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Öğe The Acute Effect of Fructose on Cardiac Hemodynamic Responses and Infarcted Area in Isolated Rat Heart During Ischemia-Reperfusion(2023) Palabıyık, Orkide; Aydın, Muhammed Ali; Değer, Ecem Büşra; Korkmaz, Selçuk; Vardar, Selma ArzuIntroduction: This study aimed to investigate the effects of fructose on cardiac hemodynamics and infarct size and the role of the antioxidant mechanism in these effects in isolated rat hearts undergoing ischemiareperfusion. Patients and Methods: Isolated hearts obtained from female Wistar rats were perfused with Krebs-Henseleit solution containing 12 mM glucose or solution containing 12 mM fructose or 48 mM fructose and underwent lowflow ischemia followed by reperfusion on the Langendorff apparatus. Left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), timedependent pressure changes (dp/dt max, dp/dt min) and heart rates were recorded at the 1st, 15th and 120th minutes of reperfusion following ischemia, and the percentage of the infarct area and the size of the risk area were determined. At the end of the reperfusion, total oxidant capacity (TOS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were examined in perfusion fluid samples. Results: Basal dp/dt max values were lower in the high fructose group compared to the glucose group (p= 0.032). When the hearts were perfused with 12 mM fructose, a significant increase was observed in the percentage of the ischemic area and risk area compared to equivalent glucose and high fructose (p< 0.001 and p< 0.001, respectively). MDA, GSH and TOS values were comparable in all groups. Conclusion: The present study shows that fructose perfusion plays a role in reduced ventricular contractile function relative to glucose in isolated rat hearts. This reduction triggered by fructose appears to be independent of antioxidant mechanisms. Furthermore, fructose perfusion at glucose-equivalent concentration causes a greater increase in infarct area in ischemic hearts, whereas an increase in fructose concentration appears to prevent this effect.Öğe Acute Effects of Intermittent Exercise Performed at Anaerobic Threshold Level on Vascular Function in Healthy Young Men(Wiley, 2019) Sen, Burcu; Solak, Serdar; Tayfur, Pinar; Aydogdu, Nurettin; Sut, Necdet; Vardar, Selma Arzu[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Alteration in cardiac PI3K/Akt/mTOR and ERK signaling pathways with the use of growth hormone and swimming, and the roles of miR21 and miR133(Spandidos Publ Ltd, 2019) Palabiyik, Orkide; Tastekln, Ebru; Doganlar, Zeynep Banu; Tayfur, Pinar; Dogan, Ayten; Vardar, Selma ArzuAthletes misuse recombinant human growth hormone (r-hGH) to enhance their performance. Although r-hGH is known to increase cardiac hypertrophy, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of r-hGH in cardiac intracellular signaling pathways and of miR-21 and miR-133 expression in rat hearts during exercise. A total of 36 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sedentary control (SC, n=9), swimming exercise (SE, n=8), r-hGH (GH, n=10) and swimming exercise plus r-hGH (SE-GH, n=9) groups. The exercise groups completed a 1-h swimming exercise 5 times a week for 8 weeks. Subcutaneous r-hGH was administered as 0.3 mg/kg/day. Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), serine/threonine protein kinase 1 (AKT1), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), microRNA (miR)-21 and miR-133 expression was evaluated in ventricular muscle by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Protein expression of PI3K, AKT1, ERK and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) was also assessed by immunohistochemistry. Statistical differences were analyzed by two-way ANOVA. PI3K and AKT1 expression and the gene and protein levels was notably increased in the SE-GH group compared with in SC ventricular tissues (P<0.05). mTOR protein expression was higher in the GH, SE and SE-GH groups compared with in the SC group (P<0.05, <0.05 and <0.001, respectively). ERK gene/protein expression was similar across all groups. miR-21 and miR-133 levels in ventricular muscle were higher in the SE and GH groups than those in the SC group. In summary, growth hormone application coupled with swimming exercise appeared to affect the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in the left ventricular tissue of rats; however, ERK signaling pathway appeared inactive in physiological left ventricular hypertrophy caused by swimming and GH administration over 8 weeks. Furthermore, GH treatment resulted in increased miR-21 and miR-133 expression. Future study by our group will aim to assess the effects of higher dose GH treatment.Öğe The alteration of asymmetric dimetilarginine (ADMA) levels in cardiac and gastrocnemius muscles following radioactive iodine application in guinea pigs and the effect of L-carnitine on this alteration(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2011) Vardar, Selma Arzu; Gunduz, Ozgur; Altun, Gulay Durmus; Aydogdu, Nurettin; Karadag, Hakan; Torun, Nese; Kaya, OktayPurpose: Tissue levels of asymmetric dimetilarginine (ADMA) and symmetric dimetilarginine (SDMA) were investigated in cardiac ventricle and gastrocnemius muscles of guinea pigs treated with radioactive iodine (RAI) alone or in combination with L-carnitine (LC). Material and methods: Group 1 received no treatment (control group). Group 2 received a total dose of 30 mCi(-1)kg(-1) body weight iodine-131 alone. Group 3 received 200 mg(-1)kg(-1) of LC for 10 days alone. Group 4 received 200 mg(-1)kg(-1) of LC plus RAI therapy. Free thyroid hormones, ADMA and SDMA concentrations were measured. Results: Serum free thyroid hormone concentrations were found decreased in the RAI and LC-RAI groups after RAI application. A significant decrease in ADMA and SDMA concentration was observed in ventricle muscle following RAI application. The LC-RAI group had significantly decreased ADMA levels in ventricle muscle compared with those of the control group. Similarly, SDMA concentrations in ventricle and gastrocnemius muscles of the LC-RAI groups were significantly lower than those of the control groups. Conclusions: Our results indicated that RAI appears to exert an inhibitory effect on ADMA and SDMA levels of ventricular muscle. LC administration when given adjuvant to RAI therapy may cause a marked decrease in ADMA concentrations of both ventricular and gastrocnemius muscles.Öğe The alteration of NTproCNP plasma levels following anaerobic exercise in physically active young men(Turkish Soc Cardiology, 2015) Temur, Hilal Akseki; Vardar, Selma Arzu; Demir, Muzaffer; Palabiyik, Orkide; Karaca, Aziz; Guksu, Zuhal; Ortanca, ArifObjective: Amino-terminal propeptide of C-type natriuretic peptide (NTproCNP) is a synthesis product of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). In this study, plasma levels of NTproCNP were compared before and after exercise in healthy young subjects who are physically active (PA) or not physically active (NPA). Methods: The study was carried on PA group (n=10) who defined the exercise duration more than 2.5 hours per week for at least one year and NPA group (n=10) whose exercise duration was lower than 1.5 hours per week. The level of maximal oxygen consumption was determined. Wingate exercise test was applied on the following day. Plasma NTproCNP levels were measured before the exercise and at the 1st, 5th and 30th minute after the exercise. Results: Exercise duration of physically active group was reported as 11.3 +/- 5.0 hours per week. Basal NTproCNP levels of the groups were found to be comparable. NTproCNP levels in the 5th minute (0.93 +/- 0.23 pmol/L; p<0.05) and in the 30th minute (0.77 +/- 0.21 pmol/L p<0.05) after exercise were higher than the levels before exercise (0.64 +/- 0.29 pmol/L) in PA group. Additionally, the plasma levels of NTproCNP after 5th minute of exercise were higher in PA group (0.93 +/- 0.23 pmol/L) than NPA group (0.74 +/- 0.16 pmol/L, p<0.05). Conclusion: Being physically active may be a fact affecting the secretion of CNP, which plays a protective role in endothelium, following exercise.Öğe The Alteration of Plasma Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Levels Induced by Postural Changes in Archery Athletes(Aves Yayincilik, Ibrahim Kara, 2010) Vardar, Selma Arzu; Aktoz, Meryem; Karakusoglu, Ozgul; Kunduracilar, HakanObjectives: The aim of this study was to investigate plasma atrial natriuretic peptid levels in sitting and supine positions and cardiac functions in young male archery athletes. Materials and Methods: Six archery athletes and 10 sedentary males volunteered to participate in the study. Venous blood samples were taken after 10 minutes sitting and after 10 minutes in supine position. Plasma ANP levels were measured by the ELISA method. Cardiac parameters were assessed by echocardiography. Results: Plasma ANP levels in sitting position were higher in archery athletes (72.12+/-14.01 pg/ml) than sedentaries (36.22+/-14.51 pg/ml; p<0.01). Similarly, plasma ANP levels in supine position (124.41+/-14.66 pg/ml) were significantly higher in the athletes than sedentaries (36.95+/-9.83 pg/ml). Plasma ANP levels were higher in supine position than those in sitting position in archery athletes (p<0.01). No significant increase in plasma ANP levels were found in supine position than sitting position in sedentary group. Echocardiographic parameters were similar in athletes and sedentary subjects. Conclusion: It is concluded that regular archery exercises without prominent functional and morphological alterations in the heart may cause differences in plasma ANP levels. Marked posture-related alterations may occur in plasma ANP levels of trained archery athletes.Öğe Atriyal natriüretik peptid infüzyonunun izole sıçan kalbinde iskemi sonrası oluşturduğu hemodinamik değişikliklerde egzersizin rolü(2015) Vardar, Selma Arzu; Palabıyık, Orkide; Yalta, Tülin; Özen, Serap Topçu; Guksu, Zuhal; Topuz, Ruhan Deniz; Karadağ, Çetin HakanBu çalışmada düşük akımlı iskemi sonrası reperfüzyon döneminde atriyal natriüretik peptid (ANP) uygulamasının sol ventrikül hemodinamik yanıtlarına etkisi ve bu etkide egzersizin rolü araştırıldı. Gereç ve yöntem: Çalışmada yer alan tüm sıçanlara 60 dakika düşük akımlı iskemi ve takiben 120 dk reperfüzyon uygulandı. Egzersiz (E) gruplarına ardışık olarak beş gün süreyle yürüyüş egzersizini takiben iskemi ve reperfüzyon uygulandı. Reperfüzyonun ilk 15 dakikasında 0.1 ?M/L ANP infüzyonu yapılan iki grup; ANP (n=6) ve Egzersiz-ANP (n=6) gruplarını oluşturdu. Tüm gruplarda sol ventrikül gelişim basıncı (SVGB), maksimum ve minimum sol ventrikül basınç değişim oranları (+dP/dt and -dP/dt) kaydedildi. Bulgular: Kontrol (K), E, ANP ve E-ANP gruplarının SVGB, +dp/dt, -dp/dt ve kalp hızı değerleri iskemi öncesinde ve iskemi sonrası reperfüzyonun 1, 60 ve 120. dakikalarında karşılaştırıldığında gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık göstermedi. Benzer şekilde infarkt alanlarının yüzde değerleri karşılaştırıldığında dört grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık bulunmadı. Sonuç: Kısa süreli yoğun egzersiz, reperfüzyon döneminde ANP uygulamasına bağlı kardiyak kontraktilitede oluşan değişimleri etkilememektedirÖğe Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis(Galenos Yayincilik, 2007) Vardar, Selma Arzu[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in patients with Wegener’s granulomatosis(2007) Vardar, Selma Arzu[Abstract Nıt Available]Öğe The comparison of endothelial function of moderate intensity interval exercise with continuous exercise in healthy men(Elsevier, 2022) Meric, Burcu; Solak, Serdar; Aydogdu, Nurettin; Sut, Necdet; Vardar, Selma ArzuBackground/aim: Exercise enhances endothelium-dependent vasodilation; however, it is unclear whether intermittent exercise has a different effect on vascular endothelial function compared to continuous exercise. This study aimed to compare vascular endothelial function following intermittent exercise including short rest intervals with continuous exercise, both at the anaerobic threshold level. Materials and methods: Peak oxygen consumption (VO2 peak) and anaerobic threshold were measured in physically active healthy young men (n = 12) by breath-by-breath analysis. After completion of intermittent exercise consisting of eight 1-min long intervals at the anaerobic threshold intensity with 75-s rest periods, total work was calculated. Equivalent work was done during continuous exercise. Immediately after the two exercise periods, venous blood lactate, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), endothelin-1, N-terminal proANP (NTproANP), N-terminal proBNP (NTproBNP), and N-terminal proCNP (NTproCNP) levels were measured. Brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) was measured before exercise and 30 min after exercise. Results: Mean VO2 peak level was 33.42 +/- 5.9 ml/min/kg and anaerobic threshold level was 47.33 +/- 5.85%. Lactate levels following continuous exercise were higher than levels following intermittent exercise (27.76 +/- 7.43 mg/dl, 18.54 +/- 4.87 mg/dl respectively; p.0.05). Endothelin-1, eNOS, NTproANP, NTproBNP, and NTproCNP levels were similar after both modalities of exercise (p > 0.05). No significant difference was found in FMD response when comparing intermittent and continuous exercise (7.05 +/- 15.11%, 2.49 +/- 16.24% respectively; p > 0.05). Conclusion: Since blood lactate levels are higher following continuous exercise, individuals who find difficulty exercising may prefer an intermittent form of exercise. However, both intermittent and continuous exercise at the anaerobic threshold level seem to not produce a significant acute change in endothelial function in healthy men.Öğe The Comparison of Ergogenic Substance Use According To Physical Activity Levels in University Students(Wiley, 2022) Varlik, Ovgu Gunes; Sekerci, Gorkem; Akaltin, Mert; Firat, Nihayet; Sut, Necdet; Vardar, Selma Arzu[Abstract Not Available]Öğe The Effect of a High-Protein Diet and Exercise on Cardiac AQP7 and GLUT4 Gene Expression(Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2016) Palabiyik, Orkide; Karaca, Aziz; Tastekin, Ebru; Yamasan, Bilge Eren; Tokuc, Burcu; Sipahi, Tammam; Vardar, Selma ArzuHigh-protein (HP) diets are commonly consumed by athletes despite their potential health hazard, which is postulated to enforce a negative effect on bone and renal health. However, its effects on heart have not been known yet. Aquaporin-7 (AQP7) is an aquaglyceroporin that facilitates glycerol and water transport. Glycerol is an important cardiac energy production substrate, especially during exercise, in conjunction with fatty acids and glucose. Glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) is an insulin-sensitive glucose transporter in heart. We aimed to investigate the effect of HPD on AQP7 and GLUT4 levels in the rat heart subjected to exercise. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control (n = 12), exercise (E) training (n = 10), HPD (n = 12), and HPD-E training (n = 9) groups. The HPD groups were fed a 45 % protein-containing diet 5 weeks. The HPD-E and E groups were performed the treadmill exercise during the 5-week study period. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry techniques were used to determine the gene expression and localization of AQP7 and GLUT4 in heart tissue. Results of relative gene expression were calculated by the 'Pfaffl' mathematical method using the REST program. Differences in AQP7 and GLUT4 gene expression were expressed as fold change compared to the control group. Heart weight/tibia ratio and ventricular wall thickness were evaluated as markers of cardiac hypertrophy. Further, serum glucose, glycerol, and insulin levels were also measured. AQP7 gene expression was found to be increased in the E (3.47-fold, p < 0.001), HPD (5.59-fold, p < 0.001), and HPD-E (3.87-fold, p < 0.001) groups compared to the control group. AQP7 protein expression was also increased in the HPD and HPD-E groups (p < 0.001). Additionally, cardiac mRNA expression levels of GLUT4 showed a significant increase in the E (2.16-fold, p < 0.003), HPD (7.14-fold, p < 0.001), and HPD-E (3.43-fold, p < 0.001) groups compared to the control group. GLUT4 protein expression was significantly increased in the E, HPD, and HPD-E groups compared to the control group (p = 0.024, p < 0.001, and p < 0.001, respectively). Furthermore, Serum glucose levels were significantly different between groups (p < 0.005). This difference was observed between the HPD groups and normal-protein diet groups (C and E). Serum insulin levels were higher for HPD groups compared with the normal-protein diet groups (p < 0.001), whereas no differences were observed between the exercise and sedentary groups (p = 0.111). Serum glycerol levels were significantly increased in the HPD groups compared with control and E groups (p < 0.05 and p < 0.05, respectively). Consumption of HPD supplementation caused the increased effects on AQP7 and GLUT4 expression in rat heart.Öğe Effect of exercise on ADMA level in type 2 diabetes mellitus(2012) Taşkıran, Bengür; Uğur, Betül Altun; Vardar, Selma Arzu; Demir, Ahmet Muzaffer; Karadağ, Çetin Hakan; Altun, ArmağanAmaç: Simetri (SDMA) ve asimetri dimetil argininde (ADMA)artış endotelyal disfonksiyona işaret eder. Bu projenini amacı tip 2 diabetes mellitusta egzersizden sonraki düzeylerini incelemektir. Hastalar ve Yöntemler: Tip 2 DM bulunan 36 kadın ve 44 sağlıklı kadın dahil edildi. Sırasıyla 14 ve 19'u 4 haftalık orta yoğunlukta egzersize alındı. Başlangıçta, ilk egzersiz seansından sonra ve bir ay sonra plazmada SDMA, ADMA ve L-arginin düzeyleri HPLC yöntemiyle ölçüldü. Bulgular: Her iki grupta da tüm ölçümler normal aralıktaydı ve ne egzersizden sonra ne de bir ayın sonunda belirgin olarak değişmedi. Egzersiz yapan sağlıklı grupta bir ayın sonunda L-arginin/ADMA ve L-arginin/SDMA oranları başlangıç değerlerine göre belirgin olarak yüksek bulundu (sırasıyla, p<0.022 ve 0.017). Bir aylık egzersizin sonunda, ilk egzersiz seansı sonundaki değerlere göre oranlar diyabetiklerde arttı ve sağlıklı kişilerde azaldı. Sonuç: Mutlak değerlerden ziyade L-arginin/ADMA ve L-arginin/SDMA oranlarının kullanılması gerektiğini düşünüyoruz. Sağlıklı kişilerde egzersizin yararlı etkileri açısından bu moleküllerin önemli rolü bulunurken diyabetiklerde bu rol çok azdır.Öğe The Effect of Fructose Administration on Myocardial Infarct Area and Hemodynamic Responses in Ischemia-Reperfusion Model in Isolated Rat(Wiley, 2022) Palabiyik, Orkide; Aydin, Muhammed Ali; Deger, Ecem Busra; Korkmaz, Selcuk; Vardar, Selma Arzu[Abstract Not Available]Öğe The effect of fructose rich diet and voluntary physical activity on cardiac hemodynamic responses during ischemia and reperfusion of isolated rat heart(Wiley-Blackwell, 2016) Vardar, Selma Arzu; Tayfur, Pinar; Palabiyik, Orkide; Tastekin, Ebru; Uzun, Nursen; Sut, Necdet[Abstract Not Available]Öğe The effect of growth hormone and/or swimming exercise on PI3K, AKT, PTEN and miR21 expressions in rats(Wiley-Blackwell, 2016) Palabiyik, Orkide; Tastekin, Ebru; Doganlar, Zeynep Banu; Tayfur, Pinar; Vardar, Selma Arzu[Abstract Not Available]Öğe The effect of high protein diet and exercise on irisin, eNOS, and iNOS expressions in kidney(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2016) Tastekin, Ebru; Palabiyik, Orkide; Ulucam, Enis; Uzgur, Selda; Karaca, Aziz; Vardar, Selma Arzu; Yilmaz, AliLong-term effects of high protein diets (HPDs) on kidneys are still not sufficiently studied. Irisin which increases oxygen consumption and thermogenesis in white fat cells was shown in skeletal muscles and many tissues. Nitric oxide synthases (NOS) are a family of enzymes catalyzing the production of nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine. We aimed to investigate the effects of HPD, irisin and NO expression in kidney and relation of them with exercise and among themselves. Animals were grouped as control, exercise, HPD and exercise combined with HPD (exercise-HPD). Rats were kept on a HPD for 5 weeks and an exercise program was given them as 5 exercise and 2 rest days per week exercising on a treadmill with increasing speed and angle. In our study, while HPD group had similar total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels with control group, exercise and exercise-HPD groups had lower levels (p<0.05). Kidneys of exercising rats had no change in irisin or eNOS expression but their iNOS expression had increased (p<0.001). HPD-E group has not been observed to cause kidney damage and not have a significant effect on rat kidney irisin, eNOS, or iNOS expression. Localization of irisin, eNOS, and iNOS staining in kidney is highly selective and quite clear in this study. Effects of exercise and HPD on kidney should be evaluated with different exercise protocols and contents of the diet. risin, eNOS, and iNOS staining localizations should be supported with various research studies.Öğe The effect of high-fructose feeding on hemodynamic behavior and infarct size of isolated rat hearts subjected to low-flow ischemia.(2022) Özen, Serap Topçu; Palabıyık, Orkide; Guksu, Zuhal; Aslan, Enver; Tosunoğlu, Esra Akbaş; Süt, Necdet; Vardar, Selma ArzuObjective: This study aimed to investigate the potentially deleterious effect of in vivo high-fructose feeding of rats on ex vivo hemodynamic recovery and infarct size of isolated rat hearts subjected to low-flow ischemia and reperfusion. Methods: After feeding Sprague-Dawley male rats with a high-fructose (n=9), high-glucose (n=9), or a standard diet (n=9) for four weeks, the hearts were extirpated and perfused ex vivo with a Krebs-Henseleit solution for 15 minutes; after that, the hearts were subjected to low-flow (0.3 ml/ minute) ischemia during 30 minutes followed by 60 minutes reperfusion. Left developed ventricular pressure, maximum and minimum rate changes of left ventricular pressure, and heart rate were recorded before ischemia and after reperfusion. The Infarct area was measured at the end of the reperfusion period. Results: The relative myocardial infarct size did not differ between the three groups in isolated hearts subjected to ex vivo low-flow ischemia followed by 60 minutes of reperfusion. Post-ischemic cardiac contractile recovery appeared complete in the high-fructose and high-glucose groups at 60 minutes of reperfusion. In contrast, the left developed ventricular pressure and minimum rate change of left ventricular pressure were still depressed at the end of 60 minutes of reperfusion in the control group. Conclusion: High-fructose diet in rats appears to positively affect the recovery of left ventricular contractile function after low-flow ischemia, compared to a standard diet, without a difference in relative myocardial infarct size. Similar results were obtained in the high-glucose-fed rats.Öğe The Effect of Isatin on Cardiac Hemodynamic Function in Physically Active Rats(Wiley, 2023) Vardar, Selma Arzu; Aydin, Muhammed Ali; Palabiyik, Orkide; Deger, Ecem Busra; Tosunoglu, Esra Akbas; Firat, Nihayet; Sut, Necdet[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Effect of Prepubertal High Intensity Training on Bone Mineral Content in Young Adult Period of Female and Male Rats(Wiley-Blackwell, 2015) Altun, Gulay Durmus; Vardar, Selma Arzu; Turan, Nesrin; Yaprak, Mevlut[Abstract Not Available]
