Biyolojik temelli surfaktantlarla mikroemülsiyon hazırlama
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2014
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
İyonik olmayan yüzey aktif maddelerin (Tween 80, Tween 20 )'nin yardımcı çözücü olarak kullanılan 1-bütanolün ve yağın (n-hekzan, n-heptan) değişik miktarlarda kullanıldığı mikroemülsiyonlar hazırlandı. Su ve tuzlu su çözeltileri kullanılarak bu mikroemülsüyonlar titre edildi ve üç fazlı mikroemülsiyonlar oluşturuldu. Bu mikroemülsiyonlar su ve %1,%3 ve %5'lik oranlarda hazırlanan NaCI çözeltisi ile titre edildiğinde gözlendi ki tuz oranı arttıkça kullanılan titrant miktarı azalmıştır. Sonuçta üç fazlı üçgen grafikte titrantaki tuz oranı arttıkça tek fazlı bölgenin alan yüzdesi azalmıştır. Monofazik alan yüzdelerindeki azalışın Tween 20 de daha az olması Tween 20' nin Tween 80 'den daha iyi stabilize özelliklere sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Tuz oranı arttıkça monofazik bölgenin alanının azalması yüzey aktif maddenin tuz oranı arttıkça çözündürücü özelliğinin de azaldığını gösterir. Ayrıca kullanılan yağın karbon sayısı arttıkça monofazik bölgenin alan yüzdesinin daha da azaldığı gözlenmiştir. Yine bu azalış farkının Tween 80'e kıyasla Tween 20' de daha az olması Tween 20' nin daha kararlı olduğuna ispattır. Burdan hareketle Tween 80, Tween 20 gibi noniyonik YAM' lerle oluşturulan mikroemülsiyonlarda kullanılan yağın karbon sayısının artmasıyla tek fazlı bölgenin alan yüzdesinde ve dolayısıyla YAM'nin çözünürlüğündeki azalmanın arttığı gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca noniyonik YAM'lere tuzların ilavesi bulutlanma noktasını da azaltmaktadır.
Abstract
Microemulsions in which oil (n-hexan and n-heptane) and 1-butanol used as subsidiary dissolvent of surface active agents that are not ionic (Tween 80 and Tween 20) were used in various amount were prepared. These microemulsions were titrated by using water and salty water solutions and three phased microemülsions were created. It has been observed that the higher the salt ratio was, the less used titrant amount was when these microemulsions were titrated with water and NaCI solutions of 1%, 3% and 5%. Consequently, the higher the salt ratio in titrant was, the less the surface percentage of one phased area was at the three phased triangle diagram. That the decreases of monophasic area percentages are lower in Tween 20 shows that Tween 20 has better stabilizing features than Tween 80 has. That the higher the salt ratio is, the less monophasic area gets demonstrates that the higher the salt ratio is, the less the solubilizer feature of surface active agents is. In addition, it has been observed that the more the carbon number of the oil used is, monophasic area surface gets lower and lower. That this decrease gap is less in Tween 20 in comparison with Tween 80 is the evidence that Tween 20 is more steady. Thus, it has been observed that the surface percentage of one phased area thereby decrease in solubility in YAM increased upon the increase of the carbon number of oil used for microemulsions created with nonionic YAM such as Tween 20 and Tween 80. In addition, additions of salts to nonionic YAMs decreases cloud point.
Abstract
Microemulsions in which oil (n-hexan and n-heptane) and 1-butanol used as subsidiary dissolvent of surface active agents that are not ionic (Tween 80 and Tween 20) were used in various amount were prepared. These microemulsions were titrated by using water and salty water solutions and three phased microemülsions were created. It has been observed that the higher the salt ratio was, the less used titrant amount was when these microemulsions were titrated with water and NaCI solutions of 1%, 3% and 5%. Consequently, the higher the salt ratio in titrant was, the less the surface percentage of one phased area was at the three phased triangle diagram. That the decreases of monophasic area percentages are lower in Tween 20 shows that Tween 20 has better stabilizing features than Tween 80 has. That the higher the salt ratio is, the less monophasic area gets demonstrates that the higher the salt ratio is, the less the solubilizer feature of surface active agents is. In addition, it has been observed that the more the carbon number of the oil used is, monophasic area surface gets lower and lower. That this decrease gap is less in Tween 20 in comparison with Tween 80 is the evidence that Tween 20 is more steady. Thus, it has been observed that the surface percentage of one phased area thereby decrease in solubility in YAM increased upon the increase of the carbon number of oil used for microemulsions created with nonionic YAM such as Tween 20 and Tween 80. In addition, additions of salts to nonionic YAMs decreases cloud point.
Açıklama
Yüksek Lisans tezi
Anahtar Kelimeler
Tween 80, Tek Fazlı Bölgenin Alan Yüzdesi, Üç Fazlı Mikroemülsiyon Oluşturma, Noniyonik Yüzey Aktif Maddeler, Tween 20, Nonionic Surface Active Agents, One Phased, Creating Three Phased Microemulsion
