İstanbul ili karınca faunası (Hymenoptera; Formicidae)
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2010
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
stanbul ili karınca faunasını tespite yönelik yapılan bu çalışma sonucunda toplam 56 lokaliteden, 4 alt familya, 19 cins, 37 tür saptanmıştır. Saptanan alt familyalar: Ponerinae, Myrmicinae, Dolichoderinae, ve Formicinae'dir. Araştırma sırasında saptanan türlerden 9'u İstanbul için ilk kayıttır. Bunlar: Hypoponera eduardi, Messor sp., Crematogaster sordidula, Tetramorium lucidula, Tapinoma ambigium, Bothriomyrmex meridionalis, Camponotus candiotes, Proformica korbi ve Lasius paralienus türleridir. Çalışmada öncelikle 1966-2000 yılları arasında İstanbul'un farklı lokalitelerinden çeşitli zamanlarda toplanmış materyal değerlendirilmiştir. Bu materyalin yanı sıra, 17 lokaliteye ait 12 farklı habitattan Ekim 2008-2009 yılları arasında karıncaların aktif oldukları dönemde, toplanan materyal de değerlendirilmiştir. Lokalitelerin seçiminde sayısal ağırlıktan öte, farklı habitat özelliklerine sahip olmalarına dikkat edilmiştir. Karadeniz nemli meşe ormanları, Karadeniz ardı meşe ormanları, kuru fundalıklar, pırnal meşesi maki toplulukları, Batı Karadeniz kayın ormanları, Batı Anadolu meşe ormanları başta olmak üzere, araştırılan habitatların tümünde aynı türe rastlanamamıştır ancak en fazla tür içeren habitatın, 33 tür ile "pırnal meşesi maki topluluğu" olduğu saptanmıştır. Tetramorium caespitum ve Lasius alienus türleri 9 farklı habitatta bulunmaları ile, bölgede ekolojik toleransı en yüksek türler olarak belirlenmiştir. Messor caducus, Messor structor türleri de 7 habitatta bulunmaları bakımından ekolojik toleransı yüksek türler olarak tespit edilmişlerdir. Araştırılan 56 lokaliteden tümünde de aynı türe rastlanamamıştır. Messor structor 26 lokalitede, Messor caducus ve Tetramorium caespitum türleri 23, Lasius alienus türü ise 22 lokalitede tespit edilmeleri bakımından, sırasıyla en fazla sayıda lokalitede bulunan türler olarak belirlenmiştir. Nüfusun, sanayinin ve kentleşmenin karınca faunasını araştırma bölgemizde ne ölçüde etkilediğini belirlemek amacıyla nitel ve nicel yönden yaptığımız çalışmada son yıllarda İstanbul'da sanayi gelişiminin faunal yapıyı negatif yönde etkilediği görülmüştür.
Abstract
In this study, the ants species of Istanbul region have been studied and the distribution of these species were evaluated. During the course of the research, 4 subfamily, 19 genera and 37 species have been identified. Of these 9 species recorded for the first time in Istanbul. These are: Hypoponera eduardi, Messor sp., Crematogaster sordidula, Tetramorium lucidula, Tapinoma ambigium, Bothriomyrmex meridionalis, Camponotus candiotes, Proformica korbi ve Lasius paralienus. The study was carried out during the active periods of the ants in 17 localities and 12 habitats between the years 2008-2009. Specimens collected between the years 1966-2000, were also evaluated. In the selections of the localities, the characteristic of the habitats taken in consideration than the numbers of the localities. A certain given species was not found in all of the studied habitats mainly "Black sea damp oak forests", "Black sea consecutive oak forests", "Dry moorlands", "Oak maquis bands", "Western Black sea beech forests", "Western Anatolian oak forests", "Foreground-areas "but "Oak maquis band" with 33 species is the most preferable habitat. The species in different habitats and wide distribution were Tetramorium caespitum and Lasius alienus . Messor caducus and Messor structor were also common species in studied area. These species appear to have higher tolerance for their habitat preferences when the geographic structure of an area with its characteristic vegetation is considered. As the localities were evaluated, there were no any species found in all searched 56 localities but Messor structor in 26 , Messor caducus and Tetramorium caespitum in 23, Lasius alienus in 22 localities are the wide distributed species in the search localities respectively. In consideration of population density, industrialization, industrial waste, degree of urbanization in the research are, we can say that all these factors has negative effects on the faunal distribution qualitative and quantitatively in recent years.
Abstract
In this study, the ants species of Istanbul region have been studied and the distribution of these species were evaluated. During the course of the research, 4 subfamily, 19 genera and 37 species have been identified. Of these 9 species recorded for the first time in Istanbul. These are: Hypoponera eduardi, Messor sp., Crematogaster sordidula, Tetramorium lucidula, Tapinoma ambigium, Bothriomyrmex meridionalis, Camponotus candiotes, Proformica korbi ve Lasius paralienus. The study was carried out during the active periods of the ants in 17 localities and 12 habitats between the years 2008-2009. Specimens collected between the years 1966-2000, were also evaluated. In the selections of the localities, the characteristic of the habitats taken in consideration than the numbers of the localities. A certain given species was not found in all of the studied habitats mainly "Black sea damp oak forests", "Black sea consecutive oak forests", "Dry moorlands", "Oak maquis bands", "Western Black sea beech forests", "Western Anatolian oak forests", "Foreground-areas "but "Oak maquis band" with 33 species is the most preferable habitat. The species in different habitats and wide distribution were Tetramorium caespitum and Lasius alienus . Messor caducus and Messor structor were also common species in studied area. These species appear to have higher tolerance for their habitat preferences when the geographic structure of an area with its characteristic vegetation is considered. As the localities were evaluated, there were no any species found in all searched 56 localities but Messor structor in 26 , Messor caducus and Tetramorium caespitum in 23, Lasius alienus in 22 localities are the wide distributed species in the search localities respectively. In consideration of population density, industrialization, industrial waste, degree of urbanization in the research are, we can say that all these factors has negative effects on the faunal distribution qualitative and quantitatively in recent years.
Açıklama
Yüksek Lisans Tezi
Anahtar Kelimeler
Hymenoptera (Formicidae), Fauna, İstanbul, Hymenoptera (Formicidae), Fauna, Istanbul
