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Öğe Effects of gender and age on the quantitative parameters of [99mTc]pertechnetate salivary gland scintigraphy in normal subjects(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006) Firat, Fatih; Çermik, Tevfik F.; Sarikaya, Ali; Berkarda, SakirAim To assess the effect of gender and age on [Tc-99m]pertechnetate salivary gland scintigraphy (SGS) in healthy subjects. Methods The study population consisted of 93 normal subjects (46 women, 47 men; age range 20-59 years). The subjects were categorized into eight (four female and four male) subgroups according to age decades. Dynamic SGS was performed after intravenous injection of 370 MBq [Tc-99m]pertechnetate. Anterior salivary gland images were acquired for 30 min. On the basis of the time-activity curves, three functional parameters were calculated for the parotid and submandibular salivary glands: (1) the first minute uptake ratio, (2) the maximum uptake ratio, and (3) the maximum secretion percentage. Results For women, all parotid and submandibular functional parameters had a peak in the fourth decade group. The comparison of four age groups in the female subjects showed significant differences, except for the third versus the fifth decades, at least for one parameter The number of significant differences was highest in the comparison between the second versus the fourth decades. Among men, the highest values for all parotid and submandibular parameters were in the second decade, except for the first minute uptake ratio in the submandibular gland. The number of parameters that were significantly different among the four age groups in men was lower than in women. The first minute uptake ratio of the submandibular gland had the most significant differences among the groups of male subjects. Conclusion Age and gender differences have a significant effect on salivary gland functions which is more apparent in women than in men.Öğe Evaluation of morphine effect on tumour angiogenesis in mouse breast tumour model, EATC(Humana Press Inc, 2011) Ustun, Funda; Durmus-Altun, Gulay; Altaner, Semsi; Tuncbilek, Nermin; Uzal, Cem; Berkarda, SakirBreast cancer is the leading cause of death among women, and morphine is used to relieve the pain of patients with cancer. The data on the effects of morphine on tumour growth and angiogenesis are contradictory. We determined in mouse breast cancer model whether analgesic doses of morphine would affect tumour angiogenesis, and then the correlation between microvessel density (MVD), Doppler sonography (DS) and Tc-99m-Tetrofosmin (TF) uptake. Ehrlich ascites tumour cell xenografts, Pgp-negative tumour were divided into two groups: (a) Morphine sulphate [0.714 mg/kg/day (equivalent to 50 mg per day for a 70 kg human)], (b) no-morphine. For the determination of angiogenesis in mice tumour tissue, TF scintigraphy, microvessel density and DS were done. MVD was significantly different between groups (49.4 +/- 1.8 vs. 41.8 +/- 1.9, morphine and no-morphine groups, respectively, P < 0.001). A strong correlation was found between late uptakes of mass at scintigraphy and degree of angiogenesis in histopathologic examination (r = 0.52, P < 0.01). There was statistically significant inverse correlation between degree of angiogenesis in histopathologic examination and washout ratio of TF (r = 0.40, P < 0.05). The higher values for angiogenesis are related to higher TF reuptake. There was no statistically significant correlation between DS and TF. A strong correlation was found between MVD and grade of DS (r = 0.51, P < 0.01). Our preclinical mice study indicates that morphine at clinically relevant doses stimulates angiogenesis, and angiogenesis triggered of morphine is demonstrated with MVD and DS, but not TF. However, uptake and washout of TF are compared with immunohistochemically assessed morphine-stimulated angiogenesis in tumour tissue.Öğe Glucose-Induced Alteration of Accumulation of Organotechnetium Complexes Accumulation in Pgp-Negative Tumor-Bearing Mice(Mary Ann Liebert Inc, 2009) Ustun, Funda; Durmus-Altun, Gulay; Cukur, Ziya; Altaner, Semsi; Berkarda, SakirThe biologic and microenvironmental factors determining (99m)Tc sestamibi (MIBI) and (99m)Tc tetrofosmin (TF) uptake in breast tumors are incompletely understood, especially in P-glycoprotein (Pgp)-negative tumors. We analyzed the influence of glucose administration on the uptake and retention of MIBI and TF in Pgp-negative tumor-bearing mice in vivo. Twenty (20) mice bearing Ehrlich ascites tumor cell (EATC) xenografts were divided into four groups: (1) MIBI, (2) MIBI+glucose, (3) TF, and (4) TF+glucose. Glucose was administered (5.0 g/kg body weight) intraperitoreally (i.p.) 1 hour before scintigraphy. There were significant differences between the E-UPR MIBI and MIBI+glucose groups (p = 0.009) and minor differences in L-UPR between these groups (p = 0.04). There was a significant inverse correlation between E-UPR of MIBI and glucose levels (r = 0.71, p = 0.02). Comparing the four groups, the highest E-UPR was obtained in the MIBI group (p = 0.006). Other parameters were not different in the MIBI and MIBI+glucose groups and in the TF and TF+glucose groups. Increased blood glucose level affected the MIBI uptake of tumor tissue, particularly for E-UPR. We suggest that these findings were due to basically decreased blood flow and secondarily decreased extracellular pH. However, glucose administration did not affect TF.Öğe Regional cerebral blood flow abnormalities in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism(Springer, 2007) Cermik, Tevfik Fikret; Kaya, Meryem; Ugur-Altun, Betuel; Bedel, Deniz; Berkarda, Sakir; Yigitbasi, Oemer N.Introduction We assessed the alterations in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) before parathyroidectomy by semiquantitative analysis of brain single photon emission computed tomography ( SPECT) images. Methods Included in this prospective study were 14 patients ( mean age 47.6 +/- 10.4 years; 3 male, 11 female) and 10 control subjects ( mean age 36.0 +/- 8.5 years, 6 male, 4 female) were SPECT imaging was performed using a dual-headed gamma camera 60 - 90 min after intravenous administration of 925 MBq Tc-99m HMPAO. The corticocerebellar rCBF ratios were calculated from 52 brain areas and reference lower values (RLVs) were calculated from the rCBF ratios of control subjects. The regional ratios that were below the corresponding RLV were considered abnormal (hypoperfused). Results Hypoperfusion was shown in 171 out of 728 regions (23%) and there was a significant correlation between serum calcium, PTH levels and the sum of hypoperfused regions in the patient group (R= 0.75 and P= 0.001, and R= 0.75, P= 0.001, respectively). Significantly reduced rCBF were found in the following cortical regions: bilateral cingulate cortex, superior and inferior frontal cortex, anterior temporal cortex, precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus and parietal cortex, and right posterior temporal cortex. Conclusion Our results indicate that alterations in rCBF in patients with PHP can be demonstrated with brain SPECT. The correlation between serum calcium, PTH levels and the sum of hypoperfused regions indicates that there may be a strong relationship between rCBF abnormalities and increased levels of serum calcium and PTH. In addition, the degree of rCBF abnormalities could be determined by brain SPECT in PHP patients with or without psychiatric symptoms.Öğe THE RELATION OF FUNCTIONAL INDEPENDENT MEASUREMENT AND AMBULATION WITH BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN PATIENTS WITH STROKE(Nobel Ilac, 2011) Murat, Sadiye; Ozdemir, Ferda; Kabayel, Derya Demirbag; Kasapoglu, Meliha; Kokino, Siranus; Berkarda, SakirObjective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between loss of functions and bone mineral density (BMD) in hemiplegic patients after stroke. Material and Method: 41 patients were evaluated. The Brunnstrom values, the Functional Independent Measurement (FIM) and the Functional Ambulation Categories (FAC) values were recorded. BMD measurements were evaluated with dual-energy X-ray absorbtiometry (DXA). Results: BMD decrease was significantly greater on the paretic side compared with the non paretic side. Patients who had not ambulated lost of their BMD in the paretic side and the loss was significantly higher than those who had ambulated. There was a positive correlation between FIM score and BMD values in the affected side. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the rapidity of the BMD loss is correlated to the functional independent and ambulation categories in poststroke hemiplegic patients.
