Investigation and characterization of black crusts on limestone at historical buildings in the cities of Istanbul and Edirne (Turkey)

Basit Öğe Kaydı
dc.contributor.authorYildiz, Ali
dc.contributor.authorKucukkaya, Ayse Gulcin
dc.contributor.authorMihlayanlar, Esma
dc.date.accessioned2024-06-12T10:52:28Z
dc.date.available2024-06-12T10:52:28Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.departmentTrakya Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractThe formation of black crust upon building stones and the resulting damage depend upon the fabric of the stone and atmospheric effects. The formation of black crust on limestone occurs more rapidly and distinctly compared to stones such as granite and sandstone, in which the mineral calcite is absent or in small quantities in its composition. In this study, black crust formation developed on the surfaces of limestone in Istanbul and Edirne, where important historical monuments belonging to the Byzantine and Ottoman Empires are located, were examined visually, microscopically, and experimentally. The factors causing the development of this crust and their effects on weathering were determined, and comparative analyses of the black crust with the sub-layer stone were made. In addition, by classifying the morphology, chemical structure, mineralogical composition, and damage to the stone by the black crust, chemical, and physical weathering that causes surface deterioration on the stone and back of the crust were examined. Physical (Schmidt hammer), mineralogical (X-ray diffraction), petrographic (polarizing microscopy), chemical (inductively coupled plasma-emission spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry), and microstructural (field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry) analyses were carried out to characterize this process. The black crust formation on limestone was shown to be caused by sulfation.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipTrakya University Research Project Fund (TUBAP) [TUEBAP 2009/92]en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors are thankful to the financial support provided by Trakya University Research Project Fund (TUBAP) with project number of TUEBAP 2009/92.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1080/10739149.2023.2264956
dc.identifier.endpage308en_US
dc.identifier.issn1073-9149
dc.identifier.issn1525-6030
dc.identifier.issue3en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85173644155en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ3en_US
dc.identifier.startpage291en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1080/10739149.2023.2264956
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14551/18712
dc.identifier.volume52en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001083957000001en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityN/Aen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherTaylor & Francis Incen_US
dc.relation.ispartofInstrumentation Science & Technologyen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectArchitectural Analysisen_US
dc.subjectBlack Crusten_US
dc.subjectGypsumen_US
dc.subjectLimestoneen_US
dc.subjectStone Decayen_US
dc.subjectAtmospheric Simulation Chamberen_US
dc.subjectAir-Pollutionen_US
dc.subjectParticulate Matteren_US
dc.subjectVehicle Exhausten_US
dc.subjectUrbanen_US
dc.subjectStonesen_US
dc.subjectDeteriorationen_US
dc.subjectMechanismsen_US
dc.subjectMonumentsen_US
dc.subjectGrowthen_US
dc.titleInvestigation and characterization of black crusts on limestone at historical buildings in the cities of Istanbul and Edirne (Turkey)en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

Dosyalar

Koleksiyon

WoS İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu
Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu