Balkan dil birliği ve türkçe
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2019
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
19. yüzyılda Ferdinand de Saussere’nin yazılarına dayanarak Avrupa’da yapısal dilbilim ortaya çıktı. 20.yy.da bu akım, çağdaş dilbilimin gelişiminde belirleyici bir rol oynayarak 20li ve 30lu yıllarda Prag dilbilim ekollü yapısal dilbilimin esas olarak alındığı “dil birliği” teorisini ortaya attı (Trubetskoy). Bu teori; çeşitli dil gruplarının veya ailelerinin tarih boyunca çok fazla temasta bulunmasıyla ilkel yapısının değişerek ortak yapısal benzerlikler oluşturabileceği görüşündeydi. Dil birlikleri de bu şekilde oluştu. Bu teorinin en önemli örneklerinden biri de Balkan Dil Birliği’dir. İçerdiği diller Bulgarca/Makedonca, Rumence, Arumence, Arnavutça ve Yunancadır. Bu diller yapısal bakımdan birçok benzerliği paylaşmaktadır. Bu tezde Balkan Dil Birliği’ni inceleyen Balkanolojinin bölgesel dilbilimin ayrı bir kolu olarak ortaya çıkmasını ve gelişimini inceleyeceğiz. Balkan coğrafyası içerisinde yer alan Türkiye’nin dili Türkçe Balkanoloji’den dışlanmıştır. Dışlanma sebepleri ise yapısal dilbilime göre zengin ekleşme ve oldukça gelişmiş hal sistemine sahip olan Türkçe, yapısı bakımından bükümlü ve analitik diller olduğundan Balkan dillerine taban tabana zıt bir dildir. Bu sebeple Balkan Dil Birliği ile uğraşan dilbilimciler Türkçeyi Balkan dili olarak görmemişler ve fiilen dilbilimsel Balkanoloji’den dışlamışlardır. Yani Türkçe yalnızca coğrafi açıdan Balkan dilleri arasında yerini alırken dilbilim açısından Balkan dili olarak kabul edilmemiştir. Türkçenin Balkan dilleri üzerine etkisi, yalnızca leksikoloji alanında sınırlanmıştır, oysa ki Türk dili yapısal dilbilimde de karşımıza çıkmaktadır.
In the 19th century, a structural linguistics emerged in Europe based on the writings of Ferdinand de Saussere. In the twentieth century, this movement played a decisive role in the development of contemporary linguistics and introduced the theory of ğı language unity bir (Trubetskoy), in which, in the 20s and 30s, Prague linguistics was based on structural linguistics. This theory; The fact that various language groups or their families had too much contact throughout history, could change their primitive structure and create common structural similarities. This is the way the language associations. One of the most important examples of this theory is the Balkan Language Association. The languages included are Bulgarian / Macedonian, Romanian, Arumence, Albanian and Greek. These languages share many similarities in structural terms. In this thesis, we will examine the emergence and development of Balkanology as a separate branch of regional linguistics. Located language of Turkey in the Balkans were excluded from the Turkish Balkanology. The reasons for exclusion are Turkish language, which is rich in terms of structural linguistics and has a highly developed state system, and is diametrically opposed to Balkan languages because it is twisted and analytical languages in terms of structure. For this reason, the linguists dealing with the Balkan Language Association did not consider Turkish as Balkan language and de facto excluded it from linguistic Balkanology. In other words, Turkish is not only accepted as a Balkan language in terms of linguistics while it is one of the Balkan languages. The influence of Turkish on Balkan languages is limited not only in lexicology but also in structural linguistics.
In the 19th century, a structural linguistics emerged in Europe based on the writings of Ferdinand de Saussere. In the twentieth century, this movement played a decisive role in the development of contemporary linguistics and introduced the theory of ğı language unity bir (Trubetskoy), in which, in the 20s and 30s, Prague linguistics was based on structural linguistics. This theory; The fact that various language groups or their families had too much contact throughout history, could change their primitive structure and create common structural similarities. This is the way the language associations. One of the most important examples of this theory is the Balkan Language Association. The languages included are Bulgarian / Macedonian, Romanian, Arumence, Albanian and Greek. These languages share many similarities in structural terms. In this thesis, we will examine the emergence and development of Balkanology as a separate branch of regional linguistics. Located language of Turkey in the Balkans were excluded from the Turkish Balkanology. The reasons for exclusion are Turkish language, which is rich in terms of structural linguistics and has a highly developed state system, and is diametrically opposed to Balkan languages because it is twisted and analytical languages in terms of structure. For this reason, the linguists dealing with the Balkan Language Association did not consider Turkish as Balkan language and de facto excluded it from linguistic Balkanology. In other words, Turkish is not only accepted as a Balkan language in terms of linguistics while it is one of the Balkan languages. The influence of Turkish on Balkan languages is limited not only in lexicology but also in structural linguistics.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Balkan Dil Birliği, Balkanoloji, Türkçe, Dilbilim, Balkan Language Union, Balkanology, Turkish, Linguistics
