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    Assessment of in vitro Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Capacities of Medlar (Mespilus germanica)
    (Univ Agr Sci & Veterinary Med Cluj-Napoca, 2019) Isbilir, Sebnem Selen; Kabala, Sevilay Inal; Yagar, Hulya
    The objective of the current study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity and enzyme inhibitory effect of different parts of medlar including fruit, leaf and flower bud by using various in vitro methods, and also determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content in the samples. Ethanol extracts of medlar parts were prepared and their antioxidant activities were determined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH center dot) scavenging and beta-carotene bleaching methods. The leaf extract showed the strongest antioxidant activity. DPPH radical scavenging activity was in the order of BHA > leaf > bud > fruit. This ordering was the same for beta-carotene bleaching activity, tocopherol > leaf > bud > fruit. The highest total phenolic (60.3 +/- 1.69 mg GAE g(-1) extract) and flavonoid (14.77 +/- 1.15 mg QE g(-1 )extract) content were determined in leaf extract. For possible antidiabetic effects of extracts, alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activities were investigated, the bud extract showed the highest inhibition activities among the all extracts.
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    A new biosensor for osteoporosis detection
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2019) Kabala, Sevilay Inal; Yagar, Hulya; Ozcan, Hakki Mevlut
    Osteoporosis is a disease that is characterized by deterioration of bone tissue and increased risk of fracture as it leads to a decrease in bone mineral density, which is an important public health problem. Today, bone mineral density is measured by radiological techniques. Alternative techniques are needed because of the disadvantages such as excessive radiation intake, the cost of radiological techniques, and the necessity for specialist personnel for the devices. The quantitative determination of biochemical markers that play a role in bone mineralization may be a good alternative for the osteoporosis diagnosis and especially in the follow-up of treatment. In this study, a specific and sensitive immunological biosensor, which quantitatively determines the osteocalcin molecule, has been developed to be used in the early osteoporosis diagnosis and to evaluate the response to the drug treatment. Anti-osteocalcin antibody was immobilized onto gold electrode surface via covalent immobilization method by using 6-mercaptohexanol, 1,4-butanedioldiglycidyl ether, ethanolamine, and glutaraldehyde. Immobilization steps and biosensor characterization were specified by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The detection time and range of Ocn biosensor were determined as 45 min and 10-60 pg mu L-1 Ocn concentration, respectively. The Ocn biosensor was successfully applied in artificial serum samples spiked with Ocn.