Grek kültüründe kahinlik: Antik Ege’de kehanet merkezleri
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2020
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
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Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi,Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Antik Ege (Yunanistan ve Batı Anadolu) coğrafyası içinde bulunan kehanet merkezleri tezin kapsamını ve amacını oluşturmaktadır. Bu açıdan bakıldığında; Antik Yunanistan’daki en önemli kehanet merkezleri: Dodona, Delphi’dir. Antik Batı Anadolu’daki en önemli kehanet merkezleri: Didyma, Klaros, Smintheion ve Hierapolis’dir. Tez kapsamında bu kehanet merkezleri araştırılacaktır. Kehanet inancının Grek tarihinde (MÖ 756-31) ve Ege coğrafyasında kültürel açıdan bıraktığı izler incelenmiş ve derlenmiştir. “Kâhinlik - Kehanet”, çok eski uygarlıklardan beri var olan bir uzmanlık alanı olup, kısaca, “meydana gelecek olayları ilahi divinasyon yani Tanrı’nın bedene girip, o beden aracılığı ile konuşarak gelecek hakkında bilgi vermesi.” olarak tanımlayabiliriz. Eski uygarlıklar içinde kâhinlik çalışmalarına önem vermemiş bir uygarlık yok gibidir. Antik Çağlar’da birçok toplumda kehanet inancı bulunuyordu. “Kehanet” inancı, birbirleri arasında farklılıklar bulunsa da Mısır, Hitit, Roma vs. gibi kültürlerde de önemli bir yere sahip oldu. Ancak hiç biri Grek (Antik Yunan)’daki kadar kurumsallaşmış değildi. Kâhinlik uygulamaları içinde en bilineni, Grek kültüründe dünyanın merkezi olarak kabul edilen Delphi Kehanet Merkezinde yapılmaktaydı. Bu uygulama; Tanrı Apollon’un bakire kızlar (Pythia) aracılığıyla konuşarak geleceğe dair sorulara cevap vermesidir. Grekler’de kâhinlik çalışmaları özellikle Apollon tapınaklarının bulunduğu kehanet merkezlerinde yoğunluk kazanmıştı. Delphi de Tanrı Apollon’a ait kehanet merkezlerinden yalnıca biriydi. Ancak literatürde Grek coğrafyasındaki ilk kehanet merkezi Zeus’a adanmış olan Dodona’dır. Tezin önemi Antik Ege’de kehanet merkezlerini inceleyerek Anadolu ve Ege tarihine ışık tutmaktır.
The divination centers in the ancient Aegean (Greece and Western Anatolia) geography constitute the scope and purpose of the thesis. When viewed from this angle; The most important divination centers in ancient Greece are Dodona, Delphi. The most important divination centers in ancient Western Anatolia: Didyma, Claros, Sminthion and Hierapolis. These divination centers will be searched within the scope of the thesis. The traces left by the divination belief in Greek history and in the Aegean geography have been examined and compiled. “Prophecy” is an area of expertise that has existed since ancient civilizations. The divination, which means that God will enter the body and speak through the body to give information about the future. There is no civilization among the ancient civilizations that did not pay attention to the studies of priests. In ancient times, many societies had faith in prophecy. Although there are differences between each other, the belief of “prophecy is Egypt, Hittite, Rome etc. It has an important place in such cultures. However, none of them was as institutionalized as in Greek (Ancient Greece). The most well-known of the soothsaying practices was made at the Delphi Divination Center, which is regarded as the center of the world in Greek culture. It is the practice of God Apollo to answer questions about the future by speaking through virgin girls. The prophecies of the Greeks were especially concentrated in divination centers where the temples of Apollo were located. The most important divination center associated with Apollo at Delphi. However, the first divination center in the Greek geography in the literature was dedicated to Zeus at Dodona. The importance of the thesis is to shed light on the history of Anatolia and the Aegean by examining the divination centers in the ancient Aegean.
The divination centers in the ancient Aegean (Greece and Western Anatolia) geography constitute the scope and purpose of the thesis. When viewed from this angle; The most important divination centers in ancient Greece are Dodona, Delphi. The most important divination centers in ancient Western Anatolia: Didyma, Claros, Sminthion and Hierapolis. These divination centers will be searched within the scope of the thesis. The traces left by the divination belief in Greek history and in the Aegean geography have been examined and compiled. “Prophecy” is an area of expertise that has existed since ancient civilizations. The divination, which means that God will enter the body and speak through the body to give information about the future. There is no civilization among the ancient civilizations that did not pay attention to the studies of priests. In ancient times, many societies had faith in prophecy. Although there are differences between each other, the belief of “prophecy is Egypt, Hittite, Rome etc. It has an important place in such cultures. However, none of them was as institutionalized as in Greek (Ancient Greece). The most well-known of the soothsaying practices was made at the Delphi Divination Center, which is regarded as the center of the world in Greek culture. It is the practice of God Apollo to answer questions about the future by speaking through virgin girls. The prophecies of the Greeks were especially concentrated in divination centers where the temples of Apollo were located. The most important divination center associated with Apollo at Delphi. However, the first divination center in the Greek geography in the literature was dedicated to Zeus at Dodona. The importance of the thesis is to shed light on the history of Anatolia and the Aegean by examining the divination centers in the ancient Aegean.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Grek Kültürü, Kâhinlik, Antik Ege, Kehanet Merkezleri, Tapınaklar, Arkeoastronomi, Greek Culture, Prophecy, Ancient Aegean, Oracle Centres, Temples, Archaeoastronomy
