Yeni Türk edebiyatında divan edebiyatı değerlendirmeleri
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışma, genel olarak Türkiye’deki edebiyat bilimi (edebiyat tarihi; edebiyat teorisi ve edebî eleştiri) üzerine bir düşünme ve sorgulama çabasıdır. Bu sorgulama çabası için, “Divan edebiyatı” üzerine üretilen teorik çalışmalar inceleme konusu olarak seçilmiştir. Burada Osmanlı/Cumhuriyet döneminde sadece Divan edebiyatı alanında değil, tüm genel edebiyat alanındaki görüşleri “hars-medeniyet”, “edebiyat”, “vezin” gibi temel kavramlardan hareketle ele alınmış, Gökalp paradigması diyebileceğimiz geleneğin daha sonraları da devam ederek bu alanda hâkim bir paradigma oluşturduğu; Yakup Kadri, Ahmet Muhip Dranas, Vedat Nedim örneklerinden hareketle gösterilmeye çalışılmıştır. Sonuçta bu alanda üretilen düşüncelerin “Divan edebiyatı” alanında olumlu, ileri ve tutarlı bir algılama ve araştırma geleneği üretemediği, bu konudaki yorum/araştırma geleneklerinin estetik/edebî kıstaslardan çok ideolojik kabullerden/varsayımlardan kaynaklandığı söylenebilir. Divan edebiyatının bu yanlış yorumu, aynı zamanda katı bir oryantalizm ve Avrupa-merkezlilikle iç içe geçmiştir. Genellikle ideolojik kaynaklı bu ötekileştirici, yabancılaştırıcı, egzotize edici nitelikler taşıyan açıklama modellerinin aşılabilmesi için, öncelikle var olan akademik araştırma geleneklerinin eleştirel, teorik ve metodolojik bir sorgulamasının yapılması gerekir.
This study is an effort of questioning and thinking on the literature science (history of literature, theory of literature and literary criticism) in Turkey in general. In this study, Theoretical studies which were produced on Ottoman literature have been selected as a research subject. Here, the ideas of Ziya Gökalp who is one of the people determining our ideas not only in Ottoman literature but also in all general literature field were handled under the influence of the basic terms rhythm (meter), literature, culture-civilisation. Tradition that we can call “Göklap paradigma” having lasted in the later periods made a dominant paradigma; it has been shown by the sample studies of Yakup Kadri, A. Muhip Dranas and Vedat Nedim which were taken as bases. Consequently, the ideas which were produced in this field couldn't have produced a pasitive, developed and coherent perception and research tradition, it can be told that the traditions of comment/research appeared from ideological acceptances and hypotheses more than aesthetical/literal criteria. The production of this dominant paradigma which has the qualification of misinterpretation of Ottoman Literature in many respects in full of a hard Orientalism and Europe centrism character. Generally, to over come the models of these expressions which have some otherisation, alienation, exotic qualifications, first exiting research traditions should be questioned in a critical, theoretical and methodological way.
This study is an effort of questioning and thinking on the literature science (history of literature, theory of literature and literary criticism) in Turkey in general. In this study, Theoretical studies which were produced on Ottoman literature have been selected as a research subject. Here, the ideas of Ziya Gökalp who is one of the people determining our ideas not only in Ottoman literature but also in all general literature field were handled under the influence of the basic terms rhythm (meter), literature, culture-civilisation. Tradition that we can call “Göklap paradigma” having lasted in the later periods made a dominant paradigma; it has been shown by the sample studies of Yakup Kadri, A. Muhip Dranas and Vedat Nedim which were taken as bases. Consequently, the ideas which were produced in this field couldn't have produced a pasitive, developed and coherent perception and research tradition, it can be told that the traditions of comment/research appeared from ideological acceptances and hypotheses more than aesthetical/literal criteria. The production of this dominant paradigma which has the qualification of misinterpretation of Ottoman Literature in many respects in full of a hard Orientalism and Europe centrism character. Generally, to over come the models of these expressions which have some otherisation, alienation, exotic qualifications, first exiting research traditions should be questioned in a critical, theoretical and methodological way.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Divan edebiyatı, İdeoloji, Ulus-devlet, Estetik, Teori, Modernizm, Gelenek, Ottoman literature, Ideology, Nation-state, Esthetic, Theory, Modernism, Tradition
