Covid -19 pandemisinin kadınlara sosyo-ekonomik yansımaları : Türkiye değerlendirmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Covid-19 pandemisi ortaya çıktığı andan itibaren dünyanın gündemine oturmuştur. Toplumları sosyolojik, demografik, ekonomik, psikolojik pek çok alanda derinden etkileyen Covid-19 pandemisinin dünya nüfusunun yarısını oluşturan kadınlar üzerindeki etkisi de tartışmasız büyüktür. Kadınlar bugün hala birçok coğrafyada toplumsal cinsiyet kalıpları içerisine sığdırılmakta ve olası potansiyelini açığa çıkaramamaktadır. Covid-19 gibi çok yönlü etki alanına sahip pandemiler şüphesiz kadınların yaşam biçimlerini değiştirmektedir. Araştırmada Covid-19 pandemisinin kadınlara yönelik yansımalarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda dünyada ve Türkiye’de kadınların Covid-19 pandemisinden etkilenme biçimlerini ele alan araştırmalardan faydalanılmıştır. Araştırma, pandeminin başlangıcı olan 2019 yılından 2022 yılına kadar olan süreci ve Türkiye’de yaşanan değişiklikleri kapsamaktadır. Çalışma alan yazın verileri ışığında Covid-19 salgını sonrasında ortaya çıkan olguları betimsel bir durum analizi şeklinde uygulayan nitel bir araştırmadan oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre; pandemi sürecinde kadınların ev içi emek süresi ve miktarı ile aile içi kadına yönelik şiddet artmış, işgücüne katılım ve istihdam oranları azalmıştır. Tedbir ve kısıtlamalar uygulandığı dönemde bireyler eve kapanmıştır. Bu süreçte çalışma yaşamında ücretsiz izin, evden çalışma ya da esnek mesai saatleri uygulanmıştır. Eğitim hayatında ise süreli kapanma ve ardından online eğitim sistemine geçilmiştir. Bu dönemde kadın hane içinde anne, eş, işçi, temizlikçi, aşçı, öğretmen, doktor gibi pek çok kimliğe bürünmüştür. Sosyal hayatta yaşanan bu değişimler kadınların var olan rol ve sorumluluklarını arttırmıştır. Fiziksel zorluğun yanı sıra kadınlar ruhsal ve mental açıdan zorlanmış, psikolojik sorunlar yaşamıştır. Buna rağmen sayısı az olmakla birlikte bazı kadınlar bu süreci ruhsal bir aydınlanma ve kendini gerçekleştirmek için bir fırsat olarak görmüş ve süreci olumlu yönetebilmiştir.
The Covid-19 pandemic has been on the agenda of the world from the moment it emerged and has deeply affected societies in many areas such as sociological, demographic, economic, psychological, has also had an indisputably great impact on women, who make up half of the world’s population. Today, women are still fit into gender stereotypes in many geographies and can’t reveal theirpossible potential. Pandemics with a multifaceted impact, such as the Covid-19 epidemic, undoubtedly change the lifestyles of women. The aim of the study is to analyze the reflections of the Covid-19 pandemic on women. In line with this, studies that deal with women are affected by the Covid-19 pandemic in the world and in Turkey, have been utilized. The study covers the process from the beginning of the epidemic in 2019 to the present and the changes experienced in Turkey. The study consists of a qualitative research that applies the phenomena that emerged after the Covid-19 epidemic in the form of a descriptive situation analysis within the scope of the literature data. According to the findings of the research; during the pandemy, the duration and amount of women's domestic labor and violence against women in the family have increased, labor force participation and employment rates have decreased. During the pandemy when precautions and restrictions were applied, individuals were confined to the house. In this period, unpaid leave, working from home or flexible working hours were applied in working life.In the education life, after the temporary closures, the online education system was started. During this period, women assumed many identities such as mother, wife, worker, cleaner, cook, teacher, doctor in the household. These changes in social life have increased the existing roles and responsibilities of women. In addition to physical difficulties, women have experienced psychological and mental difficulties and psychological problems. Despite this, few women saw this process as an opportunity for spiritual enlightenment and self-realization and were able to manage the process positively.
The Covid-19 pandemic has been on the agenda of the world from the moment it emerged and has deeply affected societies in many areas such as sociological, demographic, economic, psychological, has also had an indisputably great impact on women, who make up half of the world’s population. Today, women are still fit into gender stereotypes in many geographies and can’t reveal theirpossible potential. Pandemics with a multifaceted impact, such as the Covid-19 epidemic, undoubtedly change the lifestyles of women. The aim of the study is to analyze the reflections of the Covid-19 pandemic on women. In line with this, studies that deal with women are affected by the Covid-19 pandemic in the world and in Turkey, have been utilized. The study covers the process from the beginning of the epidemic in 2019 to the present and the changes experienced in Turkey. The study consists of a qualitative research that applies the phenomena that emerged after the Covid-19 epidemic in the form of a descriptive situation analysis within the scope of the literature data. According to the findings of the research; during the pandemy, the duration and amount of women's domestic labor and violence against women in the family have increased, labor force participation and employment rates have decreased. During the pandemy when precautions and restrictions were applied, individuals were confined to the house. In this period, unpaid leave, working from home or flexible working hours were applied in working life.In the education life, after the temporary closures, the online education system was started. During this period, women assumed many identities such as mother, wife, worker, cleaner, cook, teacher, doctor in the household. These changes in social life have increased the existing roles and responsibilities of women. In addition to physical difficulties, women have experienced psychological and mental difficulties and psychological problems. Despite this, few women saw this process as an opportunity for spiritual enlightenment and self-realization and were able to manage the process positively.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Covid-19 Pandemisi, Kadın, Sosyal, Ekonomik, Türkiye, Covid-19 Pandemic, Woman, Social, Economic, Turkey
