Matthiola incana (L.) r. br.’nın erkek gametofitinde sitolojik ve embriyolojik çalışmalar
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
ÖZET Bu tez çalışmasında Türkiye’de sınırlı bölgede dağılım gösteren Brassicaceae familyasından Matthiola incana (L.) R. Br.’da mikrosporogenez, mikrogametogenez ve polen canlılığı sitolojik ve embriyolojik olarak incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada ezme preparasyon ve parafin gömme metodu kullanılarak yapılan preparatlar ışık mikroskobunda incelenmiştir. Çeşitli evrelerdeki anterlerin polisakkarit ve RNA içeriği histolojik olarak PAS yöntemi ve toluidin mavisi ile boyama yöntemi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. M. incana’da anterler tetrasporangiattır. Anter çeperi; epidermis, endotesyum, yassılaşmış ara tabaka ve genellikle iki nukleuslu hücrelerden meydana gelen salgı tapetumundan oluşmaktadır. Mikrosporogenez ve polen mitozu genellikle düzenlidir fakat bazı evrelerde kromozom köprüsü ve mikronukleus gibi anormalliklere de rastlanmıştır. Ayrıca mikrosporogenezde asinkroni gözlenmiştir. Polen sterilite oranı %0,2 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Anterdeki polisakkarit içeriği genellikle hücre çeperlerinde ve mikrosporlarda yoğunlaşmıştır. Polisakkaritler özellikle tapetum hücrelerinde, tek çekirdekli mikrospor evresinde endotesyum tabakası ve epidermiste, olgun polen evresinde ise endotesyum tabakasında daha yoğundur. RNA içeriğinin mikrogametogenezin erken evresinde anter çeperinde, polen mitozuna hazırlanan mikrosporlarda ve tek çekirdekli mikrospor evresinde ara tabakada zengin olduğu görülmüştür. Bu çalışma ile elde edilen bulguların, M. incana ile ilgili yapılan sitoembriyolojik, histolojik ve taksonomik araştırmalara katkı sağlaması amaçlanmaktadır.
In this thesis, microsporogenesis, microgametogenesis and pollen viability were investigated cytologically and embryologically in Matthiola incana (L.) R. Br. from Brassicaceae family which shows limited distribution in Turkey. In this study, the preparations made by using the crushing method and paraffin embedding method were examined under a light microscope. The polysaccharide and RNA contents of the anthers at various stages were examined histologically using the PAS method and the toluidine blue staining method. Anthers in M. incana are tetrasporangiate. Anther wall consists of epidermis, endothecium, flattened intermediate layer and secretory tapetum, usually with two-nucleted cells. Microsporogenesis and pollen mitosis are generally regular, but abnormalities such as chromosome bridge and micronucleus have also been encountered at some stages. In addition, asynchrony has been observed in microsporogenesis. Pollen sterility rate was determined as 0.2%. The polysaccharide content in the anther is often concentrated in cell walls and microspores. Polysaccharides are denser especially in tapetum cells, in the endothecium layer and epidermis in the mononuclear microspore stage, and in the endothecium layer in the mature pollen stage. It was observed that the RNA content was rich in the anther wall in the early stage of microgametogenesis, in microspores prepared for pollen mitosis, and in the middle layer in the mononuclear microspore stage. It is aimed that the data obtained from this study will contribute to the cytoembryological, histological and taxonomic studies on M. incana.
In this thesis, microsporogenesis, microgametogenesis and pollen viability were investigated cytologically and embryologically in Matthiola incana (L.) R. Br. from Brassicaceae family which shows limited distribution in Turkey. In this study, the preparations made by using the crushing method and paraffin embedding method were examined under a light microscope. The polysaccharide and RNA contents of the anthers at various stages were examined histologically using the PAS method and the toluidine blue staining method. Anthers in M. incana are tetrasporangiate. Anther wall consists of epidermis, endothecium, flattened intermediate layer and secretory tapetum, usually with two-nucleted cells. Microsporogenesis and pollen mitosis are generally regular, but abnormalities such as chromosome bridge and micronucleus have also been encountered at some stages. In addition, asynchrony has been observed in microsporogenesis. Pollen sterility rate was determined as 0.2%. The polysaccharide content in the anther is often concentrated in cell walls and microspores. Polysaccharides are denser especially in tapetum cells, in the endothecium layer and epidermis in the mononuclear microspore stage, and in the endothecium layer in the mature pollen stage. It was observed that the RNA content was rich in the anther wall in the early stage of microgametogenesis, in microspores prepared for pollen mitosis, and in the middle layer in the mononuclear microspore stage. It is aimed that the data obtained from this study will contribute to the cytoembryological, histological and taxonomic studies on M. incana.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
matthiola incana, brassicaceae, mikrosporogenez, mikrogametogenez, mikrospor, polen, matthiola incana, brassicaceae, microsporogenesis, microspore, pollen
