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Öğe Comparison of the effects of letrozole and clompiphene citrate on ovarian follicles, endometrium, and hormone levels in the rat(Elsevier Science Inc, 2003) Kilic-Okman, T; Kucuk, M; Altaner, SObjective: To compare the effects of letrozole and clomiphene citrate in the rat in terms of number of ovarian follicles; endometrial thickness; and serum levels of E-2, FSH, LH, and T. Design: Controlled prospective study. Setting: University research laboratory. Animal(s): Thirty sexually mature female Wistar-Albino rats that were 20 weeks of age. Intervention(s): Letrozole, 5 mg/kg of body weight daily (10 rats); clomiphene citrate, 100 mug/kg daily (10 rats); or saline solution, 2 mL/d (10 rats). After 2 days, rats were euthanized and ovariectomized. Main Outcome Measure(s): Number of mature follicles, endometrial thickness, and serum levels of hormones. Result(s): Mean levels of FSH, LH, E2, and T; number of mature follicles; and ovary size differed among the groups, whereas the mean endometrial thickness did not differ. Conclusion(s): In rats, the effect of letrozole on follicular maturation is similar to that of clomiphene citrate. (C) 2003 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.Öğe Dynamic MRI in indirect estimation of microvessel density, histologic grade, and prognosis in colorectal adenocarcinomas(Springer-Verlag, 2004) Tuncbilek, N; Karakas, HM; Altaner, SThe relations of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) parameters to microvessel density (MVD), histologic grade, and presence of metastasis were evaluated to establish new prognostic indicators in colorectal cancer (CRC). Fast-low angle shot DCE-MRI parameters (time-intensity curves, TICs; maximal relative enhancement within the first minute, E-max/1; maximal relative enhancement of the entire study, E-max; steepest slope of the contrast enhancement curve; and time to peak enhancement) of 21 CRCs (seven Duke stage B, 12 Duke stage C, and two Duke stage D) were retrospectively evaluated and correlated with corresponding postoperative MVD measurements, histologic grades, and presence of metastasis at 2 years. TICs were classified as type A in nine (43%), type B in seven (33%), and type C in five cases (24%). There was a significant difference between TIC types with regard to MVD (p < 0.05-0.001). Time to peak enhancement, steepest slope of TIC, and E-max/1 were strongly correlated with MVD (r = -0.765, p < 0.01; r = 0.681, p < 0.01; r = 0.634, p < 0.01; respectively). MVD, steepest slope of the enhancement curve, E-max/1, and E-max strongly correlated with histologic grade (r = 0.475, p < 0.05; r = 0.683, p < 0.01; r = 0.687, p < 0.01; r = 0.791, p < 0.01; respectively). There was a significant difference between groups of patients with and without metastasis with regard to histologic grade (p < 0.05) and two of the DCE-MRI parameters (p < 0.005 for E-max/1 and p < 0.05 for time to peak enhancement). Discriminant analysis correctly predicted the metastatic occurrence at 2 years in 90.5% of cases using E-max/1 (p < 0.001). Histologic grade resulted in lower rates of discrimination (66.7%; p < 0.05). DCE-MRI parameters may help in the prediction of MVD and histologic grade in CRC and may be used to predict therapeutic outcome.Öğe The effects of taking chronic nitrate by drinking water on thyroid functions and morphology(Springer, 2005) Eskiocak, S; Dundar, C; Basoglu, T; Altaner, SNitrate incorporation in humans takes place via drinking water and food. The water used for drinking and cooking in the goitrous areas is high in nitrate content. The aim of the present study was to evaluate both chronic effects and the dose-response relationship of nitrate on thyroid functions. A total of rats were divided into 5 work groups and sodium nitrate was added to their drinking water in different concentrations (0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 mg/l) over a 30-week period. The radioiodine uptake of thyroid was decreased in the 50 mg/l nitrate group, whereas it was increased in the 250 and 500 mg/l nitrate groups as compared to control. All hormones of thyroid gland except total thyroxine and thyroid-stimulating hormone were decreased in the 50, 250 and 500 mg/l nitrate groups. However, the level of total thyroxin was increased in the 100 mg/l nitrate group. Thyroid gland weights were increased in all experimental groups. Histomorphological changes were observed in the 250 and 500 mg/l nitrate groups. These findings suggest that nitrate impairs thyroid function involving the hypothalamo-hypophysio-thyroid axis. This observation could contribute to the current discussion about the acceptable daily intake of nitrate, as well as drinking water nitrate standard safety margins.Öğe Evaluation of morphine effect on tumour angiogenesis in mice breast tumour by using 99mTc-Tetrofosmin scintigraphy(Springer, 2004) Ustun, F; Durmus-Altun, G; Tuncbilek, N; Altaner, S; Uzal, MC; Berkarda, S[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Inflammatory pseudotumor of the spleen with EBV positivity: report of a case(Wiley-Blackwell, 2004) Puyan, FO; Bilgi, S; Unlu, E; Yalcin, O; Altaner, S; Demir, M; Cakir, BInflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) of the spleen is a rare benign tumor with unknown etiology. It causes problems in the diagnosis because of mimicking some hematopoetic malignancies. Here we report the case of a 36-yr-old woman complaining of nausea and insomnia. Laboratory investigations were limited to increase of leukocyte and thrombocyte count. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging showed circumscribed solid lobulated mass, measuring about 6.5 cm in diameter, located in the dorsal region of the spleen. Splenectomy was performed with the differential diagnosis including hamartoma and lymphoma of the spleen. Histological examination of the sharply demarcated splenic mass consisted of myofibroblasts and admixture of inflammatory cells. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were performed. IPT of the spleen was diagnosed. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was detected in the tumor by in situ hybridization. This rare entity is presented because of its clinical, radiological and pathological difficulties in the differential diagnosis.Öğe Inhibition of iNOS with S-methylisothiourea was impaired in wound heating in caustic esophageal burn(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2005) Basaran, UN; Eskiocak, S; Altaner, S; Ture, M; Yapar, SBObjective: Stricture formation is a late complication of caustic esophageal burn, which is a common problem in childhood. For this reason, this experimental study was designed to observe the possible effect of nitric oxide on heating and fibrosis formation in caustic esophageal burns. Materials and methods: The rats were divided into five groups. Group A (n = 12) received sham burn and treatment with saline injection. Group B (n = 34) received caustic burn. Rats in group C (n = 31), were given water supplement with 10 g/L L-arginine that was started 24 In preoperatively and continued until postoperative day 4. In group D (n = 21), S-methylisothiourea (SMT, specific inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor), was injected at a dose of 3 mg/kg i.p. at 30 min before caustic burn, and similar dose was reinjected immediatety after caustic burn. SMT 6 mg/kg/day injections continued for 4 days Long. In group E (n = 22), N omega-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, nonspecific nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor) was injected at a dose of 15 mg/kg i.p. at 30 min before caustic burn, and similar dose was reinjected immediately after caustic burn. L-NNA 30 mg/kg/day continues for 4 days. Results: Dead rates were significantly higher in group Ethan in groups A-D. The mean hydroxyproline levels in esophageal. tissue were significantly lower in groups A and B than in group D. Histopathologically, tissue damage scores in the esophageal tissue were higher in group D than in groups A-C. Conclusions: Inhibition of iNOS with SMT was impaired in wound heating due to caustic esophageal burn and provoked collagen accumulation at a later period. Those effects may due to inhibition of antioxidant, immunomodulatory and antifibrotic effects of NO. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Invasive inflammatory pseudotumor of uterine cervix(Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2005) Gücer, F; Altaner, S; Mülayim, N; Yapicier, ÖBackground. Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) of the cervix uteri has been reported in only one patient. Here, we present a case of cervical IPT with bilateral parametrial involvement causing hydroureteronephrosis. Case. A 48-year-old, gravida 2, para 1, woman was referred for evaluation of lower abdominal pain and right-sided hydroureteronephrosis. On speculum and colposcopic examinations, the cervix appeared normal. Computed tomography scan revealed a 5 cm x 4 cm mass in the cervix invading both parametria. At laparotomy, the cervix was globally enlarged and both parametria were infiltrated by a tumor of rubbery consistency. After freeing both ureters, the cervix was removed with bilateral parametria and 2-cm vaginal cuff. Histologically, the tumor was characterized by proliferation of fibroblast-like spindle cells and diffuse infiltration of plasma cells and lymphocytes. lmmunohistochemical staining showed that the lymphocytes were polyclonal. Immunostaining for smooth muscle actin was negative. The tumor was thus identified as inflammatory pseudotumor. Cervical stroma, bilateral parametria, and subepithelial tissues of the vagina were involved with tumor. However, invasion was not identified in the epithelia of the cervix and vagina or surgical margins of the resected specimen. Postoperative Course was uneventful. There is no evidence of recurrent disease 8 months following surgery. Conclusion. The case we present is the second reported case of cervical IPT. It is unique in showing locally aggressive behavior. Surgical resection appears to be the treatment of choice for IPT. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the skin in chronic myeloid leukaemia(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2003) Pamuk, GE; Turgut, B; Vurul, Ö; Demir, M; Tek, M; Altaner, SHydroxyurea is a ribonucleotide diphosphate reductase inhibitor used in the treatment of patients with myeloproliferative disorders. Hydroxyurea has some dermatological side-effects. It has recently been recognized that hydroxyurea can induce squamous cell and basal cell carcinomas of skin. We present the case of an elderly man with chronic myeloid leukaemia who was treated with hydroxyurea for 4 years, with good control of his disease. However, in addition to the appearance of various skin lesions and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma after 3 years of therapy, he was found to have a metastatic squamous cell carcinoma after 4 years. Hydroxyurea was discontinued, and he underwent surgery and radiotherapy. The patient subsequently died of ventricular fibrillation. We present this case to draw attention to the association between hydroxyurea and secondary skin cancers and to emphasize the need for dermatological examination before and during the course of hydroxyurea therapy.Öğe Multifocal mesenchymal hamartoma of the chest wall(Wiley, 2006) Altaner, S; Yoruk, Y; Bilgi, S; Puyan, FO; Doganay, L; Kutlu, KChest wall hamartomas are extremely rare. Frequently mesenchymal hamartomas are presented as a single mass and contain some primitive mesenchymal elements such as chondroid and trabecular bone structures. A 60-year-old man presented to hospital with chest pain. Thirteen years earlier, his CXR and thoracic CT showed three masses on the right and two masses on the left, but he had not received any treatment thereafter. His CT showed the same masses present 13 years earlier, but they were bigger and right thoracotomy was undertaken. At thoracotomy, two sections of the mass in the right posterior mediastinum and one section of the mass in the right apex were excised. They had an occasional bloody appearance and contained small cystic areas, and some areas were extremely hard. Microscopic examination showed that the lesions consisted of mature adipose tissue, a large number of veins of different diameters and collagen tissue. Besides, primitive mesenchymal elements, lymphoid cell accumulations and trabecular bone structures were seen focally. Bilateral chest wall hamartomas are extremely rare and may be confused with malignancy.Öğe Prevention of cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian damage by concomitant administration of GnRHa in mice(I R O G Canada, Inc, 2004) Yüce, MA; Kaplan, PB; Gücer, F; Doganay, L; Altaner, S; Canda, T; Yardim, TObjective (s): This experimental study investigates the dose-related effects of cyclophosphamide (Cy) on primordial follicular reserve in young mice, and examines whether the concomitant administration of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) may protect gonadal reserve, even at different doses of Cy. Methods: Forty sexually mature virginal Balb/c mice aged five to six weeks were administered different doses (0, 50, 75,100 mg/kg) of Cy. Another 40 animals were treated with increasing doses (10, 50, 75, 100 mg/kg) of Cy in combination with GnRHa. GnRHa treatment was initiated one week prior to chemotherapy and also continued after chemotherapy for one week. The ovaries were removed seven days after Cy administration and the total number of primordial follicles in both ovaries was counted. Results: Primordial follicular destruction occurred at all levels of Cy exposure. There was a positive correlation between increasing doses of Cy and higher proportion of follicular loss (p < 0.0001). GnRHa was not able to protect against the chemotherapy-induced negative effect on primordial follicular count at low doses (50 mg/kg and 75 mg/kg). Mean +/-SD primordial follicle count in the 100 mg/kg Cy-treated group was significantly lower than in the 100 mg/kg Cy + GnRHa treatment group (73.9 +/- 33.1 vs 89 +/- 17.9, p = 0.047). Conclusion: Our data suggest a possible ovarian protective effect of GnRHa cotreatment only at high doses of Cy treatment. However, in spite of co-administration of GnRHa, loss of primordial follicular reserve occurred at all doses of Cy in mice.Öğe Primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma with lung and lymph node metastases(Wiley, 2004) Doganay, L; Bilgi, S; Aygit, C; Altaner, S[Abstract Not Available]Öğe The protective effect of amifostine on radiation-induced acute pulmonary toxicity(Elsevier Science Inc, 2004) Uzal, C; Durmus-Altun, G; Caloglu, M; Ergülen, A; Altaner, S; Yigitbasi, NOPurpose: The purpose of this study was to determine by using Tc-99m-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) lung scintigraphy whether amifostine given before irradiation protects alveolocapillary integrity in a rabbit model. Methods and Materials: Twenty white New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups: (1) control (CONT), (2) amifostine alone (AMF), (3) radiation (RAD), and (4) radiation plus amifostine (RAD + AMF). The AMF and RAD + AMF groups received amifostine. The RAD and RAD + AMF groups were irradiated to the right hemithorax with a single dose of 20 Gy using a Co-60 treatment unit. Amifostine (200 mg/kg) was given i.p. 30 min before irradiation. The (99)mTc-DTPA radioaerosol study was performed 14 day after irradiation. Results: The mean clearance rate of Tc-99m-DTPA in control subjects was 140 +/- 21 min. The highest It, value was noted in the RAD group (603 105 min, p = 0.001). There were no significant differences between the Tc-99m-DTPA lung clearance rates of the CONT, RAD + AMF (238 +/- 24 min), and AMF groups (227 +/- 54 min). The mean penetration index values of CONT, RAD, AMF, and RAD + AMF are 63% 1.6%, 63% 2.5%, 60% 2.9%, and 63% 2%, respectively. Conclusions: We concluded that amifostine treatment before the lung irradiation protects the lung alveolocapillary integrity. This study confirms the protective effect of amifostine in an acute phase of radiation lung injury. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc.Öğe Protective effect of melatonin on contractile activity and oxidative injury induced by ischemia and reperfusion of rat ileum(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2005) Ozacmak, VH; Sayan, H; Arslan, SO; Altaner, S; Aktas, RGFree radicals derived from molecular oxygen have been reported to be responsible for changes in motility and mucosal damage observed in intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Melatonin has been considered as an antioxidant that prevents injuries resulted from I/R in various tissues. The present study was designed to determine the effect of melatonin on the contractile responses of acetylcholine (Ach) and KCl, on malondialdehyde (MDA), a product of lipid peroxidation, and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and to assess histopathological changes in the smooth muscle of terminal ileum subjected to ischemia-reperfusion. The intestinal ischemia-reperfusion was induced by occlusion of superior mesenteric artery of rat for 30 min, followed by a period of reperfusion for 3 h. Melatonin at doses of 10 or 50 mg/kg was administered via the tail vein in 5 min prior to reperfusion. Following reperfusion, segments of terminal ileum were rapidly taken and transferred into isolated organ bath and responses to Ach and KCl were recorded. Samples of terminal ileum were also taken for measuring the MDA and GSH levels. EC50 values of these contracting substances were seriously reduced in the ischemia-reperfusion group compared to that of the sham-operated control group. The decreased contraction response to Ach and KCl was significantly ameliorated by a dosage of 50 mg/kg of melatonin, while not by a dosage of 10 mg/kg. Similar pattern of the effect was observed in the tissue levels of MDA and GSH as well as in histological improvement. Melatonin appeared to be restoring the amounts of tissue MDA and GSH back to about control levels. These results suggest that the high dose of melatonin not only physiologically but also biochemically and morphologically could be useful to normalize contractility injured by oxidative stress in intestinal ischemia-reperfusion. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis in a patient with acute lymphoid leukemia regression after G-CSF therapy(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2003) Pamuk, GE; Turgut, B; Vural, Ö; Demir, M; Hatipoglu, O; Ünlü, E; Altaner, SPulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is the intra-alveolar accumulation of periodic-acid schiff (PAS) positive material. PAP is one of the underrecognized causes of pulmonary infiltrates in patients with hematologic malignancies. Here, we present a patient with acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) in first remission that developed fever and diffuse pulmonary infiltrates during the neutropenic stage of consolidation chemotherapy. The histopathologic examination of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and transbronchial biopsy specimen demonstrated the presence of PAS-positive eosinophilic material. Empirical antibiotherapy and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) were given. After the correction of neutropenia with G-CSF, the patient's fever disappeared, acute phase reactants decreased, pulmonary infiltrates resolved. We present this case because it was the first patient in whom the correction of neutropenia with G-CSF was followed by resolution of PAP.Öğe Value of technetium-99m diethyltriamine pentaaceticacid radioaerosol inhalation lung scintigraphy for the stage of amiodarone-induced pulmonary toxicity(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2004) Durmus-Altun, G; Altun, A; Salihoglu, YS; Altaner, S; Berkada, S; Ozbay, GBackground: Amiodarone is a potent antiarrhythmic agent that is limited in clinical use by its adverse effects, including potentially life threatening amiodarone-induced pulmonary toxicity (AIPT). The alteration of technetium-99m diethyltriaminepentaaceticacid (Tc-99m DTPA) radioaerosol lung clearance in AIPT was experimentally investigated. Methods: Eighteen white New Zealand rabbits (initial weight 4.1 +/- 0.2 kg) were divided into two groups. AIPT group (n = 13) was administered amiodarone (20 mg/kg BW) ip as a 5% aqueous solution for 6 week. The controls (n = 5) were administered the same amount of 0.9% saline ip. Four rabbits of AIPT group died due to AIPT. The reminders of AIPT group (n = 9) and controls underwent Tc-99rn DTPA radioaerosol lung scintigraphy at the end of the treatment period. AIPT group was divided into two subgroups according to histopathologic evaluation. AIPT-I had interstitial pneumonitis (n = 4) and AIPT-II had interstitial pneumonitis with fibrosis (n=5). Results: The mean T-1/2 values of in control, AIPT-I, and AIPT-II groups were found 54 +/- 4.4, 39.2 +/- 11.7 and 114.6 +/- 16.7 min, respectively. The mean T-1/2 values of Tc-99m DTPA significantly differ than other groups (chi(2) = 11.78, P=0.02). The significantly increased T-1/2 values was noted in AIPT-II group when compared with control (P=0.001). In contrast, AIPT-I group has significantly lower T-1/2 values than control group (P=0.03). Conclusion: We suggested that Tc-99m DTPA radioaerosol inhalation lung scintigraphy provides an accurate evaluation about stage of lung toxicity and therefore may be a useful tool for the monitoring of AIPT. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
