Yazar "Bulut, Erdogan" seçeneğine göre listele
Listeleniyor 1 - 20 / 25
Sayfa Başına Sonuç
Sıralama seçenekleri
Öğe Assessment of Reduced Tolerance to Sound (Hyperacusis) in University Students(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2017) Yilmaz, Sule; Tas, Memduha; Bulut, Erdogan; Nurcin, ElcinIntroduction: Hyperacusis is defined as a reduction in tolerance to ordinary environmental sounds. Hyperacusis can occur in individuals of all age groups, making daily life difficult for the sufferers. Although there is no objective test to accurately diagnose hyperacusis, questionnaires are useful for the assessment of hyperacusis. The aim of this study was to explore the reduced sound tolerance in university students using a hyperacusis questionnaire (HQ). Materials and Methods: A total of 536 university students (300 females and 236 males) aged between 18 and 25 years, with a mean age of 21.34 +/- 1.87 years, were assessed using an HQ developed by Khalfa. The mean total score of all the participants was 16.34 +/- 7.91, and 5.78% of the participants had total scores indicating hyperacusis, where a majority of them were females. Results: Females had significantly higher scores than men in terms of both the total and the attentional and emotional dimensions. The scores of the participants who reported noise exposure or a decrease in their tolerance to noise were significantly higher than those of the other participants. Even among young adults, there was a group of participants suffering from some problems related to decreased tolerance to everyday sounds. Discussion: Although the Turkish translation of the HQ seems to be a reliable tool for evaluating hyperacusis in young adults, further work with various populations of different age groups is required to establish validity and to assess the psychometric qualities of the Turkish form.Öğe Blood pressure, autonomic stress, and inflammatory markers during sleep deprivation and recovery in healthy men(Turkish Soc Cardiology, 2021) Bozer, Ozge; Kaya, Oktay; Ozturk, Gulnur; Bulut, Erdogan; Zorkun, Cafer; Ozturk, LeventObjective: Recent community-based studies have identified sleep deprivation (SD) as an important modifiable risk factor for hypertension However, the underlying mechanisms linking SD to hypertension remain elusive. Thus, this study investigates blood pressure (BP) responses to cardiac autonomic stress tests in the presence of SD. Furthermore, we analyzed vascular inflammatory biomarkers as a possible underlying factor linking SD to increased BP. Methods: Ten healthy male volunteers (age, 21.6 +/- 1.2 years) underwent repeated autonomic stress tests for three consecutive days (baseline, SD, and recovery). The autonomic stress tests included the Valsalva maneuver, mental arithmetic, isometric handgrip, and cold pressor tests. Each day, resting BPs were measured, venous blood samples were collected for intercellular adhesion molecule 1, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, and E-selectin measurements, and stress tests were performed between 0900 and 1100. Ambulatory BP was recorded during the entire SD period (24 h). Results: One-night SD abolished BP reactivity to the Valsalva maneuver, isometric hand grip, and cold pressor tests, which returned after recovery sleep. Ambulatory BP monitoring showed that the mean systolic and diastolic BPs were 121.1 +/- 8.5 mm Hg and 72.8 +/- 6.3 mm Hg, respectively, between 0700 and 2300 and 120.3 +/- 9.6 mm Hg and 74.1 +/- 6.1 mm Hg, respectively, between 2300 and 0700 during the SD day (p>0.05 for both). Vascular inflammatory markers seemed unrelated to BP changes. Conclusion: Acute SD altered BP responses to cardiac autonomic stress tests in healthy men without affecting resting BP levels. SD led to a non-dipping pattern in BP oscillation. Collectively, these findings highlight the importance of sleep in regulating BP.Öğe Contralateral Suppression of Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions in Children with Fluency Disorders(Aves, 2017) Bulut, Erdogan; Yilmaz, Sule; Tas, Memduha; Turkmen, Mehmet Turgay; Polat, ZahraObjective: This study was designed to investigate the auditory system functions of the medial olivocochlear efferents in children with and without fluency disorders. Methods: Twenty-four children aged 6-10 years with fluency disorder (age mean +/- SD=8.1 +/- 1.2) and 15 typically developing control subjects (age mean +/- SD=8.2 +/- 2.5) participated in this study. After obtaining approval of the local ethical committee and informed consents, all participants underwent otoscopic examination, audiological evaluation, Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions and Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions with contralateral suppression. All the participants had normal hearing and middle ear function. Results: When compared rates of TEOAE suppression effect in children with and without fluency disorders, a statistically significant difference was found in children with fluency disorder, especially in the left ear at 2 kHz frequency (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between right and left ears in terms of mean values (p>0.05). Conclusion: Our study suggests that, although there is a difference between the groups in terms of percentage of cases in which suppression is detected at 2 kHz, it is necessary to support the findings with new investigations covering more cases in order to reach a judgment on the functioning of the MOC efferent system in children with fluency disorder.Öğe DNA methylation of the prestin gene and outer hair cell electromotile response of the cochlea in salicylate administration(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2017) Bulut, Erdogan; Budak, Metin; Ozturk, Levent; Turkmen, Mehmet T.; Uzun, Cem; Sipahi, TammamBackground/aim: Activity of the prestin gene may have a role in the pathogenesis of salicylate-induced ototoxicity. We investigated DNA methylation for prestin gene exon 1 in salicylate-injected guinea pigs. Materials and methods: Fifteen guinea pigs (30 ears) underwent audiological evaluation including 1000 Hz probe-tone tympanometry and a distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) test. The animals were randomly divided into three groups. Groups 2 (8 ears) and 3 (14 ears) were injected with intramuscular saline and sodium salicylate (200 mg/kg), respectively twice daily for 2 weeks. Group 1 (8 ears) received no injection. DPOAE measurements were performed at baseline; after 1, 2, 4, and 8 h (acute effect); and after 1 and 2 weeks (chronic effect). After audiological measurements, the animals were sacrificed for DNA isolation. Results: While a significant decrease (P < 0.01) was found for the acute effect in all frequencies in Group 3 according to baseline measurements, there was no difference in terms of chronic effect. DNA methylation increased during the acute phase of salicylate administration, whereas it returned to initial levels during the chronic phase. Conclusion: Salicylate-induced changes in DPOAE responses may be related to prestin-gene methylation. These results may have important implications for salicylate ototoxicity.Öğe Does Hypochlorous Acid Cause Ototoxicity? An Experimental Study(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2022) Mutlu, Ahmet; Gunduz, Ayse Yasemin; Bakici Balci, Burcu; Erinc, Murat; Bulut, Erdogan; Ersoy, Onur; Kalcioglu, Mahmut TayyarAimHypochlorous acid (HOCl) is a weak acid that ionizes in water. It is an effective antiseptic exhibiting low toxicity on living tissues. We aimed to investigate the ototoxic effects of HOCl on an animal model by using electrophysiological and histological methods.Materials and MethodsThe study comprised 32 Sprague-Dawley rats, which were separated into four groups: control group (A), saline solution group (B), 70% isopropyl alcohol + 2% chlorhexidine group (C), and HOCl group (D). After recording the auditory brainstem response (ABR) for basal hearing thresholds (8, 16, 24, and 32 kHz), 0.03 ml of the aforementioned materials was injected intratympanically three times every 2 days in groups B, C, and D. ABR measurements were repeated on the 7th and 21st days. All animals were sacrificed, and temporal bones were prepared for examinations of cochlear histology and vascular endothelial growth factor immunohistochemistry.ResultsBasal hearing levels were normal across all frequencies and groups, with no statistical differentiation. On the 7th and 21st days after the ABR test, all other groups demonstrated a significant deterioration in hearing levels compared with group A. When the results from 7th and 21st days were compared within group D, a partial recovery was observed. In histopathology, groups C and D demonstrated moderate and severe cochlear degeneration, along with decreased immunoreactivity in the organ of Corti, stria vascularis, and spiral ligament.ConclusionThis is the first study to evaluate the safety of using HOCl in otology. Although HOCI is less ototoxic than the disinfectant used, it may have a toxic effect on cochlea.Öğe Does noise exposure during pregnancy affect neonatal hearing screening results?(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2019) Guven, Selis Gulseven; Tas, Memduha; Bulut, Erdogan; Tokuc, Burcu; Uzun, Cem; Karasalihoglu, Ahmet KarasalihogluObjective: The aim is to investigate whether noise is effective on hearing screening tests of neonates born to mothers exposed to noise during pregnancy. Material and Method: Screening results of 2653 infants from the period of January 2013-May 2017 were evaluated. Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (TEOAE) and Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) were used. Infants of 65 mothers exposed to noise (LAeq 80-85 dBA/8 hours/day) during pregnancy (Week +/- SD; 32.58 +/- 2.71) comprised the study group while the control group consisted of infants of 2588 mothers without noise exposure. Results: Among the 65 infants, 23 (35.4%) passed screening at the first emission test (OAE1); 34 (52.3%) at the second emission test (OAE2); 7 (10.8%) at the ABR stage, 1 (1.5%) infant was referred to a tertiary center. In the control group, 458 (17.7%) infants passed at OAE1; 1822 (70.4%) at OAE2; 289 (11.2%) at ABR stages, 19 (0.7%) infants were referred to a tertiary center. The rate of infants that passed screening at OAE1 in the study group was high (P = 0.00001). Sixty-four (98.46%) infants in the study group and 2569 (99.26%) infants in the control group passed the tests. The difference between the two groups was not significant, indicating that exposure to noise during pregnancy had no unfavorable effects on auditory functions (P = 0.392). Conclusion: Unfavorable effect of noise exposure during pregnancy was not observed on auditory functions of the infants. The higher rate of infants that passed the screening test at OAE1 stage in the study group raised the question, Does the exposure of the noise at exposure action levels (80-85 dB A) during pregnancy contribute to auditory maturation of fetus?Öğe Does Oral Monosodium Glutamate Have a Cochleotoxic Effect? An Experimental Study(Karger, 2022) Guven, Selis Gulseven; Ersoy, Onur; Topuz, Ruhan Deniz; Bulut, Erdogan; Kizilay, Gulnur; Uzun, CemIntroduction: The effect of orally consumed monosodium glutamate (MSG), which is a common additive in the food industry, on the cochlea has not been investigated. The present study aimed to investigate the possible cochleotoxic effects of oral MSG in guinea pigs using electrophysiological, biochemical, and histopathological methods. Methods: Thirty guinea pigs were equally divided into control and intervention groups (MSG 100 mg/kg/day; MSG 300 mg/kg/day). At 1 month, 5 guinea pigs from each group were sacrificed; the rest were observed for another month. Electrophysiological measurements (distortion product otoacoustic emission [DPOAE] and auditory brainstem response [ABR]), glutamate levels in the perilymph and blood samples, and histopathological examinations were evaluated at 1 and 2 months. Results: Change in signal-to-noise ratio at 2 months was significantly different in the MSG 300 group at 0.75 kHz and 2 kHz (p = 0.013 and p = 0.044, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in ABR wave latencies of the guinea pigs given MSG compared to the control group after 1 and 2 months; an increase was noted in ABR thresholds, although the difference was not statistically significant. In the MSG groups, moderate-to-severe degeneration and cell loss in outer hair cells, support cells, and spiral ganglia, lateral surface junction irregularities, adhesions in stereocilia, and partial loss of outer hair cell stereocilia were noted. Conclusion: MSG, administered in guinea pigs at a commonly utilized quantity and route of administration in humans, may be cochleotoxic.Öğe The Effect of Auricular Graft Donor Site on Morbidity and Cosmetic Appearance in Cartilage Tympanoplasties(Aves, 2020) Huseyinoglu, Aydin; Uzun, Cem; Koder, Ahmet; Yagiz, Recep; Benlier, Erol; Bulut, ErdoganOBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to compare the postoperative morbidity and cosmetic results between the use of the scapha and the use of the tragus as the auricular cartilage graft donor site in patients who had undergone cartilage tympanoplasty. The fascia graft was used as the control. MATERIALS and METHODS: The patient's visual symmetry, cosmetic satisfaction, and anthropometric measurements were studied to objectively evaluate the cosmetic condition. The formation of skin scar changes, pigmentation changes, and sensory changes as clinical criteria were compared. RESULTS: A total of 234 patients and their 257 operated ears were included in the study. Forty prospectively operated ears with preoperative findings were also included. All patients (100%) felt that their results were good, as indicated by the visual analog scale, and the anthropometric ear measurements used to reinforce the data showed no significant differences between the groups. A significant difference with respect to clinical sensory changes was found between the groups only in patients undergoing unilateral surgery via the retro auricular approach (p<0.05). There was no difference between the scapha and tragus groups with respect to scar formation or skin pigmentation change. CONCLUSION: Neither scapha nor tragus use for graft retrieval led to dissatisfaction or cosmetic problems in the postoperative period. Sensory changes in the skin on clinical evaluation were less common in patients in whom the scapha donor site was preferred than in cases in which the tragus was used.Öğe Effect of perinatal biotin deficiency on auditory pathway of the Wistar-Albino rats(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2019) Yllmaz, Nevreste Didem Sonbay; Gur, Ozer Erdem; Ensari, Nuray; Bulut, Erdogan; Kaya, Ozlem Tugce; Sirvanci, Serap; Danisman, BetulAim: Severe biotin deficiency associated with biotinidase enzyme deficiency in newborns is seen as severe neurological problems and hearing loss. However, the effect on the infant of deficiencies in the maternal diet during pregnancy are not clear. Material and methods: The study included 16 female Wistar albino rats and 4 male Wistar albino rats, that were mated and then the females were separated into 4 groups. At 40 days after the birth, 3 pups were selected from each group, and these 12 pups were evaluated with DPOAE and ABR electrophysiologically and the cochlea was examined ultrastructurally with electron microscopy. Results: In the DPOAE evaluation, At 8000 and 11,000 Hz, the signal-noise ratios in the B-N and B-B groups were statistically significantly higher (p < .05). In ABR, lengthening of the latency periods was determined in all the waves at both 8 and 16 kHz in the B-B group. When the IPL periods were examined, lengthening in IPL 1-5 was statistically significant in the B-B group only at 8 kHz. Conclusions: Biotin can be said to have an effect on hearing pathways. However, specifically where on the hearing pathways that biotin is involved has not been clarified.Öğe Effect of Topical Dexamethasone for Preventing Experimentally Induced Myringosclerosis(Galenos Yayincilik, 2017) Uestuendag, Murat; Kocyigit, Murat; Bulut, Erdogan; Altaner, Semsi; Tas, Abdullah; Yagiz, RecepObjective: We aimed to examine the effect of topical dexamethasone by otomicroscopic and histologic examinations for preventing myringosclerosis induced by myringotomy in rat tympanic membranes. Methods: Twenty-one Sprague Dawley rats (42 ears) were randomly divided into the following three groups after otomicroscopic examinations: experimental surgical group (5 rats), control group (8 rats), and study group (8 rats). The rats of all the groups underwent myringotomy in both tympanic membranes. Other than myringotomy, no additional procedure was performed for the rats in the experimental surgical group. In the control group, 0.9% NaCl was applied to the ears, whereas in the study groups, topical dexamethasone was applied to the ears. These applications in the control and study groups were repeated for nine days. On the 10th day of the study, the rat ears of all groups underwent otomicroscopic and histologic examinations. The prevalence and process of myringosclerosis were evaluated by otomicroscopic examination, whereas inflammation, membrane thickness, and myringosclerosis intensity were evaluated by histologic examination. Results: The growth of myringosclerosis with otomicroscopic examination was lesser in the study group in which topical dexamethasone was applied than the control and experimental surgical groups. Moreover, it was observed that myringosclerosis effected less quadrants in the study group. Histologic examinations revealed that inflammation was significantly lesser in the study group than in the experimental surgical and control groups. The average membrane thickness values were significantly lesser in the study group than in the experimental surgical group. With respect to myringosclerosis growth, no statistically significant difference was observed among all groups, whereas with respect to myringosclerosis intensity, the rat ears in the study group were less severely affected. Conclusion: Thus, our study results suggest that applying topical dexamethasone after myringotomy has positive effects on limiting the intensity and prevalence of myringosclerosis.Öğe The Effects of Experimental Intratympanic Steroid Administration on Organ of Corti Type 1 Spiral Ganglion(Georg Thieme Verlag Kg, 2018) Topcuoglu, Turgay; Kocyigit, Murat; Bulut, Erdogan; Ortekin, Safiye G.; Kanter, Mehmet; Yagiz, RecepIntroduction It is unclear how effective is the intratympanic (IT) steroid treatment on organ of Corti type 1 spiral ganglion, its optimal dosage and frequency of administration. The effect of dexamethasone on cochlear functions in individuals with a normal hearing ability is also unknown. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate, at the electrophysiological and ultrastructural levels, the effect of IT dexamethasone administration in guinea pigs with normal hearing on organ of Corti type 1 spiral ganglion. Methods A total of 20 guinea pigs ( n =40 ears) whose hearing was detected to be normal by electrophysiological tests were included in the study and randomly divided into 6 groups. Four groups were considered study groups, while 2 groups were considered control groups. Dexamethasone was administered intratympanically in doses of 2 mg/mL and 4 mg/mL in the guinea pigs in the study groups. The animals in the control groups received physiological saline in equal doses as the study groups. All interventions were performed under general anesthesia, and the electrophysiological tests were repeated following the IT injections. Results No statistically significant differences were found among the groups when the IT injections were evaluated in terms of the electrophysiological measurements ( p >0.05). The ultrastructural evaluation showed a cellular mitochondrial increase in the spiral ganglions of the cochlea in the groups in which dexamethasone was administered in a dose of 4 mg/mL. Conclusion According to the findings of this study, it can be suggested that the IT injection of dexamethasone is safe, and when applied in a dose of 4 mg/mL, it increases metabolic activity at the cellular level.Öğe Effects of Intratympanic Steroid on Cisplatin Ototoxicity: An Electrophysiological and Ultrastructural Study(Akad Doktorlar Yayinevi, 2018) Tas, Abdullah; Bulut, Erdogan; Tas, Memduha; Yagiz, Recep; Turan, Pinar; Huseyinoglu, Aydin; Karasalihoglu, Ahmet R.Ototoxicity refers to the inner ear dysfunction caused by a drug or a chemical agent which manifests as hearing loss or balance impairment, or both. Currently, antibiotics, diuretics, anti-inflammatory drugs, antineoplastic agents, antimalarial drugs and some other agents are known to cause ototoxicity. Cisplatin is an antineoplastic agent for which the ototoxicity incidence may vary based on the treatment protocol. In the present study, we aimed to perform an electrophysiological and ultrastructural evaluation regarding the protective effectiveness of intratympanic steroids on cisplatin ototoxicity. Electrophysiological assessment included tympanometry and auditory brainstem response (ABR), and 16 guinea pigs (32 ears) with normal hearing were randomly assigned to 4 groups as follows: control, cisplatin, cisplatin/steroid and cisplatin/physiological saline. Following the electrophysiological measurements, temporal bones were dissected for ultrastructural examinations. In the cisplatin group, a statistically significant (p<0.05) threshold difference was noted for the ABR test versus the other groups while this threshold difference was lower in the cisplatin/steroid group compared to the other groups. Ultrastructural evaluations revealed abnormal outer hair cell stereocilia morphology and severe degenerative changes in the cisplatin and cisplatin/physiological saline groups. Mild degenerative alterations were seen in the outer hair cell stereocilia morphology in the guinea pig cochlea administered with intratympanic steroid. We believe intratympanic steroid administration showed protective effectiveness on the cisplatin-induced ototoxic damage in our study.Öğe Effects of sleep deprivation on anaerobic exercise-induced changes in auditory brainstem evoked potentials(Wiley, 2007) Oeztuerk, Levent; Bulut, Erdogan; Vardar, Selma Arzu; Uzun, CemThe present study was designed to assess how anaerobic exercise affects auditory brainstem response (ABR) parameters, and whether one night of sleep deprivation could alter these possible exercise-induced changes in ABRs. Seven healthy, audiologically normal male students (mean age 22.4 +/- 1.0 years) participated in the study. All subjects underwent anaerobic Wingate test for three times: (i) baseline, (ii) following a full-night of habitual sleep and (iii) following one night of sleep deprivation. ABR measurements were performed before and after the second and the third Wingate tests. Oral body temperatures were recorded at the beginning of all ABR measurements. The latencies of wave III and V significantly shortened by anaerobic loading performed in the day after habitual sleep (4.13 +/- 0.10 versus 4.01 +/- 0.17 ms, P < 0.02; and 5.84 +/- 0.26 versus 5.65 +/- 0.23 ms, P < 0.03, respectively). One night of total sleep deprivation shortened pre-exercise latencies and altered exercise-induced changes in ABRs. The findings obtained in the present study show that acute anaerobic exercise is effective on ABR wave latencies independent from body temperature changes, and sleep deprivation has some modulatory effects on exercise-induced changes in ABR.Öğe Evaluation of Olivocochlear Efferent Supression and Auditory Frequency Perception in Musicians(Wiley-Blackwell, 2015) Bulut, Erdogan; Ozturk, Gulnur; Tas, Memduha; Turkmen, Mehmet Turgay; Gulmez, Dilek; Ozturk, Levent[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Evaluation of the Olivocochlear Efferent System Activation After Exposure to Music in Young Individuals(Aves, 2019) Bulut, Erdogan; Nurcin, Elcin; Yilmaz, Sule; Guven, Selis Gulseven; Tas, MemduhaObjective: In this study, a protective role of the olivocochlear efferent system activation on the hearing system in young individuals after music exposure (ME) was investigated. Methods: Twenty two young adults aged 19-22 years (mean age +/- standard deviation, 19.63 +/- 0.83) with normal hearing participated in the study. All participants listened to music at 85.4 dBA for 30 minutes. An audiological evaluation including pure tone audiometry, immittance measurements, Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAEs), and Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (TEOAEs) with and without contralateral acoustic stimuli (CAS) was done before ME, immediately after ME, and after a rest period. Results: No significant differences in pure tone audiometry and the DPOAE signal-to-noise ratio (S/N-R) results were found among the three measurement sessions (before ME, immediately after ME, and after the rest period) in all measured frequencies (p>0.05). There was a significant increase in the contralateral stapes reflex threshold at 0.5 kHz, measured immediately after ME (p=0.02), while no significant difference was found in the measured frequency after resting (p>0.05). In the TEOAE S/N-R responses, a statistically significant decrease was found at 1 kHz (p=0.016) and 1.4 kHz (p=0.009) immediately after ME, whereas no significant difference was found between the TEOAE S/N-R responses measured before ME and after resting (p>0.05). Compared to the conditions before the exposure, there was a statistically significant decrease (p<0.001) in all center frequencies measured immediately after ME and after resting conditions in the TEOAE amplitudes obtained in the presence of CAS. Conclusion: The contralateral stapes reflex thresholds increase after ME, and a significant suppression effect of the TEOAE amplitudes in the presence of CAS suggests that the olivocochlear efferent system plays a role in protecting the auditory system from acoustic trauma.Öğe Histopathologic Changes in the Middle Ear Mucosa After Exposure to Pepsin and Unconjugated Bile Acid(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2014) Develioglu, Omer Necati; Yalcin, Enis; Bulut, Erdogan; Celebi, Saban; Sahan, Elife; Ustundag, Nil; Dervisoglu, SergulenObjective: An increasing number of studies indicate that pepsin and bile acid cause damage to the ear, nose, and throat structures as a result of extraesophageal reflux. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the damaging effect of bile acids and pepsin on the middle ear mucosa. Material and Methods: Twenty-nine healthy rats were included in this study. The animals were divided into 5 groups. A single daily dose of 40 mu mol/L chenodeoxycholic acid, 40 mu g/mL pepsin, and saline were injected separately into the right middle ear of the rats. On day 30, all rats were decapitated, and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples of the middle ear both from the control and experimental rats were prepared. A semiquantitative analysis was performed. Results: Inflammatory response was seen in all middle ear mucosa of rats except control group 1. The degree of inflammatory response was higher in the bile acid group when compared with the other groups. Epithelial metaplastic changes with varying number of goblet cells were observed in both the bile acid-and pepsin-injected groups. These metaplastic changes were also higher in the bile acid-induced group than in the pepsin-injected group. Conclusions: This is the first study on the middle ear mucosal damage of both pepsin and bile acid. Our results demonstrate that bile acids were associated with more extensive mucosal injury at pH 7 in comparison to pepsin in a rat animal model. Inflammatory response and metaplastic changes may play an important role in the etiology of middle ear pathologies.Öğe A New Hypothesis on the Frequency Discrimination of the Cochlea(Aves, 2017) Bulut, Erdogan; Uzun, Cem; Ozturk, Levent; Turan, Pinar; Kanter, Mehmet; Arbak, SerapOBJECTIVE: Medial olivocochlear efferent (MOCE) neurons innervate outer hair cells (OHCs) of the cochlea, which in turn leads to basilar membrane motion. We hypothesized that MOCE-induced alterations in basilar membrane motion, independent of traveling waves, is responsible for the cochlear frequency discrimination of sound. MATERIALS and METHODS: Eleven guinea pigs underwent bilateral otoscopic and audiologic evaluations under general anesthesia. The study comprised two parts. Part I (n=11) included spontaneous otoacoustic emission (SOAE) recordings with or without contralateral pure-tone acoustic stimuli (1 and 8 kHz) at 60 dB sound pressure level (SPL). Part II involved pure-tone (1 or 8 kHz) acoustic trauma in the right ears of two randomly selected subgroups (G1: 1 kHz; n=4 and G8: 8 kHz; n=4). The remaining three animals served as controls. After frequency-specific deafness was confirmed by distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE), SOAEs were recorded in the left ears in the presence of a contralateral pure-tone (1 and 8 kHz) stimulus of 60 dB SPL. Furthermore, the surface of the organ of Corti was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). RESULTS: The contralateral pure tone led to frequency-specific activation in SOAEs in part I (without trauma) and part II (with trauma) measurements. SEM showed heterogeneous OHC damage along the cochlea in traumatized ears with pure tone. CONCLUSION: We suggest that MOCEs convey acoustic information from traumatized ears to intact ears. Traumatized ears can show frequency-specific activation in the presence of diffuse damage in OHCs that excludes the passive transmission of the pressure wave from the perilymph to the basilar membrane.Öğe Otoacoustic Emissions in Young Children with Autism(Aves, 2017) Tas, Memduha; Yilmaz, Sule; Bulut, Erdogan; Polat, Zahra; Tas, AbdullahOBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to investigate otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) in young children with autism compared with those in an agematched control group. MATERIALS and METHODS: Thirty-eight children with autism aged 3-6 years and 27 typically developing (normally developing) control subjects participated in this study. All the participants had normal hearing and middle-ear function. Auditory brainstem responses were used to determine the hearing status in the autism group. Transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) and distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were measured in the two groups. RESULTS: The TEOAE response level was higher in the autism group. Analysis of the DPOAE response showed that the mean emission levels at 1.5, 2, 3, and 6 kHz and signal/noise ratios at 2, 4, 6, and 8 kHz were higher in the autism group (p<0.05). The greatest between-group differences were observed in the DPOAE signal levels at 2, 3, and 6 kHz (p=0.000). No statistically significant difference was found between the noise levels in the autism and control groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: The emission responses in the autism group were higher than those in the control group. The increase in DPOAEs at high frequencies may be related to the higher outer cell activation in the autism group. Further studies with larger sample sizes comprising younger children are needed to confirm the result and investigate the possible association between the increased OAEs and auditory sensitivity reported in autism.Öğe Possible Ototoxic Effects of Topical Rifamycin Application: An Electrophysiological and Ultrastructural Study(Galenos Yayincilik, 2017) Abayli, Cihan; Kul, Yusuf; Koten, Muhsin; Karasalihoglu, Ahmet Rifat; Tas, Abdullah; Yagiz, Recep; Bulut, ErdoganObjective: This study aimed to investigate possible ototoxicity associated with topical rifamycin application via electrophysiological tests and ultrastructural examinations. Methods: Electrophysiological assessment was performed with tympanometry, auditory brainstem response (ABR), and distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) measurements. This study was conducted on 40 ears of 20 guinea pigs that were detected to have normal hearing thresholds. The animals were randomly assigned to three groups: Group 1 (n=12) received 0.1 mL rifamycin, Group 2 (n=8) received 0.1 ml gentamycin, and Group 3 (n=20) received 0.1 mL physiological saline. The antibiotics and saline solutions were administered via intratympanic injections. After five injections every other day, electrophysiological tests were performed again on the 15th day. After electrophysiological measurements, the temporal bones of all guinea pigs were prepared for ultrastructural examinations and the cochlear surface morphology was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: The animals in group 3 did not show a statistically significant change in their DPOAE signal/noise ratio (SNR) or ABR thresholds (p>0.05). In groups 1 and 2, the reduction in the DPOAE SNR and the increase in the ABR threshold were statistically significant (p<0.05). Regarding SEM examination results, the animals in groups 1 and 2 showed statistically significant outer hair cell damage and cochlear degeneration due to the ototoxic effect of the drugs (p<0.05), whereas the animals in group 3 showed no significant damage (p>0.05). Conclusion: The results indicate that rifamycin application to the middle ears of guinea pigs has mild ototoxic effects on their inner ears.Öğe A potential biomarker for individuals of chronic subjective tinnitus with normal hearing: Serum prestin levels(Wiley, 2023) Bulut, Erdogan; Budak, Metin; Guven, Selis Gulsevin; Atilgan, Emre; Uzun, Cem[Abstract Not Available]
