Edirne il mekezi lise öğrencilerinde fiziksel aktivitenin ve yeme davranışının değerlendirilmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2020
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Dünya Sağlık Örgütü, ergenlik dönemini yaşamın 10-19 yaş arasındaki evresi olarak tanımlamıştır. Ergenlerin dünya nüfusunun içindeki payı yaklaşık % 20’dir. Ergenlik dönemi, fiziksel ve psikolojik değişikliklerle karakterize olan, yaşamda, bebeklik çağından sonraki ikinci hızlı gelişme atağının olduğu evredir. Ergenlik döneminde edinilen yanlış beslenme ve yaşam tarzı alışkanlıkları, hayatın ileri dönemlerinde kalıcı olabilmekte ve kişilerin sağlığını yaşamı boyunca etkileyebilmektedir. Çalışmanın örneklemini Edirne İl Merkezi’ndeki liselerde öğrenim gören 1540 kişiden oluşturmaktadır. Veriler 90 sorudan oluşan bir anketle toplanmıştır. Anket içinde 7 sorudan oluşan fiziksel aktivite ölçeği ve 58 sorudan oluşan yeme davranışı ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Öğrencilerin yeme davranışı ölçeğinde verdikleri cevaplara göre % 1,2’si kötü, % 43,9’u orta, % 51,8’i iyi, % 3,1’i çok iyi yeme davranışı kategorisine girmekteydi. Öğrencilerin gelir grupları ve yeme davranışları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulundu (x 2 =9,032; p=0,029). Üst gelir grubundaki öğrencilerin sosyoekonomik düzeyinin iyi olmasının beslenme alışkanlıklarına da yansımış olduğu görülmektedir. Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin beden kitle indeksleri ile yeme davranışları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulundu (x 2 =27,808; p=0,001). Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin % 21,4’ü fiziksel aktivite ölçeğine göre yeterli düzeyde aktifti. Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin fiziksel aktivite durumlarında cinsiyetlerine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark vardı (x 2 =82,665; p<0,001). Erkek cinsiyetteki öğrencilerin fiziksel aktivite ölçeğine göre aktif olma oranları, kadın cinsiyetteki öğrencilerden daha fazlaydı. Fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ölçek puanları ve yeme davranışı ölçek puanları karşılaştırıldığında iki değişken arasında düşük kuvvette pozitif yönlü bir ilişki saptandı. Çalışmamızdan elde ettiğimiz veriler değerlendirildiğinde, öğrencilerin fiziksel aktivite durumlarının ve yeme davranışlarının istenilen durumda olmadığı görülmektedir. Ergenlik döneminde gelişen yaşam tarzı alışkanlıkları kişinin hayatı boyunca sağlık durumunu etkileyecektir. Ergenlerin sağlıklı yaşam tarzı davranışları konusunda bilinçlendirilmesi, hatalı davranışların erken tespit edilip müdahale edilmesi ve daha sonraki süreçte sıkı takip edilmesi gerekmektedir. Resmi kurumların bu konuda etkin müdahalesi ile ergenlere sağlıklı yaşam tarzı alışkanlıkları kazandırılarak ve sağlık okuryazarlığı arttırılarak ileride gelişebilecek olan kronik hastalıkların riski azaltılmalıdır.
The World Health Organization has defined adolescence as the stage of life between the ages of 10-19. The share of adolescents in the world population is about 20 %. Adolescence is a phase characterized by physical and psychological changes, and is the second rapid development period in life after infancy. Wrong eating behaviors and lifestyle habits acquired during adolescence can be permanent in later life and affect people's health throughout life. The sample of the study consists of 1540 people studying in high schools in the city center of Edirne. The data were collected by a questionnaire consisting of 90 questions. International Physical Activity Questionnaire consisting of 7 questions and Eating Behavior Scale consisting of 58 questions were applied in the questionnaire. According to the answers given by the students on the Eating Behavior Scale, 1.2 % were in the category of bad eating behavior, 43.9 % were moderate, 51.8 % were good and 3.1 % were very good. A statistically significant difference was found between students' income groups and eating behaviors (x 2 =9,032; p=0,029). It is seen that the socio-economic level of students in the high income group is well reflected in their eating habits. A statistically significant difference was found between body mass indexes and eating behaviors of the students (x 2 =27,808; p=0,001). 21.4 % of the students participating in the research were sufficiently active according to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. There was a statistically significant difference in the physical activity status of the students who participated in the study according to their gender (x 70 2 =82,665; p<0,001). The male students' rate of being active according to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was higher than the female students. When the International Physical Activity Questionnaire scores and Eating Behavior Scale scores were compared, a low-power positive correlation was found between the two variables. When we evaluated the data, it was seen that the students' physical activity status and eating behaviors were not in the desired state. Lifestyle habits developed during adolescence will affect a person's health status throughout life. Adolescents should be conscious about healthy lifestyle behaviors; early behaviors should be detected and intervened early; and they should be followed up closely in the following process. With the effective intervention of official institutions, the risk of chronic diseases that may develop in the future could be reduced by gaining healthy lifestyle habits for adolescents and increasing health literacy.
The World Health Organization has defined adolescence as the stage of life between the ages of 10-19. The share of adolescents in the world population is about 20 %. Adolescence is a phase characterized by physical and psychological changes, and is the second rapid development period in life after infancy. Wrong eating behaviors and lifestyle habits acquired during adolescence can be permanent in later life and affect people's health throughout life. The sample of the study consists of 1540 people studying in high schools in the city center of Edirne. The data were collected by a questionnaire consisting of 90 questions. International Physical Activity Questionnaire consisting of 7 questions and Eating Behavior Scale consisting of 58 questions were applied in the questionnaire. According to the answers given by the students on the Eating Behavior Scale, 1.2 % were in the category of bad eating behavior, 43.9 % were moderate, 51.8 % were good and 3.1 % were very good. A statistically significant difference was found between students' income groups and eating behaviors (x 2 =9,032; p=0,029). It is seen that the socio-economic level of students in the high income group is well reflected in their eating habits. A statistically significant difference was found between body mass indexes and eating behaviors of the students (x 2 =27,808; p=0,001). 21.4 % of the students participating in the research were sufficiently active according to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. There was a statistically significant difference in the physical activity status of the students who participated in the study according to their gender (x 70 2 =82,665; p<0,001). The male students' rate of being active according to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was higher than the female students. When the International Physical Activity Questionnaire scores and Eating Behavior Scale scores were compared, a low-power positive correlation was found between the two variables. When we evaluated the data, it was seen that the students' physical activity status and eating behaviors were not in the desired state. Lifestyle habits developed during adolescence will affect a person's health status throughout life. Adolescents should be conscious about healthy lifestyle behaviors; early behaviors should be detected and intervened early; and they should be followed up closely in the following process. With the effective intervention of official institutions, the risk of chronic diseases that may develop in the future could be reduced by gaining healthy lifestyle habits for adolescents and increasing health literacy.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Fiziksel Aktivite, Yeme Davranışı, Aile Hekimliği, Physical Activity, Eating Behaviour, Family Practice
