Bazı gemini surfaktantların sistematik incelenmesi
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2016
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmada, laboratuvarımızda sentezlenen aril bağlayıcı gruplu katyonik Gemini surfaktantlar, amit fonksiyonlu katyonik Gemini surfaktant ve bazı katyonik Gemini surfaktantların fizikokimyasal özellikleri incelendi. Surfaktantların kritik misel konsantrasyonları (KMK), Krafft sıcaklıkları, viskoziteleri ve agregasyon sayıları konduktometre, viskozimetre ve floresans spektrofotometresi kullanılarak belirlendi. Aril bağlayıcı gruplu saf katyonik Gemini surfaktantların Krafft sıcaklıkları ve KMK değerleri konduktometrik yöntem ile tayin edildi. Krafft sıcaklıkları yüksek bulunan surfaktantların sıcaklıklarını düşürmek için bazı yöntemler uygulandı. Amit fonksiyonlu saf katyonik Gemini surfaktanttın konduktometrik ve spektrofotometrik yöntemle KMK değerleri bulundu. Floresans spektrofotometresi ölçümleri ile de saf surfaktant çözeltisinin agregasyon sayısı 4.5 mM konsantrasyonda 30 olarak hesaplandı. Tüm surfaktantların misel iyonlaşma dereceleri (?) ve miselleşme Gibbs serbest enerjileri ( ) iletkenlik ölçümlerinden faydalanılarak belirlendi. Karışık amit fonksiyonlu katyonik Gemini / Triton X-100 çözeltilerinin KMK değerleri incelendiğinde Triton X-100 molar kesirleri artarken KMK değerlerinin azaldığı ve agregasyon sayılarının ise arttığı görüldü. Ayrıca bazı katyonik Gemini ve noniyonik surfaktantların spektrofotometrik yöntem ile agregasyon sayıları bulundu, bazı termodinamik parametreleri hesaplandı ve sonuçlar yorumlandı.
In this study, the physicochemical properties of cationic Gemini surfactants with aryl spacer groups and cationic Gemini surfactants with amide functional group which synthesized in our laboratory and certain conventional cationic surfactants have been examined. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of surfactants, Krafft temperatures, viscosity, and aggregation numbers were determined by using conductivity, viscosity and fluorescence spectrophotometry. Krafft temperatures and CMC values for cationic Gemini surfactants with aryl spacer groups were determined with the conductometric method. Some methods were applied to reduce Krafft temperatures for surfactants with very high Krafft temperature. Using the conductometric and spectrophotometric method, CMC values of cationic Gemini surfactants with amide functional group were found. The micelle aggregation numbers of pure surfactant solutions were calculated with fluorescence spectro- photometer measurements as 30 at 4.5 mM concentration. The micelle ionization degree (?) and the Gibbs free energy of micellization ( ) were calculated by using the conductivity measurements for all surfactant. When we examined the micelle aggregation numbers and CMC values of mixed surfactant solution systems (cationic Gemini surfactants with amide functional group / Triton X-100 ), it is seen that the CMC values decreased and the aggregation numbers increased while the molar concentration of TritonX-100 is increasing. Furthermore, the micelle aggregation numbers of some cationic Gemini surfactants were found with the spectrophotometric method and certain physicochemical values were calculated and results compared to the other surfactants.
In this study, the physicochemical properties of cationic Gemini surfactants with aryl spacer groups and cationic Gemini surfactants with amide functional group which synthesized in our laboratory and certain conventional cationic surfactants have been examined. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of surfactants, Krafft temperatures, viscosity, and aggregation numbers were determined by using conductivity, viscosity and fluorescence spectrophotometry. Krafft temperatures and CMC values for cationic Gemini surfactants with aryl spacer groups were determined with the conductometric method. Some methods were applied to reduce Krafft temperatures for surfactants with very high Krafft temperature. Using the conductometric and spectrophotometric method, CMC values of cationic Gemini surfactants with amide functional group were found. The micelle aggregation numbers of pure surfactant solutions were calculated with fluorescence spectro- photometer measurements as 30 at 4.5 mM concentration. The micelle ionization degree (?) and the Gibbs free energy of micellization ( ) were calculated by using the conductivity measurements for all surfactant. When we examined the micelle aggregation numbers and CMC values of mixed surfactant solution systems (cationic Gemini surfactants with amide functional group / Triton X-100 ), it is seen that the CMC values decreased and the aggregation numbers increased while the molar concentration of TritonX-100 is increasing. Furthermore, the micelle aggregation numbers of some cationic Gemini surfactants were found with the spectrophotometric method and certain physicochemical values were calculated and results compared to the other surfactants.
Açıklama
Yüksek Lisans
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kimya, Chemistry
