Lipaz enzimi katalizörlüğünde bitkisel yağlardan biyodizel eldesi
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2003
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Yüksek Lisans Tezi Lipaz Enzimi Katalizörlüğünde Bitkisel Yağlardan Biyodizel Üretimi Trakya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Kimya Anabilim Dalı ÖZET Dünyada azalan petrol kaynakları ve buna bağlı olarak yaşanan enerji krizleri alternatif enerji kaynakları arayışını gündeme getirmiştir. Bunlardan, üzerinde en çok durulan biyodizel; ayçiçeği, kolza ve soya fasulyesi gibi yağlardan kolayca elde edilmektedir. Bu sebeple; biyodizel ile ilgili bilimsel araştırmalar, bitkisel yağ çeşitleri ve kullanılan katalizörler üzerine yoğunlaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmada Trakya Bölgesinde tarımı yaygm bir şekilde yapılan ayçiçeği yağmdan lipaz enzimi katalizörlüğünde biyodizel elde edilmesi amaçlandı. Son yıllarda gelişmekte olan biyoteknolojide, lipazların kullanımında bir artış gözlenmektedir. Bu sebeple gerçekleştirdiğimiz ayçiçeği yağının metanol ile lipaz katalizli transesterifikasyonunda katalizör olarak domuz pankreatik lipazı ve mikrobiyal lipaz Candida rugosa kullanıldı. Candida rugosa lipazı ile yapılan ön denemede sonuç alınamadığından, reaksiyonlara domuz pankreatik lipazı ile devam edildi. Reaksiyonlar termostatlı çalkalayıcıda gerçekleştirildi. Transesterifikasyon reaksiyonlarında; yağ/alkol oram, enzim miktarı, organik çözücü cinsi, sıcaklık ve reaksiyonların inkübasyon süreleri incelendi ve optimal şartlar tespit edildi. Elde edilen reaksiyonların son karışımlarının TLC ile kalitatif analiz yapıldı. Hekzan: dietileter: asetik asit (80: 20: 1) yürütücü çözgen olarak kullanıldı. Standart olarak ayçiçeği yağı, linoleik ve oleik asit metil esterleri kullanıldı. Yağ asidi metil esterleri (biyodizel) GC ile analiz edildi ve % ürün dönüşümleri tayin edildi. Anahtar kelimeler: Biyodizel, transesterifikasyon, alkoliz, metanoliz, domuz pankreatik lipaz, yağ asidi metil esteri Yıl: 2003 Sayla: 72
Master Thesis Lipase-catalyzed Production of Biodiesel from Vegetable Oils Trakya University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Department of Chemistry SUMMARY Alternative energy resources has became an important research field because of exhausting petroleum resources and energy crises depending on that. One of the most concentrated alternative energy resource is biodiesel which can easily be obtained from sunflower, rapeseed and soybean oils. For this reason, the scientific research interested in biodiesel is concentrated on the various oils extracted from plants and the catalysts used in. In this study it is aimed to obtain biodiesel from sunflower oil, which is widely grown agricultured product in Trakya Region, using lipase enzyme as the catalyst. In recent years the exponential increase in the use of lipases have been observed in the biotechnology. Therefore, porcine pancreatic lipase and microbial lipase Candida rugosa as catalyst are used in lipase-catalyzed transesterification of sunflower oil with methanol. The reactions were carried on with porcine pancreatic lipase while pre-tests on Candida rugosa did not give result. All reactions have been realized in a thermostatic shaker. In the reactions were analyzed effects of oil/alcohol molar ratio, amount of enzyme, type of organic solvent, temperature and incubation times and the optimal values were determinated. The final mixtures obtained in the reactions were analyzed with TLC for qualitative analysis. Hexane: diethyl ether: acetic acid (80:20:1) was used as solvent. Sunflower oil, methyl esters of linoleic and oleic acids are used as standart. Fatty acid methyl esters (biodiesel) were analyzed with GC and yield conversions are determined. Key words: Biodiesel, transesterification, alcoholysis, methanolysis, porcine pancreatic lipase, fatty acid methyl ester. Year: 2003 Page: 72
Master Thesis Lipase-catalyzed Production of Biodiesel from Vegetable Oils Trakya University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Department of Chemistry SUMMARY Alternative energy resources has became an important research field because of exhausting petroleum resources and energy crises depending on that. One of the most concentrated alternative energy resource is biodiesel which can easily be obtained from sunflower, rapeseed and soybean oils. For this reason, the scientific research interested in biodiesel is concentrated on the various oils extracted from plants and the catalysts used in. In this study it is aimed to obtain biodiesel from sunflower oil, which is widely grown agricultured product in Trakya Region, using lipase enzyme as the catalyst. In recent years the exponential increase in the use of lipases have been observed in the biotechnology. Therefore, porcine pancreatic lipase and microbial lipase Candida rugosa as catalyst are used in lipase-catalyzed transesterification of sunflower oil with methanol. The reactions were carried on with porcine pancreatic lipase while pre-tests on Candida rugosa did not give result. All reactions have been realized in a thermostatic shaker. In the reactions were analyzed effects of oil/alcohol molar ratio, amount of enzyme, type of organic solvent, temperature and incubation times and the optimal values were determinated. The final mixtures obtained in the reactions were analyzed with TLC for qualitative analysis. Hexane: diethyl ether: acetic acid (80:20:1) was used as solvent. Sunflower oil, methyl esters of linoleic and oleic acids are used as standart. Fatty acid methyl esters (biodiesel) were analyzed with GC and yield conversions are determined. Key words: Biodiesel, transesterification, alcoholysis, methanolysis, porcine pancreatic lipase, fatty acid methyl ester. Year: 2003 Page: 72
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Yüksek Lisans
Yüksek Lisans
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kimya, Chemistry
