Trakya Bölgesindeki yağ fabrikalarının rafinasyon atığı olan asit yağlardan biyodizel eldesinin araştırılması
Yükleniyor...
Dosyalar
Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
İnsanların yaşamsal faaliyetlerini gerçekleştirebilmek için ihtiyaç duydukları en önemli kavramlardan biri enerji’dir. Dünya üzerindeki nüfus artışı ve hali hazırda kullanılan enerji kaynaklarının tükenmeye başlaması, araştırmacıları farklı enerji kaynaklarına yönlendirmiştir. Bu aşamada alternatif bir kaynak olan biyodizel çevre dostu ve yenilenebilir bir enerji kaynağıdır. Toksik olmayan, çevre dostu ve yenilenebilir kaynaklardan üretilebilinen biyodizel dizel motorlarda bazı modifikasyonlar yapılarak ya da modifikasyona ihtiyaç duymadan kullanılabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada Tekirdağ ilinde bulunan Trakya Birlik Entegre Tesislerinden temin edilen ve ayçiçek yağı rafinasyon aşamasının son basamağı olan deodorize basamağının atığı asit yağı kullanılarak biyodizel üretimi yapıldı. Üretilen biyodizelin yakıt özeliklerinin EN 14214 ve ASTM D6751 standartlarına uygun olup olmadığı incelendi. Asit yağdan biyodizel üretimi asidik kataliz yöntemi esas alınarak yapıldı. Katalizör olarak H2SO4, alkol olarak metanol kullanıldı ve katalizör miktarı, metanol: asit yağ oranı, reaksiyon sıcaklığı ve reaksiyon süresi parametleri çalışılarak en yüksek biyodizel veriminin elde edildiği optimum koşullar belirlendi. Yapılan çalışmalar neticesinde en yüksek biyodizel verimi %1 (m/m) H2SO4, 12:1 metanol: asit yağ oranında, 65 °C reaksiyon sıcaklığı ve 9 saat reaksiyon süresinde elde edildi. Elde edilen biyodizelin yakıt özelliklerinin EN 14214 ve ASTM D6751 standardına uygun olduğu belirlendi.
Energy is one of the most important concepts that people need to carry out their vital activities. The increasing population in the world and the depletion of the energy resources currently used have led researchers to different energy sources. At this stage, biodiesel, an alternative resource, is an environmentally friendly and renewable energy source. Biodiesel, which can be produced from non-toxic, environmentally friendly and renewable sources, can be used in diesel engines with some modifications or without the need for modification. In this study, biodiesel production was made using acid oil, which is the last step of the sunflower oil refining stage. Acid oil obtained from Trakya Birlik Integrated Facilities in Tekirdağ, and it was examined whether the fuel characteristics of the produced biodiesel comply with EN 14214 and ASTM D6751 standards. Biodiesel production from acid oil was based on acidic catalysis method. H2SO4 was used as catalyst and methanol as alcohol. Catalyst amount, methanol: acid oil ratio, reaction temperature and reaction time parameters were studied and optimum conditions at which the highest biodiesel yield was obtained were determined. As a result of the studies, the highest biodiesel yield was obtained in 1% (w/w) H2SO4, 12:1 methanol: acid oil ratio, 65 °C reaction temperature and 9 hours reaction time. It was determined that the fuel properties of the biodiesel obtained were in accordance with EN 14214 and ASTM D6751 standards.
Energy is one of the most important concepts that people need to carry out their vital activities. The increasing population in the world and the depletion of the energy resources currently used have led researchers to different energy sources. At this stage, biodiesel, an alternative resource, is an environmentally friendly and renewable energy source. Biodiesel, which can be produced from non-toxic, environmentally friendly and renewable sources, can be used in diesel engines with some modifications or without the need for modification. In this study, biodiesel production was made using acid oil, which is the last step of the sunflower oil refining stage. Acid oil obtained from Trakya Birlik Integrated Facilities in Tekirdağ, and it was examined whether the fuel characteristics of the produced biodiesel comply with EN 14214 and ASTM D6751 standards. Biodiesel production from acid oil was based on acidic catalysis method. H2SO4 was used as catalyst and methanol as alcohol. Catalyst amount, methanol: acid oil ratio, reaction temperature and reaction time parameters were studied and optimum conditions at which the highest biodiesel yield was obtained were determined. As a result of the studies, the highest biodiesel yield was obtained in 1% (w/w) H2SO4, 12:1 methanol: acid oil ratio, 65 °C reaction temperature and 9 hours reaction time. It was determined that the fuel properties of the biodiesel obtained were in accordance with EN 14214 and ASTM D6751 standards.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
asit kataliz, biyodizel, transesterifikasyon, asit yağ, biodiesel, acid oil, transesterification, acidic catalysis
