differences are determined. Keywords: phenolic, glucosidase, laccase, peroxidase, antioxidant, probiotic bacteria.
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Anahtar Kelimeler
Biyoloji, Biology
