History of Islamic Medical Schools in Turkey’s Territory

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dc.contributor.authorÇıkmaz, Selman
dc.contributor.authorMesut, Recep
dc.date.accessioned2021-11-20T10:10:07Z
dc.date.available2021-11-20T10:10:07Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.departmentFakülteler, Tıp Fakültesi, Temel Tıp Bilimleri Bölümü, Anatomi Anabilim Dalıen_US
dc.description.abstractIn today’s political borders of the Republic of Turkey, there exist very old institutions that train physicians according to Islamic medical science. In this study, 19 health institutions whose locations have been determined and documents finalized were approached in a chronological order and classified according to the historical periods: XIIth and XIIIth centuries (Seljukian period)-10, XIVth century (Ilkhanate dominion)-1, and XVth-XVIIth centuries (Ottoman period)-8 institutions. Some of them have a history of 900 years (Konya Mâristan-ı Atik, 1113; and Mardin Eminüddin Bimaristanı, 1122). In addition, some are in the form of a medical madrasah and an application hospital (Kayseri, 1206; Sivas, 1217). In these institutions, great masters of Islamic medicine (Razi, Fârâbî, Bîrûnî, İbni Sina) and ancient authorities (Hippocrates, Dioscorides, Aretaeus, Galenos) were taught. These institutions had builders, rulers (sultan, melik) or mothers, wives, daughters, and sisters (the presence of female builders in these institutions attracted attention). During the Seljuk period, powerful viziers also built such institutions. These hospitals also provided free services which were considered as “charities” according to the Islamic religion. These institutions were financed by sources (shops, inns, Turkish baths, bridges, mills, vineyards, gardens, fields and annual taxes of many villages) that donated funds through the “foundation” method. Donations were made in the presence of the “kadi” (muslim judges) and many witnesses, with the written document “endowment.” These foundations were not touched by subsequent monarchs. Payment of fees, daily expenses of the physicians, assistant personel and repairing of buildings was done by the board of trustees. Twelve of these institutions are still in use for public interest (polyclinic, museum, health museum, library, university, and education center). When modern medical schools (1827) and hospitals (1842) began to be established as of the XIXth century, these historic buildings were allocated to mental patients, while some were devastated by neglect. However, in the Republic period, they have been restored and used for health and educational purposes.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.4.160en_US
dc.identifier.endpage370en_US
dc.identifier.issn2146-3123
dc.identifier.issn2146-3131
dc.identifier.issue6en_US
dc.identifier.pmid32548998en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85093975444en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ3en_US
dc.identifier.startpage361en_US
dc.identifier.trdizinid418859en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.4.160
dc.identifier.urihttps://app.trdizin.gov.tr/makale/TkRFNE9EVTVPUT09
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14551/5522
dc.identifier.volume37en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000582143700015en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ3en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakTR-Dizinen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.relation.ispartofBalkan Medical Journalen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Ulusal Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen_US
dc.snmz20240608_ID_Qen_US
dc.subject[No Keywords]en_US
dc.titleHistory of Islamic Medical Schools in Turkey’s Territoryen_US
dc.typeOtheren_US

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