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Öğe Expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 in transitional cell bladder cancers: Is it a good predictor for tumor behavior?(2003) Doganay L.; Altaner S.; Bilgi S.; Kaya E.; Ekuklu G.; Kutlu K.Objectives: Progression of the cell cycle is regulated by the interactions of cyclins, cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) and CDK inhibitors (CDKIs). p27 is a member of the universal cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor family. The level of p27 protein expression decreases during tumor development and progression in some epithelial, lymphoid and endocrine tissues. It has been suggested that p27 is an independent prognostic factor in various human cancers. The prognostic value of p27 protein expression is not completely understood in bladder cancer yet. Aims: To investigate the immunohistochemical expression of p27 in transitional cell bladder cancers and its relationship with clinicopathological data, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and p53 oncoprotein immunoreactivity. Methods: The expression of p27 protein was immunohistochemically analyzed in paraffin-embedded specimens of 75 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. p27 expression was compared with tumor grade, stage, growth pattern, disease-free survival, progression, PCNA and p53 immunoreactivity. Results: Expression of p27 was not significantly related to clinicopathologic parameters, disease-free survival, progression, PCNA and p53 immunoreactivity. Conclusion: The results indicate that p27 is not a good predictor for outcome of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. © 2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers.Öğe A life-threatening infection: Fournier's gangrene(2002) Atakan I.H.; Kaplan M.; Kaya E.; Aktoz T.; Inci O.Fournier's gangrene is a life-threatening disorder in which infection of the perineum and scrotum spreads along fascial planes, causing soft tissue necrosis. If urgent surgery is delayed, the disease will soon result in septic shock, multiorgan failure, and death. In this study, we present 21 patients with Founder's gangrene who were treated in period between 1994 and 2001. Patients' charts were reviewed retrospectively and are discussed in the light of literature. All patients received aggressive surgical debridment. Penicillin or Ceftriaxone, aminoglicoside and metronidazole were administered intravenously. Of the 21 patients, 5 had scrotal carbuncle, 1 had urethral stricture, 1 had chronic indwelling urethral catheterization, 2 had perirectal abscess, and 1 had hemorrhoidectomy. In eleven patients we couldn't identify any cause. Twelve patients had diabetes mellitus, and two had chronic alcoholism. Escherichia coli was isolated in 12 purulent tissue cultures, and Bacteroides fragilis in eight. Seventeen patients survived, whereas four died. Founder's gangrene is considered a surgical emergency. Early surgical intervention is essential, as the gangrene can spread rapidly at rates reaching 2 mm per hour. So that Founder's gangrene is an abrupt, rapidly progressive, gangrenous infection of the external genitalia and perineum and is a real urologic emergency.Öğe Paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma in a 2-year-old boy(2003) Kaya E.; Atakan I.H.; Kaplan M.; Bilgi S.Paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare but highly malign tumor. We report a case of paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma and discuss the management of this neoplasm in the light of the literature.
