Ortaokul fen bilimleri ders kitaplarının materyal ulaşılabilirliği açısından analizi ve materyal kullanımına yönelik öğretmen görüşleri
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu araştırmanın amacı, 2020-2021 eğitim-öğretim yılında okutulmasına karar verilen Ortaokul Fen Bilimleri Ders Kitaplarındaki deneysel etkinliklerde kullanılan araç, gereç ve malzemelerin ulaşılabilirlik düzeyleri ile öğretmenlerin materyal kullanımına yönelik görüşlerini çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelemektir. Bu amaçla ders kitaplarındaki deneysel etkinlikler ile fen, mühendislik ve girişimcilik etkinliklerinin tamamı incelenmiştir. İncelenen etkinlikler üniteler, öğrenme alanları ve sınıf düzeyleri kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir. Kantitatif (nicel) ve kalitatif (nitel) araştırma yöntemlerinin bir arada kullanıldığı karma yöntem araştırması uygulanmıştır. Fen bilimleri öğretmenlerinin materyal kullanımına yönelik görüşlerini belirlemek üzere araştırmanın nicel verileri, online olarak gerçekleştirilen “Öğretim Materyallerini Kullanma Anketi” ile toplanmıştır. Ortaokul Fen Bilimleri Ders Kitaplarında kullanılan araç, gereç ve malzemelerin ulaşılabilirlik düzeylerini belirmek üzere çalışmanın nitel verileri, araştırmacı tarafından oluşturulan “Araç, Gereç ve Malzeme Ulaşılabilirlik Formu ”(AGMUF) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. iv Araştırmada nicel verilerin toplandığı çalışma grubunu, 2020-2021 eğitimöğretim yılında Edirne İli merkeze bağlı devlet ortaokullarında görev yapmakta olan fen bilimleri öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Nitel araştırma verilerinin toplandığı çalışma grubunu ise Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Talim ve Terbiye Kurulu tarafından, 2020-2021 eğitim-öğretim yılında 5,6,7 ve 8. sınıflarda okutulacak dört adet Fen Bilimleri ders kitabı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmadan elde edilen nicel verilerin analizinde SPSS 22. 0 (Statistical Package for the Social Science) programı kullanılmıştır. Öğretmenlerin araç, gereç ve materyal kullanım durumları ile çeşitli değişkenler arasındaki farklılığı belirlemek üzere parametrik olmayan testlerden Mann-Whitney U Testi ve Kruskal-Wallis H Testi kullanılmıştır. Araç, Gereç ve Malzeme Ulaşılabilirlik Formundan elde edilen nitel verilerin analizinde ise içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın nicel verilerinin analizinden şu bulgular elde edilmiştir. Okulların sosyo-ekonomik durumlarındaki artış, öğretmenlerin ders materyalleri kullanımını olumlu yönde etkilemektedir. Erkek öğretmenler bayan öğretmenlere göre ders materyallerini daha sık kullanmaktadırlar. Deneyimli öğretmenler, materyal kullanım öneminin bilincindedir ve derslerde materyal kullanımına sıklıkla yer vermektedirler. Meslekte yeni öğretmenler deneyimli öğretmenlere göre materyal kullanımına yönelik gereken sorumluluğu almamaktadırlar. Eğitim Yüksek Okulu mezunu öğretmenlerin ise Fen-Edebiyat ve Eğitim Fakültesi mezunu öğretmenlere göre daha sık ders materyalleri kullanmaktadırlar. Nicel verilerin analizi sonucunda incelenen değişkenlerin fen bilimleri öğretmenlerinin derslerinde araç, gereç ve materyal kullanımını etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Nitel verilerin analizi sonucunda ise Ortaokul Fen bilimleri Ders Kitaplarında yer alan deneysel etkinlikler ile fen, mühendislik ve girişimcilik etkinliklerinin büyük bir kısmının, günlük hayatta kolay ulaşılabilen basit malzemeler ya da alternatifi olan araç, gereçler ile yapılabileceği düşünülmektedir. Üst düzey donanıma sahip araç, gereç ve malzemeleri gerektirecek etkinliklerin yok denecek kadar az olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
The aim of this study is to examine the accessibility levels of the tools, equipment and materials used in the experimental activities in the secondary school science textbooks that were decided to be taught in the 2020-2021 academic year, and the teachers’ views on the use of materials in terms of various variables. For this purpose, all of the experimental activities and science, engineering and entrepreneurship activities in the textbooks were examined. The activities examined were evaluated within the scope of the units, learning areas and grade levels. This research is a mixed researching method in which quantitative and qualitative research methods are used together. In order to determine the views of science teachers on the use of materials, the quantitative data of the study was collected with the “Instructional Materials Use Survey” conducted online. In order to determine the accessibility levels of the tools, materials and materials used in secondary schools’ science textbooks, the qualitative data of the study were collected using the “Tools, Equipment and Materials Accessibility Form” created by the researcher. The study group, in which quantitative data were collected in the research, consists of 44 science teachers working in public secondary schools in Edirne province in the 2020-2021 academic year. The study group in which the qualitative research data were collected consists of four science textbooks to be taught in the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th grades in the 2020-2021 academic year by the Ministry of National Education Board of Education and Discipline. SPSS 22.0 program was used in the analysis of the quantitative data obtained from the research. Non-parametric tests Mann-Whitney U Test and Kruskal-Wallis H Test were used to determine the difference between teachers’ use of tools, equipment and materials and various variables. Content analysis was used in the analysis of the qualitative data obtained from the tool, equipment and material availability form. The following findings were obtained from the analysis of the quantitative data of the study. The increase in the socio-economic status of schools positively affects teachers’ use of course materials. Male teachers have a more positive attitude towards the use of course materials than female teachers. Experienced teachers are aware of the importance of using materials and they often include the use of materials in their lessons. Teachers who are considered new to the profession do not take the necessary responsibility for the use of materials compared to experienced teachers. Teachers graduated from Education High School use course materials more frequently than teachers graduated from Faculty of Arts and Sciences. As a result of the analysis of the quantitative data, it was concluded that the variables examined affect the use of tools, materials and materials in the lessons of science teachers. As a result of the analysis of the qualitative data, it was concluded that most of the experimental activities and science, engineering and entrepreneurship activities in the Secondary School Science Textbooks can be done with simple materials that are easily accessible in daily life or with alternative tools and equipment. It has been observed that activities that require high level equipment, tools and materials are almost non existent.
The aim of this study is to examine the accessibility levels of the tools, equipment and materials used in the experimental activities in the secondary school science textbooks that were decided to be taught in the 2020-2021 academic year, and the teachers’ views on the use of materials in terms of various variables. For this purpose, all of the experimental activities and science, engineering and entrepreneurship activities in the textbooks were examined. The activities examined were evaluated within the scope of the units, learning areas and grade levels. This research is a mixed researching method in which quantitative and qualitative research methods are used together. In order to determine the views of science teachers on the use of materials, the quantitative data of the study was collected with the “Instructional Materials Use Survey” conducted online. In order to determine the accessibility levels of the tools, materials and materials used in secondary schools’ science textbooks, the qualitative data of the study were collected using the “Tools, Equipment and Materials Accessibility Form” created by the researcher. The study group, in which quantitative data were collected in the research, consists of 44 science teachers working in public secondary schools in Edirne province in the 2020-2021 academic year. The study group in which the qualitative research data were collected consists of four science textbooks to be taught in the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th grades in the 2020-2021 academic year by the Ministry of National Education Board of Education and Discipline. SPSS 22.0 program was used in the analysis of the quantitative data obtained from the research. Non-parametric tests Mann-Whitney U Test and Kruskal-Wallis H Test were used to determine the difference between teachers’ use of tools, equipment and materials and various variables. Content analysis was used in the analysis of the qualitative data obtained from the tool, equipment and material availability form. The following findings were obtained from the analysis of the quantitative data of the study. The increase in the socio-economic status of schools positively affects teachers’ use of course materials. Male teachers have a more positive attitude towards the use of course materials than female teachers. Experienced teachers are aware of the importance of using materials and they often include the use of materials in their lessons. Teachers who are considered new to the profession do not take the necessary responsibility for the use of materials compared to experienced teachers. Teachers graduated from Education High School use course materials more frequently than teachers graduated from Faculty of Arts and Sciences. As a result of the analysis of the quantitative data, it was concluded that the variables examined affect the use of tools, materials and materials in the lessons of science teachers. As a result of the analysis of the qualitative data, it was concluded that most of the experimental activities and science, engineering and entrepreneurship activities in the Secondary School Science Textbooks can be done with simple materials that are easily accessible in daily life or with alternative tools and equipment. It has been observed that activities that require high level equipment, tools and materials are almost non existent.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Basit malzemeler, Deneysel etkinlik, Fen bilimleri ders kitabı, Öğretim materyalleri, Ulaşılabilirlik, Öğretmen görüşü, Basic materials, Experimental activity, Science textbook, Teaching materials, Accessibility, Teacher’s opinion
