Pestisitlerin vücut savunma sistemi enzimleri üzerine etkilerinin in vitro incelenmesi
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Date
2013
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Trakya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Abstract
Tarımda zararlılara karşı yaygın olarak kullanılan pestisitlerin, canlılar üzerinde birçok olumsuz etki yarattığı bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada, yaygın olarak kullanılan bazı pestisitlerin antioksidan savunma sistemi enzimlerinden katalaz, süperoksit dismutaz ve glutatyon peroksidaz enzim aktiviteleri üzerine etkileri ve bu etkinin 2-PAM ile rejenere edilebilirliği incelendi. Katalaz enzim aktivitesi üzerine pestisitlerin etkisinin ve bu etkinin 2-PAM ile rejenerasyonunun incelenmesi için yapılan denemeler sonucunda pestisitlerden lambda cyhaloetrin için 0.25-2.47 mM konsantrasyon aralığında katalaz enzim aktivitesi üzerine % 25-90 inhbisyon belirlenirken; bu inhibisyon 2-PAM ile % 13-30 rejenerasyon gösterdi. Malation 0.049-0.393 mM konsantrasyon aralığında % 1-88 inhibisyon ve 2-PAM ile % 2-12 rejenerasyon gösterdi. Deltametrin 0.002-0.021 mM konsantrasyon aralığında % 8-90 inhibisyon ve 2-PAM % 8-40 rejenerasyon gösterdi. Diklorvos 0.098-0.980 mM konsantrasyon aralığında % 50-92 inhibisyon ve 2-PAM ile rejenerasyon göstermedi. Süperoksit dismutaz enzim aktivitesi üzerine pestisitlerin etkisinin ve bu etkinin 2-PAM ile rejenerasyonunun incelenmesi için denemeler yapıldı. Pestisitlerden lambda cyhaloetrin 0.25-2.47 mM konsantrasyon aralığında süperoksit dismutaz enzim aktivitesi üzerine % 7-82 inhbisyon gösterdi. Malation 0.049-0.393 mM konsantrasyon aralığında % 17-93 inhibisyon gösterdi. Deltametrin 0.002-0.021 mM konsantrasyon aralığında % 35-9 inhibisyon gösterdi. Diklorvos 0.098-0.980 mM konsantrasyon aralığında % 10-50 inhibisyon gösterdi. 2-PAM ile yapılan rejenerasyon denemelerinde, çalışılan pestisitlerle muamele edildiğinde süperoksit dismutaz enziminin aktivitesindeki inhibisyonların rejenere olmadığı görüldü. Glutatyon peroksidaz enzim aktivitesi üzerine pestisitlerin etkisinin ve bu etkinin 2-PAM ile rejenerasyonu incelendi. Denemeler sonucunda, lambda cyhaloetrin 0.25-2.47 mM konsantrasyon aralığında glutatyon peroksidaz enzim aktivitesi üzerine % 2-45 inhbisyon gösterdi. Malation sadece 0.393 mM konsantrasyonda % 18 inhibisyon gösterdi. Deltametrin 0.002-0.021 mM konsantrasyon aralığında % 82-94 inhibisyon gösterdi. Diklorvos 0.098-0.980 mM konsantrasyon aralığında % 95-97 inhibisyon gösterdi. Çalışılan pestisitlerle inhibe olan glutatyon peroksidaz enziminin 2-PAM ile yapılan rejenerasyon denemelerinde rejenere olmadığı görüldü. Denemeler sonucunda, çalışılan üç enzim arasından, sadece katalaz enzimi tüm pestisitlerin artan konsantrasyonlarıyla doğru orantılı inhibisyon ve 2-PAM ile rejenerasyon gösterdi. Bu yüzden, tezin amaçlarından biri olan bazı pestisitlerin tayini için biyosensör geliştirilmesinde, çalışılan dört pestisit için de katalaz enzimi ile hazırlanan biyosensörün pestisitlerin tayininde kullanılabilirliği incelendi. Bunun için Pt elektrot üzerine anilin elektropolimerizasyonu yöntemi kullanılmasıyla katalaz immobilize edilerek biyosensör hazırlandı. Biyosensörün ön çalışmalarla katalaz aktivitesi kontrolleri yapıldıktan sonra dört pestisit ile inhibisyonları ve 2-PAM ile rejenerasyon denemeleri yapıldı. Sonuç olarak deltametrin ve diklorvos pestisitlerinin tayini için hazırlanan katalaz biyosensörünün kullanılabilir olduğu görüldü.Anahtar kelimeler : Katalaz, Süperoksit dismutaz, Glutatyon peroksidaz, pestisit, 2-PAM
Abstract
Pesticides used commonly in agriculture against pests, known to cause many adverse effects on organisms. In this study, the effects of some pesticides used commonly on antioxidant defense system enzymes including catalase, superoxide dismutase anda glutathione peroxidase and availability of regeneration of the effect with 2-PAM were investigated. As a result of assays carried out for investigation of the effects of pesticides on catalase activity and regeneration of these effects with 2-PAM, 0.25 - 2.47 mM concentration range for the lambda cyhalothrin showed 25 - 90 % inhibition and 13 - 30 % regeneration, respectively. 0.049 - 0.393 mM concentration range for malation showed 1 - 88 % inhibition and 12 - 2 % regeneration, respectively. 0.002-0.021 mM concentration range for deltamethrin, showed 8 - 90 % inhibition and 8 - 6 % regeneration, respectively. 0.098 - 0.980 mM concentration range for dichlorvos, showed 50-92 % inhibition, respectively and not to be regenerated with 2-PAM. As a result of assays for investigation of the effects of pesticides on superoxide dismutase and regeneration of these effects with 2-PAM, 0.25 - 2.47 mM concentration range for the lambda cyhalothrin showed 7 - 82 % inhibition, respectively. 0.049 - 0.393 mM concentration range for malation showed 17 - 93 % inhibition, respectively. 0.002 - 0.021 mM concentration range for deltamethrin, showed 35 - 9 % inhibition, respectively. 0.098 - 0.980 mM concentration range for dichlorvos, showed 10 - 50 % inhibition, respectively. The regeneration operation of the superoxide dismutase treated with pesticide seems not to be regenerated with 2-PAM. As a result of assays for investigation of the effects of pesticides on superoxide dismutase and regeneration of these effects with 2-PAM, 0.25 - 2.47 mM concentration range for the lambda cyhalothrin showed 2 - 45 % inhibition, respectively. Only 0.393 mM concentration for malation showed 18 % inhibition. 0.002 - 0.021 mM concentration range for deltamethrin, showed 82 - 94 % inhibition, respectively. 0.098 - 0.980 mM concentration range for dichlorvos, showed 95 - 97 % inhibition, respectively. From the regeneration operation of the superoxide dismutase treated with pesticide, were seen not to be regenerated with 2-PAM. As a result of assays, between the three enzymes, only catalase enzyme showed lineer inhibition with increasing concentration of all pesticides and regeneration with 2-PAM. One of the aims of the thesis that for the investigation of a biosensor for determination of some pesticides, for studied four pesticides prepared biosensor by the catalase enzyme was investigated for determination of pesticides. For this; the biosensor was prepared by using aniline electropolymerization on Pt electrode and immobilization of catalase. With preliminary studies of biosensor, after controlling catalase activity, the inhibiton with four pesticides and regeneration with 2-PAM were performed. As a result, catalase biosensor prepared for the determination of pesticides were found to be available for determination of deltamethrin and dichlorvos.Keywords : Catalase, Superoxide dismutase, Glutathione peroxidase, pesticide, 2-PAM
Abstract
Pesticides used commonly in agriculture against pests, known to cause many adverse effects on organisms. In this study, the effects of some pesticides used commonly on antioxidant defense system enzymes including catalase, superoxide dismutase anda glutathione peroxidase and availability of regeneration of the effect with 2-PAM were investigated. As a result of assays carried out for investigation of the effects of pesticides on catalase activity and regeneration of these effects with 2-PAM, 0.25 - 2.47 mM concentration range for the lambda cyhalothrin showed 25 - 90 % inhibition and 13 - 30 % regeneration, respectively. 0.049 - 0.393 mM concentration range for malation showed 1 - 88 % inhibition and 12 - 2 % regeneration, respectively. 0.002-0.021 mM concentration range for deltamethrin, showed 8 - 90 % inhibition and 8 - 6 % regeneration, respectively. 0.098 - 0.980 mM concentration range for dichlorvos, showed 50-92 % inhibition, respectively and not to be regenerated with 2-PAM. As a result of assays for investigation of the effects of pesticides on superoxide dismutase and regeneration of these effects with 2-PAM, 0.25 - 2.47 mM concentration range for the lambda cyhalothrin showed 7 - 82 % inhibition, respectively. 0.049 - 0.393 mM concentration range for malation showed 17 - 93 % inhibition, respectively. 0.002 - 0.021 mM concentration range for deltamethrin, showed 35 - 9 % inhibition, respectively. 0.098 - 0.980 mM concentration range for dichlorvos, showed 10 - 50 % inhibition, respectively. The regeneration operation of the superoxide dismutase treated with pesticide seems not to be regenerated with 2-PAM. As a result of assays for investigation of the effects of pesticides on superoxide dismutase and regeneration of these effects with 2-PAM, 0.25 - 2.47 mM concentration range for the lambda cyhalothrin showed 2 - 45 % inhibition, respectively. Only 0.393 mM concentration for malation showed 18 % inhibition. 0.002 - 0.021 mM concentration range for deltamethrin, showed 82 - 94 % inhibition, respectively. 0.098 - 0.980 mM concentration range for dichlorvos, showed 95 - 97 % inhibition, respectively. From the regeneration operation of the superoxide dismutase treated with pesticide, were seen not to be regenerated with 2-PAM. As a result of assays, between the three enzymes, only catalase enzyme showed lineer inhibition with increasing concentration of all pesticides and regeneration with 2-PAM. One of the aims of the thesis that for the investigation of a biosensor for determination of some pesticides, for studied four pesticides prepared biosensor by the catalase enzyme was investigated for determination of pesticides. For this; the biosensor was prepared by using aniline electropolymerization on Pt electrode and immobilization of catalase. With preliminary studies of biosensor, after controlling catalase activity, the inhibiton with four pesticides and regeneration with 2-PAM were performed. As a result, catalase biosensor prepared for the determination of pesticides were found to be available for determination of deltamethrin and dichlorvos.Keywords : Catalase, Superoxide dismutase, Glutathione peroxidase, pesticide, 2-PAM
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Doktora Tezi
Keywords
Katalaz, Süperoksit Dismutaz, Glutatyon Peroksidaz, Pestisit, 2- PAM, Catalase, Superoxide Dismutase, Glutathione Peroxidase, Pesticide
