Edirne merkezindeki yetişkinlerde cilt kanseri riski ve korunma davranışları
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2020
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Çalışmamızın amacı Edirne il merkezinde bulunan aile sağlığı merkezlerine kayıtlı 20-64 yaş arası yetişkinlerin cilt kanseri risk faktörleriyle ilgili bilgi düzeylerini, risk faktörlerini, korunma davranışlarını ve etkileyen faktörleri araştırmaktır. Çalışmanın evrenini Edirne'deki aile sağlığı merkezlerine kayıtlı 20-64 yaş arasındaki 119.731 kişi oluşturmaktadır. Nüfusun yaklaşık %1'ine ulaşmak hedeflenerek rastgele örneklem yöntemiyle seçilen 1250 kişiye ulaşıldı. Veriler araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan 56 sorudan oluşan anket yardımıyla toplandı. Çalışmaya katılan bireylerin ortanca yaşı 40 (ortalaması 40,62±13,05) (minimum 20, maksimum 64) idi. Katılımcıların %50,6'sı (n:632) kadın, %69,9'u (n:873) evli, %70,2'si (n:877) çocuk sahibi ve %40'ı (n:500) yüksekokul/üniversite mezunuydu. Katılımcıların %1,5'inde (n:19) birinci derece yakınında cilt kanseri öyküsü, %35,5'inde (n:444) açık saç rengi, %36,4'ünde (n:456) açık göz rengi, %35,5'inde (n:444) Fitzpatrick cilt tipi ? ve ?, %34,2'sinde (n:428) güneş lekesi ve %49,7'sinde (n:621) güneş yanığı öyküsü mevcuttu. Katılımcıların cilt kanseri risk faktörleri ve korunma davranışlarıyla ilgili 15 soruya verdikleri yanıtlar değerlendirildiğinde doğru yanıt sayısı ortanca değerinin 10 olduğu görülmüştür. Yaş ortalaması arttıkça (p=0,045) ve eğitim düzeyi azaldıkça (p<0,001) bilgi sorularına verilen doğru yanıt sayılarının azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Güneşten korunmak için en az bir önlem alan katılımcıların en sık korunma davranışları gölgede bulunmaya dikkat etme (%73,7), güneş gözlüğü kullanma (%64,9) ve güneşten koruyucu kullanma (%61,8) idi. En az uygulanan davranışlar ise geniş kenarlı şapka, uygun giysi ve şemsiye kullanımıydı. Çalışmamızda kadınlarda, eğitim düzeyi yüksek olanlarda, aylık gelir düzeyi yüksek olanlarda, benlerini düzenli kontrol edenlerde, güneş yanığı öyküsü olanlarda ve güneş lekesi olanlarda güneşten korunma davranışlarının anlamlı olarak yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Güneşten koruyucu kullanan katılımcıların yalnızca %13,2'si (n:96) güneşten koruyucuyu tüm yıl kullanmaktaydı. Ayrıca güneşten koruyucu kullananların %12,1'i (n:88) ürünü 2 saatte bir tekrarlamaktaydı. Günlük hayatta ve deniz kenarında en sık güneşten koruyucu uygulanan vücut bölgesi yüz olup, en az uygulanan bölgeler kulaklar ve ayaklardı. Çalışmamızda elde edilen sonuçlar değerlendirildiğinde, cilt kanseri risk faktörü olan bireylerin çoğunun bilinçli olmadığı ve korunma davranışlarının yetersiz olduğu görülmüştür. Hastalarla ilk temas noktası olan aile hekimlerinin cilt kanseri hakkında bilgi ve tutumlarının geliştirilmesi gereklidir. Hastalar için en kısa sürede eğitim programlarının oluşturulması gereklidir.
The aim of our study is to investigate the knowledge levels, risk factors, protection behaviors and affecting factors of adults aged 20-64 who are registered to family health centers in Edirne city center. The population of the study consists of 119.731 people between the ages of 20-64 who are registered to family health centers in Edirne province. With the aim of reaching approximately 1% of the population, 1250 people were selected with random sampling. The data were collected with a questionnaire of 56 questions prepared by the researchers. The median age of the participants was 40 (mean 40.62±13.05) (minimum 20, maximum 64). 50.6% (n:632) of the participants were female, 69.9% (n:873) were married, 70.2% (n:877) had children and 40% (n:500) were university graduates. There was a skin cancer history in the first degree relatives of 1.5% (n:19) of the participants, 35.5% (n:444) had light hair color, 36.4% (n:456) had light eye color, 35.5% (n:444) had Fitzpatrick skin type ? and ?, 34.2% (n:428) had sunspot and 49.7% (n:621) had sunburn. When the answers given by the participants to 15 questions about skin cancer risk factors and protection behaviors were evaluated, the median number of correct answers was 10. It was determined that the number of correct answers to information questions decreased, as the mean age of the participants increased (p=0.045) and education level decreased (p<0.001). The most frequent protection behaviors of the participants, who took at least one precaution to protect themselves from the sun, were careful to being in the shade (73.7%), using sunglasses (64.9%) and using sunscreen (61.8%). The least applied behaviors were the use of wide-brimmed hats, appropriate clothing and umbrella. In our study, it was found that sun protection behaviors were significantly higher in women, those with high level of education, those with high monthly income, those who regularly controlled their moles, those with a history of sunburn and those with sunspots. Only 13.2% (n:96) of the participants were using sunscreen through the year. In addition, 12.1% (n:88) of those were applying sunscreen repeats every 2 hours. In the daily life and at the seaside, the most frequently sunscreen apply area was the face, and the least were ears and feet. When the results obtained in our study were evaluated, it was seen that most of the individuals with skin cancer risk factors were not conscious and their protection behaviors was inadequate. It is necessary to improve the skin cancer knowledge and attitudes of family physicians, who are the first point of contact with patients. It is necessary to create training programs for patients as soon as possible.
The aim of our study is to investigate the knowledge levels, risk factors, protection behaviors and affecting factors of adults aged 20-64 who are registered to family health centers in Edirne city center. The population of the study consists of 119.731 people between the ages of 20-64 who are registered to family health centers in Edirne province. With the aim of reaching approximately 1% of the population, 1250 people were selected with random sampling. The data were collected with a questionnaire of 56 questions prepared by the researchers. The median age of the participants was 40 (mean 40.62±13.05) (minimum 20, maximum 64). 50.6% (n:632) of the participants were female, 69.9% (n:873) were married, 70.2% (n:877) had children and 40% (n:500) were university graduates. There was a skin cancer history in the first degree relatives of 1.5% (n:19) of the participants, 35.5% (n:444) had light hair color, 36.4% (n:456) had light eye color, 35.5% (n:444) had Fitzpatrick skin type ? and ?, 34.2% (n:428) had sunspot and 49.7% (n:621) had sunburn. When the answers given by the participants to 15 questions about skin cancer risk factors and protection behaviors were evaluated, the median number of correct answers was 10. It was determined that the number of correct answers to information questions decreased, as the mean age of the participants increased (p=0.045) and education level decreased (p<0.001). The most frequent protection behaviors of the participants, who took at least one precaution to protect themselves from the sun, were careful to being in the shade (73.7%), using sunglasses (64.9%) and using sunscreen (61.8%). The least applied behaviors were the use of wide-brimmed hats, appropriate clothing and umbrella. In our study, it was found that sun protection behaviors were significantly higher in women, those with high level of education, those with high monthly income, those who regularly controlled their moles, those with a history of sunburn and those with sunspots. Only 13.2% (n:96) of the participants were using sunscreen through the year. In addition, 12.1% (n:88) of those were applying sunscreen repeats every 2 hours. In the daily life and at the seaside, the most frequently sunscreen apply area was the face, and the least were ears and feet. When the results obtained in our study were evaluated, it was seen that most of the individuals with skin cancer risk factors were not conscious and their protection behaviors was inadequate. It is necessary to improve the skin cancer knowledge and attitudes of family physicians, who are the first point of contact with patients. It is necessary to create training programs for patients as soon as possible.
Açıklama
Tıpta Uzmanlık
Anahtar Kelimeler
Aile Hekimliği, Family Medicine
