Hypergonadotropic Hypogonadism: Management of Infertility

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dc.authoridÇevik, Gökhan/0000-0001-5221-5132
dc.authoridSalabaş, Emre/0000-0002-8663-2476
dc.authoridCilesiz, Nusret Can/0000-0003-2115-698X
dc.authoridKalkanli, Arif/0000-0001-6509-4720
dc.authoridKadioglu, Ates/0000-0002-4239-7638
dc.authorwosidKalkanli, Arif/AAL-1823-2020
dc.authorwosidÇilesiz, Nusret Can/AAA-1593-2022
dc.authorwosidÇevik, Gökhan/GZA-3993-2022
dc.authorwosidSalabaş, Emre/GXE-9739-2022
dc.contributor.authorKalkanli, Arif
dc.contributor.authorAkdere, Hakan
dc.contributor.authorCevik, Gokhan
dc.contributor.authorSalabas, Emre
dc.contributor.authorCilesiz, Nusret Can
dc.contributor.authorKadioglu, Ates
dc.date.accessioned2024-06-12T11:03:34Z
dc.date.available2024-06-12T11:03:34Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.departmentTrakya Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractBackground: Medical treatments are used either alone or in combination with assisted reproductive techniques for the treatment of infertile patients with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. A wide range of treatment options such as gonadotropins, aromatase inhibitors (AIs), selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) and their combination are available as options. Objective: The aim of this review was to evaluate treatment options for infertile men with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. Methods: A literature search of MEDLINE (1980-2019) was conducted using the terms 'hypogonadism', 'male infertility', 'gonadotropins', 'SERMs' and 'AIs'. Pathologies leading to hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and treatment modalities such as gonadotropins, SERMs, AIs and surgical treatment were discussed. Results: FSH increases spontaneous pregnancy rates but the level of evidence was proven to be low for live birth rates. AIs are valid treatment options for patients with low T/E2 ratio as they significantly increase sperm concentrations. SERMs are recommended for infertile males with a sperm concentration between 10-20 million. Varicocele was reported to increase testosterone levels of hypogonadic infertile males. Conclusion: Medical treatment modalities such as gonadotropins, SERMs, AIs and a combination of these therapies has been showed to have some effect in improvement of fertility but is not mainstream of the treatment.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.2174/1381612826666201102110456
dc.identifier.endpage2795en_US
dc.identifier.issn1381-6128
dc.identifier.issn1873-4286
dc.identifier.issue24en_US
dc.identifier.pmid33138760en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85107237712en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2en_US
dc.identifier.startpage2790en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.2174/1381612826666201102110456
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14551/21691
dc.identifier.volume27en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000683272500008en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ3en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherBentham Science Publ Ltden_US
dc.relation.ispartofCurrent Pharmaceutical Designen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectHypergonadotropic Hypogonadismen_US
dc.subjectMale Infertilityen_US
dc.subjectEmpirical Medical Treatmenten_US
dc.subjectGonadotropinsen_US
dc.subjectAromatase Inhibitorsen_US
dc.subjectSelective Estrogen Receptor Modulatorsen_US
dc.subjectTesticular Sperm Extractionen_US
dc.subjectFollicle-Stimulating-Hormoneen_US
dc.subjectHuman Chorionic-Gonadotropinen_US
dc.subjectIdiopathic Male-Infertilityen_US
dc.subjectKlinefelter Syndromeen_US
dc.subjectNonobstructive Azoospermiaen_US
dc.subjectClomiphene Citrateen_US
dc.subjectVaricocele Repairen_US
dc.subjectCompensated Hypogonadismen_US
dc.subjectAromatase Inhibitorsen_US
dc.titleHypergonadotropic Hypogonadism: Management of Infertilityen_US
dc.typeReview Articleen_US

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