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Öğe Antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects of erdosteine in a rat model of ovarian ischemia-reperfusion injury(Mashhad Univ Med Sciences, 2017) Ugurel, Vedat; Cicek, Ahmet Cagatay; Cemek, Mustafa; Demirtas, Selim; Kocaman, A. Tuba; Karaca, TuranObjective(s): To evaluate the protective effect of erdosteine, an antiapoptotic and antioxidant agent, on torsion-detorsion evoked histopathological changes in experimental ovarian ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Materials and Methods: Eighteen female Wistar albino rats were used in control, IR, and IR+Edosteine (IR-E) groups, (n=6 in each). The IR-E group received the erdosteine for seven days before the induction of torsion/retorsion, (10 mg/kg/days). The IR and IR-E groups were exposed to right unilateral adnexal torsion for 3 hr. Three hours later, re-laparotomy was performed, and the right ovaries were surgically excised. Oxidant and antioxidants levels were determined in serum. The ovarian tissue samples were received and fixed with 10% neutral buffered formalin. The sections were stained with H&E, anti-PCNA, and TUNEL. Results: The IR group were showed severe acute inflammation, polynuclear leukocytes and macrophages, stromal oedema and haemorrhage. Treatment with erdosteine in rats significantly retained degenerative changes in the ovary PCNA (+) cell numbers were significantly decreased in the IR and IR-E groups unlike the control group. However, its numbers were significantly increased in the IR-E group unlike the IR group. TUNEL (+) cell numbers were significantly increased in the IR group unlike the control and the IR-E groups. In erdosteine treated group, TUNEL (+) cells were detected significantly less than the IR group (P<0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, erdosteine maybe a protective agent for ovarian damage and decreasing lipid peroxidation products and leukocytes aggregation after adnexal torsion in animals.Öğe Antioxidant and renoprotective effects of sphingosylphosphorylcholine on contrast-induced nephropathy in rats(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2016) Aksu, Feyza; Aksu, Burhan; Unlu, Nermin; Karaca, Turan; Ayvaz, Suleyman; Erman, Hayriye; Uzun, HafizeContrast induced nephropathy (CIN) is a major cause of morbidity, and increased costs as well as an increased risk of death. This study was evaluated effects of exogenous sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC) administration on CIN in rats. Eight animals were included in each of the following eight groups: control, control phosphate-buffered solution (PBS), control SPC 2, control SPC 10, CIN, CIN PBS, CIN SPC 2 and CIN SPC 10. The induced nephropathy was created by injected with 4g iodine/kg body weight. SPC was administered 3d at a daily two different doses of 2m/mL and 10m/mL intraperitoneally. The severity of renal injury score was determined by the histological and immunohistochemical changes in the kidney. Malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined to evaluate the oxidative status in the renal tissue. Treatment with 2 and 10M SPC inhibited the increase in renal MDA, NO levels significantly and also attenuated the depletion of SOD in the renal injuryCIN. These data were supported by histopathological findings. The inducible nitric oxide synthase positive cells and apoptotic cells in the renal tissue were observed to be reduced with the 2 and 10M SPC treatment. These findings suggested that 2 and 10M doses can attenuate renal damage in contrast nephropathy by prevention of oxidative stress and apoptosis. The low and high dose SPC may be a promising new therapeutic agent for CIN.Öğe Chronic Water-Pipe Smoke Exposure Induces Injurious Effects to Reproductive Systemin Male Mice(Frontiers Media Sa, 2017) Ali, Badreldin H.; Al Balushi, Khalid A.; Ashique, Mohammed; Shalaby, Asem; Al Kindi, Mohammed A.; Adham, Sirin A.; Karaca, TuranThere is a global increase in the popularity of water-pipe tobacco smoking including in Europe and North America. Nevertheless, little is known about the male reproductive effects of water-pipe smoke (WPS), especially after long-term exposure. Here, we assessed effects of WPS exposure (30min/day) in male mice for 6 months. Control mice were exposed to air-only for the same period of time. Twenty-four hours after the last exposure, testicular histopathology, and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress, and the tyrosine-protein kinase vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) were assessed in testicular homogenates. Moreover, plasma testosterone, estradiol, and luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations were also measured. Chronic WPS exposure induced a significant decrease of testosterone and estradiol, and a slight but significant increase of LH. Glutathione reductase, catalase, and ascorbic acid were significantly decreased following WPS exposure. Plasma concentration of leptin was significantly decreased by WPS exposure, whereas that of tumor necrosis factor a and interleukin 6 was significantly increased. Histopathological analysis of the testes revealed the presence of a marked reduction in the diameter of the seminiferous tubules with reduced spermatogenesis. Transmission electron microscopy examination showed irregular thickening and wrinkling of the basement membranes with abnormal shapes and structures of the spermatozoa. VEGFR1 was overexpressed in the testis of the mice exposed to WPS and was not detected in the control. The urine concentration of cotinine, the predominant metabolite of nicotine, was significantly increased in the WPS-exposed group compared with the control group. We conclude that chronic exposure to WPS induces damaging effects to the reproductive system in male mice. If this can be confirmed in humans, it would be an additional concern to an already serious public health problem, especially with the increased use ofWPS use all over the world, especially in young adults.Öğe Curcumin counteracts cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by preventing renal tubular cell apoptosis(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2016) Topcu-Tarladacalisir, Yeter; Sapmaz-Metin, Melike; Karaca, TuranCurcumin has several biological functions particularly antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. The aims of this study are determination of the protective effects of curcumin on cisplatin-induced renal tubular cell apoptosis and related pathways in kidney. Eighteen male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=6): the control, cisplatin (CP), and cisplatin+curcumin (CP+CUR). Acute renal damage was induced by single dose of cisplatin (7.5mg/kg) injected by intraperitoneally (i.p). The animals of curcumin-treated group were received daily 200mg/kg curcumin per os (po), starting from 2 days before the injection of cisplatin to the day of sacrifice. Forty-eight hours after cisplatin injection, samples of cardiac blood and kidneys were harvested from the animals. In this study, the major finding is that curcumin treatment ameliorates the following conditions associated with cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity: (1) the development of kidney injury (histopathology), (2) inflammatory responses [myeloperoxidase (MPO) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1), IL-6, IL-10 levels], (3) the degree of lipid peroxidation [malondialdehyde (MDA) level], (4) renal tubular cell apoptosis (active caspase-3) and expression of related proteins [p53, Fas, and Fas ligand (Fas-L)] by immunohistochemistry, (5) renal dysfunction (serum urea and creatinine). In a conclusion, this study suggests that curcumin has antiapoptotic effect against cisplatin nephrotoxicity, in addition to anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.Öğe Depression of glucose levels and partial restoration of pancreatic ?-cell damage by melatonin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats(Springer Heidelberg, 2006) Kanter, Mehmet; Uysal, Hamdi; Karaca, Turan; Sagmanligil, Hulya OzdemirDiabetes mellitus is a common but serious metabolic disorder associated with many functional and structural complications. Glucose metabolism is disturbed due to an absolute or relative insulin deficiency. The experiment was carried out to determine the effect of melatonin on blood glucose and insulin concentrations, and histopathology of pancreatic beta-cells in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The rats were randomly allocated into one of the four experimental groups: group A (control), group B (diabetic untreated), group C (diabetic treated with melatonin for 6 weeks) and group D (diabetic treated with melatonin for 8 weeks); each group contained ten animals. Diabetes was induced in B, C and D groups by a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of STZ (50 mg/kg, freshly dissolved in 5 mmol/l citrate buffer, pH 4.5). The rats in melatonin-treated groups were subjected to the daily i.p injection of 10 mg kg(-1) of melatonin for 6 or 8 weeks starting the day after STZ injection. Control and diabetic untreated rats were injected with the same volume of isotonic NaCl as the melatonin treated groups. Almost all insulin-positive beta-cells were degranulated, degenerated or necrotic in the STZ-treated rats leading to decrease in insulin secretion and an increase in blood glucose concentration. Melatonin treatment caused a sharp decrease in the elevated serum glucose, a slight increase in the lowered serum insulin concentrations and small partial regeneration/proliferation of beta-cells of islets. It is concluded that the hypoglycemic action of melatonin could be partly due to small amelioration in the beta-cells of pancreatic islets causing a slight increase in insulin secretion, it is mostly due to the extrapancreatic actions of the melatonin.Öğe Desferrioxamine effectively attenuates testicular tissue at the end of 3 h of ischemia but not in an equal period of reperfusion(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2014) Ayvaz, Suleyman; Inan, Mustafa; Aksu, Burhan; Karaca, Turan; Cemek, Mustafa; Ayaz, Ahmet; Basaran, Umit NusretObjective: To investigate the effect of desferrioxamine (DFX) on ipsilateral and contralateral testis damage caused by experimental testis torsion and detorsion. Materials and methods: Forty rats were divided into five groups (n = 8): control, torsion (T), torsion + desferrioxamine (T + DFX), torsion/detorsion (T/D), and torsion/detorsion + desferrioxamine (T/D + DFX). The right testes of the rats were subjected to torsion and detorsion for 3 h each. Thirty minutes before the application of torsion and detorsion, DFX (100 mg/kg) was administered intramuscularly. Blood samples and testicular tissues were examined using specific biochemical and histopathological methods. Results: Ipsilateral and contralateral testis tissue glutathione levels in the T group decreased compared with the control and T + DFX groups. Plasma glutathione peroxidase activity in the T, T/D, and T/D + DFX groups was lower than in the control group. Plasma catalase activity in the T and T/D groups decreased compared with the control group. Ipsilateral mean seminiferous tubule diameter of the T group was lower than that of the T + DFX group. The ipsilateral mean testis biopsy scores in the T and T/D groups were lower than in the control group. Conclusion: The administration of DFX prior to torsion may be useful only for preventing ischemic damage in ipsilateral and contralateral testes. (C) 2013 Journal of Pediatric Urology Company. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Desferrioxamine Reduces Oxidative Stress in the Lung Contusion(Hindawi Ltd, 2013) Basaran, Umit Nusret; Ayvaz, Suleyman; Aksu, Burhan; Karaca, Turan; Cemek, Mustafa; Karaboga, Ihsan; Inan, MustafaOur hypothesis in this study is that desferrioxamine (DFX) has therapeutic effects on experimental lung contusions in rats. The rats were divided into four groups (n = 8): control, control+DFX, contusion, and contusion+DFX. In the control+DFX and contusion+DFX groups, 100 mg/kg DFX was given intraperitoneally once a day just after the contusion and the day after the contusion. Contusions led to a meaningful rise in the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in lung tissue. MDA levels in the contusion+DFX group experienced a significant decline. Glutathione levels were significantly lower in the contusion group than in the control group and significantly higher in the contusion+DFX group. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in the contusion group were significantly lower than those in the control group. In the contusion+DFX group, SOD and GPx levels were significantly higher than those in the contusion group. In light microscopic evaluation, the contusion and contusion+DFX groups showed edema, hemorrhage, alveolar destruction, and leukocyte infiltration. However, histological scoring of the contusion+DFX group was significantly more positive than that of the contusion group. The iNOS staining in the contusion group was significantly more intensive than that in all other groups. DFX reduced iNOS staining significantly in comparison to the contusion group. This study showed that DFX reduced oxidative stress in lung contusions in rats and histopathologically ensured the recovery of the lung tissue.Öğe Distribution of plasma cells and alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase – positive lymphocytes in the reproductive organs of female cats in anoestrus, oestrus and pseudopregnancy(2011) Kalender, Hakan; Yağcı, İlknur Pir; Arıkan, Şevket; Karaca, Turan; Yörük, MecitKedilerde anöstrüs, östrüs ve yalancı gebelik dönemlerinde dişi genital kanal organları ve ovaryumlarında, plasma hücresi ve alpha naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) positif lenfositlerin dağılımı, histokimyasal teknikler kullanılarak ışık mikroskopik olarak belirlendi. Plasma hücrelerinin incelenmesi için doku örnekleri formol-alkol solüsyonunda 48 saat tespit edilip parafinde bloklandı. Altı mikron kalınlığındaki kesitler metil green - pironin ile boyandı. ANAE için doku örnekleri formol-sükroz solüsyonunda (pH 6.8) +4?C ‘de 22 saat, sonra Holt solüsyonunda yine aynı şartlarda 22 saat fikse edildi. ANAE boyaması için 8 ?m kalınlığındaki kriyostat kesitleri pH 6.2’de inkübe edildi. Kedilerde anöstrüs döneminde plasma hücre sayısı korpus uteride kornu uteriye göre anlamlı derecede azdı (P<0.05). Yalancı gebelik grubundaki kedilerin ovaryum korteks ve medullasında, plasma hücre sayısının, anöstrus ve östrus gruplarına göre daha yüksek olduğu belirlendi (P<0.05). ANAE-pozitif lenfositlerin yoğunluğu, östrus ve yalancı gebelik dönemi kedilerin uterus ve ovaryumlarında anöstrus grubu kedilerden anlamlı derecede yüksekti (P<0.05). Sonuçta, östrüs siklusu ve yalancı gebeliğin dişi kedilerde üreme kanal organları ile ovaryumlarda plasma hücreleri ve ANAE-positif lenfositlerin dağılımındaki değişimlerden sorumlu olabileceği kanısına varıldı.Öğe Effect of aqueous extract and anthocyanins of calyces of Hibiscus sabdariffa (Malvaceae) in rats with adenine-induced chronic kidney disease(Wiley, 2017) Ali, Badreldin H.; Cahlikova, Lucie; Opletal, Lubomir; Karaca, Turan; Manoj, Priyadarsini; Ramkumar, Aishwarya; Al Suleimani, Yousuf M.ObjectivesThe aim of this work was to assess the possible beneficial effects of aqueous extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. calyces and anthocyanins isolated therefrom in an adenine-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD) model. MethodsRats were orally given, for 28 consecutive days, either adenine alone or together with either aqueous extract of H. sabdariffa calyces (5 and 10%) or anthocyanins (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg of anthocyanin concentrate). For comparative purposes, two groups of rats were given lisinopril (10 mg/kg). Key findingsWhen either H. sabdariffa aqueous extract or the anthocyanins isolated from it was administered along with adenine, the adverse effects of adenine-induced CKD were significantly lessened, mostly in a dose-dependent manner. The positive effects were similar to those obtained by administration of lisinopril. ConclusionsThe results obtained show that both H. sabdariffa and its anthocyanins could be considered as possible promising safe dietary agents that could be used to attenuate the progression of human CKD. This could have added significance as H. sabdariffa tea is widely consumed in many parts of Africa and Asia and is thus readily available.Öğe Effect of Aqueous Extract and Anthocyanins of Calyces of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Malvaceae) in Rats with Adenine - Induced Chronic Kidney Disease(Federation Amer Soc Exp Biol, 2017) Ali, Badreldin H.; Cahlikova, Lucie; Opletal, Lubomir; Karaca, Turan; Al Suleimani, Yousuf; Al Za'abi, Mohammed H.; Nemmar, Abderrahim[Abstract Not Available]Öğe The Effect of Glutathione Treatment on the Biochemical and Immunohistochemical Profile in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats(Springer, 2013) Yur, Fatmagul; Dede, Semiha; Karaca, Turan; Yegin, Sevim Ciftci; Deger, Yeter; Ozdemir, HulyaThis study investigated the possible role of glutathione (GSH) in diabetic complications and its biochemical safety in experimental diabetic rats. Serum biochemical parameters and the histology of the pancreas were investigated. Seven rats were separated as controls. To create the diabetes in rats, 45 mg/kg single-dose streptozotocin (STZ) was administered i.p. The treatment was continued for 1 month. STZ was administered to the diabetes + GSH group, then reduced GSH, dissolved in isotonic salt solution (200 mg/kg), was applied i.p. two times a week. The GSH group received i.p. GSH. Serum biochemical parameters were determined by autoanalyzer. Immunohistochemical procedures were used to determine the percentage of the insulin-immunoreactive beta-cell area in the islets of Langerhans. The biochemical parameters changed to different degrees or did not change. Pancreatic cells of the control and GSH groups were healthy, but in the diabetic and GSH-treated diabetic groups we found damage in different numbers. The results from these analyses show that GSH supplementation can exert beneficial effects on pancreatic cells in STZ-induced diabetic rats and can safely be used for therapy in and protection from diabetes and complications of diabetes.Öğe The effect of hesperetin on ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat ovary(Springer Heidelberg, 2014) Gungor, Ayse Nur Cakir; Gencer, Meryem; Karaca, Turan; Hacivelioglu, Servet; Uysal, Ahmet; Korkmaz, Fatma; Demirtas, SelimHesperidin (HES), a citrus fruit extract, has beneficial effects on various ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) models. We aimed to evaluate the possible positive effects of hesperetin (HPT), an active metabolite of HES, on a rat ovarian I/R model. We divided 24 Wistar Albino rats into four groups. Group I (n = 6) was sham operated, Group II (n = 6) was the I/R group, Group III (n = 6) was the I/R + solvent group and Group IV (n = 6) was the I/R + HPT group. Three hours of ischemia and 3 h of reperfusion were performed on each rat in Groups II, III, and IV. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was given intraperitoneally to the rats in the III. Group, and 50 mg/kg of HPT dissolved in DMSO was given intraperitoneally to the rats in the IV. Group 30 min before reperfusion. After 3 h of reperfusion, the ipsilateral ovaries of the rats were examined immunohistochemically to detect apoptosis. Hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) staining demonstrated less edema and hemorrhage in the group where HPT was applied. Caspase-3 and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining showed significantly lower apoptosis in the group where HPT was used when compared to either the I/R or solvent group. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that shows the beneficial effects of HPT in an ovarian I/R injury. HPT improved tissue damage and apoptosis caused by I/R injury. To identify the possible positive effects of HPT in ovarian torsion of humans and use in clinical practice, more studies must be performed.Öğe The effect of sildenafil on rats with adenine-Induced chronic kidney disease(Elsevier France, 2018) Ali, Badreldin H.; Al Za'abi, Mohammed; Adham, Sirin A.; Al Suleimani, Yousuf; Karaca, Turan; Manoj, Priyadarsini; Al Kalbani, Jamila; Yasin, Javid; Nemmar, AbderrahimThe erectile dysfunction drug sildenafil has cardiopulmonary protective actions, and a nephroprotective action in cisplatin and ischemia-reperfusion- induced acute kidney injury. Here, we assessed its possible ameliorative action in a model of chronic kidney disease (CKD) using adenine feeding. Eight groups of rats were treated with saline (controls), adenine (0.25% w/w in feed daily for 5 weeks), and oral sildenafil (0.1, 0.5 or 2.5 mg/kg), either alone, or concomitantly with adenine. Urine was collected 24 h after the end of the treatments from all rats and blood pressure measured, followed by collection of blood and kidneys for the measurement of several functional, biochemical and histopathological parameters. Adenine treatment reduced body weight, creatinine renal clearance, and increased water intake and urine output, as well as the plasma concentrations of urea and creatinine, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity, and albumin in urine. Adenine also increased the concentrations of the uremic toxins indoxyl sulfate, uric acid and phosphate, and a number of proteins and inflammatory cytokines, and decreased that of several anti - oxidant indices. Renal histopathological markers of damage (inflammation and fibrosis) were significantly increased by adenine. Sildenafil, given simultaneously with adenine, induced a dose - dependent improvements in most of the above parameters, suggesting its possible use as adjunct treatment for CKD in humans.Öğe The effect of swimming exercise on adenineinduced kidney disease in rats, and the influence of curcumin or lisinopril thereon(Public Library Science, 2017) Ali, Badreldin H.; Karaca, Turan; Al Suleimani, Yousuf; Al Za'abi, Mohammed; Al Kalbani, Jamila; Ashique, Mohammed; Nemmar, AbderrahimPatients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have been reported to benefit from different types of exercises. It has also been shown that the ACE inhibitor lisinopril, and the natural product curcumin are also beneficial in different models of CKD in rats. We assessed the influence of moderate swimming exercise (SE) on rats with adenine- induced CKD, and tested the possible effects of lisinopril and/or curcumin thereon using several physiological, biochemical, histopathological and immunohistochemical parameters. Rats (either sedentary or subjected to SE) were randomly divided into several groups, and given for five weeks either normal food or food mixed with adenine (0.25% w/w) to induce CKD. Some of these groups were also concomitantly treated orally with curcumin (75 mg/kg), or lisinopril (10 mg/kg) and were subjected to moderate SE (45 min/day three days each week). Rats fed adenine showed the typical biochemical, histopathological signs of CKD such as elevations in blood pressure, urinary albumin / creatinine ratio, and plasma urea, creatinine, indoxyl sulfate and phosphorus. SE, curcumin or lisinopril, given singly, significantly ameliorated all the adenine-induced actions. Administering curcumin or lisinopril with SE improved the histopathology of the kidneys, a salutary effect not seen with SE alone. Combining SE to the nephroprotective agents' curcumin or lisinopril might offer additional nephroprotection.Öğe The effect of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor sitagliptin on gentamicin nephrotoxicity in mice(Elsevier France-Editions Scientifiques Medicales Elsevier, 2018) Al Suleimani, Yousuf M.; Abdelrahman, Aly M.; Karaca, Turan; Manoj, Priyadarsini; Ashique, Mohammed; Nemmar, Abderrahim; Ali, Badreldin H.This study aimed at investigating the possible ameliorative effects of sitagliptin in mice with gentamicin (GEN) nephrotoxicity. Sitagliptin was given to the animals at an oral dose of 10 mg kg(-1) per day for 10 days, and in some of these mice, GEN was injected intraperitoneally at a dose of 100 mg kg(-1) per day during the last seven days of the treatment. Nephrotoxicity was evaluated histopathologically by light microscopy and biochemically by measuring several indices in plasma, urine and renal cortex homogenates. GEN treatment induced nephrotoxicity as evidenced by significantly (P < 0.0001) increasing the plasma concentrations of urea, creatinine, circulatory cytokines, cystatin C, sclerostin, and TNF alpha. Treatment with GEN also significantly elevated urinary N-acetyl-beta-D glucosaminidase (NAG) concentration (P < 0.0001). Moreover, GEN caused significant increase in oxidative stress in the kidneys (P < 0.0001). Histopathological examination revealed massive tubular injury, necrosis, infiltration of inflammatory cells and intraluminal hyaline casts in mice treated with GEN. Sitagliptin alone did not significantly affect any of the indices measured. However, concomitant treatment with sitagliptin and GEN significantly mitigated most of the nephrotoxic actions of GEN. Pending further studies, sitagliptin may potentially be useful as a nephroprotectant agent.Öğe Effect of Topically Applied Azithromycin on Corneal Epithelial and Endothelial Apoptosis in a Rat Model of Corneal Alkali Burn(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2016) Arikan, Sedat; Karaca, Turan; Ertekin, Yusuf Haydar; Comez, Arzu Taskiran; Ersan, Ismail; Demirtas, Selim; Elmas, SaitPurpose: To investigate the antiapoptotic effect of topically administered azithromycin (AZM) on corneal epithelial and endothelial cells in a rat model of corneal alkali burn. Methods: Twenty-four Wistar albino rats were divided into 4 equal groups as pseudovehicle (group 1), control (group 2), alkali burned (group 3), and treatment (group 4) groups. Alkali injury was induced only in the right corneas of rats belonging to groups 3 and 4 using 1N NaOH. The rats in group 3 and the rats in group 4 were respectively treated either with an artificial tear gel or with 1.5% AZM eye drops for 5 days. At the fifth day of the experiment, the apoptosis in the corneal epithelium and endothelium of all rats was assessed using a terminal dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. In addition, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) density in the corneal epithelium was measured in all rats. Results: The mean numbers of TUNEL+ cells in the corneal epithelium and endothelium of rats in group 3 were 117.1 +/- 23.8 and 34.6.+/- 11.3, respectively, whereas in group 4, they were 75.8 +/- 15.7 and 14.7 +/- 3.5, respectively. Also the mean TNF-alpha densities in the corneal epithelium in group 3 and group 4 were 2.65 +/- 1.3 and 1.65 +/- 1.1, respectively. There was a significant decrease in the mean number of TUNEL+ cells in the corneal epithelium and endothelium and in the mean TNF-alpha density in the corneal epithelium of rats in group 4, when compared with group 3. Conclusions: Topically applied AZM can decrease TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis in corneal alkali burn.Öğe The effects of apomorphine on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats(C M B Assoc, 2017) Sehitoglu, Muserref Hilal; Yayla, Muhammet; Kiraz, Asli; Oztopuz, Rahime Ozlem; Bayir, Yasin; Karaca, Turan; Khalid, SumbulIt is becoming progressively more understandable that overdose of paracetamol in both humans and animals causes severe hepatotoxicity. Apomorphine is known as a neuroprotective agent. Due to the protective effect, apomorphine had been tested in experimental studies on different models. Findings obtained through series of expriments suggested that apomorphine may also be useful in liver toxicity. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship among the hepatoprotective mechanism of apomorphine and to determine the possible role of apomorphine on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. 30 Sprague Dawley rats (adult male) were distributed into 5 groups. Group 1 was the control group and did not receive any medication. Group 2 received only paracetamol 2 g/kg by intragastric gavage to induce hepatotoxicity. Groups 3 and 4 were given apomorphine 1 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection, respectively. Groups 3 and 4 were given 2g/kg of Paracetamol. In Group 5, rats were treated with 2 mg/kg of apomorphine. Drug-treated rats were given food for the next 24 h until they were sacrified. Moreover, we also performed AST, ALT measurements in serum, MDA and SOD levels in liver tissues and histopathological analysis of the liver in all groups. Apomorphine had positive effects on both liver enzymes, oxidative stress markers and histopathological results in paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity. Additionally, apomorphine at 2 mg/kg dose was significantly more protective as compared to 1 mg/kg as evidenced by the histopathological examination results. It was thought that apomorphine was found hepatoprotective on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity, especially at higher doses such as 2 mg/kg.Öğe Effects of green tea extract and lactobacillus casei strain shirota on levels of serum minerals, cholesterol triglycerides, glucose and lactate in rats fed on high-carbohydrate and high-lipid diets(2013) Karaca, Turan; Karaboğa, İhsan; Bayıroğlu, Fahri; Comba, Bahat; Cemek, Mustafa; Ayaz, AhmetAMAÇ: Bu çalı?manın amacı, ye?il çay ekstraktı ve Lactobacillus casei strain Shirotanın yüksek karbonhidrat ve lipit içerikli diyetle beslenen ratlarda serum mineralleri (Ca, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mg and Mn), kolesterol, trigliserid, glikoz ve laktat düzeyleri üzerine etkilerinin ara?tırılmasıdır. YÖNTEM: Otuzbe? sağlıklı Wistar albino rat her grupta 5 hayvan ola- cak ?ekilde 7 gruba ayrıldı: Kontrol grubu (A), yüksek-karbonhidratlı diyet grubu (B), yüksek karbonhidratlı diyet ve 8 hafta süreyle probiyotik bakteri ilaveli grup- Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota (C), yüksek karbonhidratlı diyet ve 8 hafta süreyle ye?il çay ekstraktı verilen grup D), yüksek lipit içerikli diyet grubu (E), yüksek lipit içerikli diyet vehafta süreyle probiyotik bakteri ilaveli grup- Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota (F) ve yüksek lipit içerikli diyet ve 8 hafta süreyle ye?il çay ekstraktı ilaveli grup (G). BULGULAR: Serum kolesterol seviyesinin yüksek lipit ve yüksek ipit + ye?il çay ekstraktı ilaveli gruplarda (grup E ve G) kontrole ve diğer deneme gruplarına göre anlamlı olarak artığı tespit edildi p<0.05). Serum trigliserid seviyesi yüksek karbonhidrat + probiyo- ik ilaveli grupta (grup C) diğer deneme gruplarından anlamlı olarak dü?üktü (p<0.05). Yüksek kalorili diyet, ye?il çay ekstraktı ve probiyotik ilavesinin gruplarda serum laktat seviyesi üzerine herhangi bir etkisinin olmadığı görüldü. Serum Ca düzeyinin yanlızca yüksek karbonhidrat içerikli diyet grubunda anlamlı olarak azaldığı tespit edildi (p<0.05). Bununla birlikte, serum Zn ve Fe konsantrasyonlarının yüksek lipit ve yüksek lipit + probiyotik ilaveli gruplarda sırasıyla p<0.05 ve P<0.01 düzeylerinde anlamlı olarak artığı tespit edildi. Serum Mg seviyesinin tüm deneme gruplarında kontrole göreatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede azaldığı tespit edildi (P<0.01).casei strain Shirota ve ye?il çay ekstraktı alınması yüksek karbon- hidrat diyetli gruplarda serum glikoz seviyesini yüksek lipid diyetli gruba göre anlamlı olarak azalttığı belirlendi (p<0.05). SONUÇ: Ye?il çay ekstraktı ve L. casei strain Shirota kullanımının yüksek enerjili diyetle beslenen ratlarda kan glukoz ve trigliserid seviyelerini dü?ürücü etkisi vardır.Öğe Effects of sphingosylphosphorylcholine against oxidative stress and acute lung injury induced by pulmonary contusion in rats(W B Saunders Co-Elsevier Inc, 2015) Aksu, Burhan; Ayvaz, Suleyman; Aksu, Feyza; Karaca, Turan; Cemek, Mustafa; Ayaz, Ahmet; Demirtas, SelimBackground/purpose: The goal of this study was to evaluate effects of exogenous sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC) administration on acute lung injury induced by pulmonary contusion in rats. Methods: Eight animals were included in each of the following five groups: control, contusion, contusion phosphate-buffered solution (PBS), contusion SPC 2, contusion SPC 10. SPC was administered 3 days at a daily two different doses of 2 mu m/ml and 10 mu m/ml intraperitoneally. The severity of lung injury was determined by the neutrophil activation and histological and immunohistochemical changes in the lung. Malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione (GSH) were determined to evaluate the oxidative status in the lung tissue. Results: Treatment with 2 mu M SPC inhibited the increase in lung MDA and NO levels significantly and also attenuated the depletion of SOD, GPx, and GSH in the lung injury induced by pulmonary contusion. These data were supported by histopathological findings. The inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) positive cells and apoptotic cells in the lung tissue were observed to be reduced with the 2 mu M SPC treatment. But, the 10 mu M SPC treatment did not provide similar effects. Conclusions: In conclusion, these findings suggested that 2 mu M SPC can attenuate lung damage in pulmonary contusion by prevention of oxidative stress, inflammatory process and apoptosis. All these findings suggest that low dose SPC may be a promising new therapeutic agent for acute lung injury. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier Inc.Öğe The Effects of the Spleen Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, Fostamatinib, on an Immune Thrombocytopenia Mouse Model(Amer Soc Hematology, 2014) Pamuk, Gulsum Emel; Uyanik, Mehmet Sevki; Karaca, Turan; Selim, Demirtas; Demir, Muzaffer; Pamuk, Omer Nuri[Abstract Not Available]
