Hüseyin Cozo'nun fıkhi konularla ilgili fetvalarının tahlili
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Date
2022
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Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Abstract
20. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında Yugoslavya’daki İslâm Birliğinin en önemli şahsiyetlerinden biri Hüseyin Cozo’ydu. İslâm hukuku alanında eğitim almış olmasına rağmen, İslâmî ilimlerin diğer alanlarındaki katkısı da ölçülemeyecek kadar büyüktür. Yirmi yılı aşkın sıkı bir çalışmayla 900’e yakın fetva yayınlayan Cozo, 250’den fazla makale yazmış ve Kur’an-ı Kerim’in ilk dört cüzünün tefsirini yapmıştır. Bunların yanı sıra İslâm İlâhiyat Fakültesi’nin kurulması fikrini ortaya atan isim olduğu gibi, bazı İslâmî dergilerin kuruculuğunu ve baş editörlüğünü yapmıştır. İctihadı yeniden canlandırmaya çalışmak, taklide karşı mücadele etmek, ıslaha ve tecdide çağrıda bulunmak, onun itici gücü ve temel belirleyici özellikleriydi. Bunun en iyi göstergesi de kendisini her fırsatta Hanefî mezhebine bağlı olduğunu vurgulamasına rağmen, fetvalarında diğer mezheplerden de istifade etmesidir. Bu çalışmada onun fıkhî görüşleri gösterilmiş ve en karakteristik fetvalarının tahlili yapılmıştır. Onun özgünlüğünün en iyi görüldüğü ve kendisinin en çok tanındığı fetvalardan biri de onun dinî kurumların ihtiyaçları için zekât ve sadakatü’l-fıtrenin toplanmasıyla ilgili olan fetvasıydı. O dönemlerde siyasi iktidarın sebep olduğu, kendilerini son derece ağır bir finansal krizin içinde bulan Müslümanlar için onun bu fetvası sayesinde yardımların toplanması, söz konusu fetvasının çok önemli bir araç olduğunu göstermektedir.
Husein ?ozo was, and still is, one of the most important figures of Islamic community of Yugoslavia during the second half of the 20th century. Despite getting educated primarily in the field of Islamic law, his contribution is immeasurable in other areas of Islamic sciences as well. During more than twenty years of continuous work, ?ozo issued about 900 fatwas, published more than 250 articles, written a tafsir of the first four juzes of the Holy Quran, was one of the conceptual originators of the Islamic Theological Faculty in Sarajevo, as well as being editor-in-chief and founder of some of the most respected Islamic journals. Advocating for the revival of ijtih?d, the fight against taql?d, as well as the call for renewal and reform were its driving force and fundamental determinant. The best indicator of this are his fatwas, wherein he, although he repeatedly emphasizes his affiliation with the Hanafi madhab, offered solutions utilizing teaching of the other three madhabs as well. The aim of this paper, besides a review of his contemplations of Islamic jurisprudence, is analyzing some of his fatwas that most define his work. One of those fatwas, praised for his typical originality and the one that is most associated with him, is the fatwa about collecting zakat and sadaqat alfitr for the needs of religious institutions. History has shown that this fatwa was of fundamental meaning for Muslims of Yugoslavia, who found themselves in an extremely difficult financial situation due to political powers of the time.
Husein ?ozo was, and still is, one of the most important figures of Islamic community of Yugoslavia during the second half of the 20th century. Despite getting educated primarily in the field of Islamic law, his contribution is immeasurable in other areas of Islamic sciences as well. During more than twenty years of continuous work, ?ozo issued about 900 fatwas, published more than 250 articles, written a tafsir of the first four juzes of the Holy Quran, was one of the conceptual originators of the Islamic Theological Faculty in Sarajevo, as well as being editor-in-chief and founder of some of the most respected Islamic journals. Advocating for the revival of ijtih?d, the fight against taql?d, as well as the call for renewal and reform were its driving force and fundamental determinant. The best indicator of this are his fatwas, wherein he, although he repeatedly emphasizes his affiliation with the Hanafi madhab, offered solutions utilizing teaching of the other three madhabs as well. The aim of this paper, besides a review of his contemplations of Islamic jurisprudence, is analyzing some of his fatwas that most define his work. One of those fatwas, praised for his typical originality and the one that is most associated with him, is the fatwa about collecting zakat and sadaqat alfitr for the needs of religious institutions. History has shown that this fatwa was of fundamental meaning for Muslims of Yugoslavia, who found themselves in an extremely difficult financial situation due to political powers of the time.
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Keywords
Hüseyin Cozo, Boşnak alimi, Fetva, Tahlil, Zekât, İctihad, Taklîd, Husein Đozo, Bosnian, Alim, Fatwa, Analysis, Zakat, Ijtihād, Taqlīd
