Türk demokrasisinin gelişim süreci bağlamında I. ve II. Menderes Hükümetleri dönemi ( 1950-1954)
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2019
Yazarlar
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Dergi ISSN
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Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi,Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Demokrat Parti’nin kurulması ve iktidara gelmesi Türk demokrasi tarihinin dönüm noktasıdır. 14 Mayıs 1950 seçimleri sonrası Demokrat Parti’nin iktidara gelmesiyle, 27 yıllık tek partili dönem sona ermiş, 1925 ve 1930’da başarısız olan çok partili demokrasiye geçiş çabaları başarıyla sonuçlanmış ve ulu önder Atatürk'ün ideallerinden birisi daha gerçekleşmiştir. Demokrat Parti, Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi’nin din üzerindeki baskısına son verme ve ekonomide liberalleşme vaatleriyle ezici bir çoğunlukla iktidarı elde etmiştir. Günün koşullarında askeri ve sivil bürokrasiye hâkim olan bir tek partiden iktidarı zor kullanmadan demokrasinin meşru kuralları içinde devralmasında şüphesiz CHP’nin savaş kahramanı karizmatik lideri İsmet İnönü’nün de büyük payı vardır. Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi’nin 14 Mayıs 1950 seçimlerine kısa bir süre kala seçim kanunlarında demokratik birçok değişikliğe gitmiş olması ve bu çerçevede seçimlerin yargı güvencesine bağlanması şüphesiz seçim güvenliğini olumlu yönde etkilemiştir. Nitekim bu seçimler sonrasında Atatürk’ün Başbakanlarından Celal Bayar’ın Cumhurbaşkanlığında 20 yıla yakın bir süredir TBMM’de milletvekilliği yapan etkileyici ve güçlü hatip Adnan Menderes’in Başbakanlığında 10 yıl sürecek olan Demokrat Parti iktidarı başlamıştır. Tezin konusunu oluşturan I. ve II. Menderes Hükümetleri Döneminde (1950-1954) demokratik hak ve özgürlükler alanında ağırlıklı olarak oldukça olumlu gelişmeler yaşanmıştır.
The establishment and accede of the Democratic Party is a milestone in the history of Turkish democracy. When the Democratic Party came into power after the elections of May 14, 1950, the 27-year one-party period came to an end. Thus, after several failed efforts in transition to the multi-party democracy in 1925 and 1930, the process finally resulted in success meaning that one of the ideals of the great leader Atatürk was realized. The Democratic Party gained power by an overwhelming majority, promising to put an end to the pressure of the Republican People’s Party on religion and bring liberalization in the economy. Ismet Inonu, the war hero of Republican People’s Party, undoubtedly played a major role in taking over power under the legitimate rule of democracy and without using force from a single party dominating military and civil bureaucracy. The fact that Republican People’s Party made many democratic changes in the election laws shortly before May 14, 1950 elections attaching the electoral rules to the rules of judiciary branch undoubtedly affected the security of the elections positively. As a matter of fact, it was after May 14, 1950 elections that the Democratic Party rule started under the presidency of Adnan Menderes, an impressive and powerful orator who had been a member of Parliament for nearly 20 years under the presidency of Celal Bayar, one of Atatürk's prime ministers and lasted for 10 years. During the period of I. and II. Menderes Governments (1950-1954), which is the subject of this thesis, quite a lot of important developments took place in the field of democratic rights and freedoms.
The establishment and accede of the Democratic Party is a milestone in the history of Turkish democracy. When the Democratic Party came into power after the elections of May 14, 1950, the 27-year one-party period came to an end. Thus, after several failed efforts in transition to the multi-party democracy in 1925 and 1930, the process finally resulted in success meaning that one of the ideals of the great leader Atatürk was realized. The Democratic Party gained power by an overwhelming majority, promising to put an end to the pressure of the Republican People’s Party on religion and bring liberalization in the economy. Ismet Inonu, the war hero of Republican People’s Party, undoubtedly played a major role in taking over power under the legitimate rule of democracy and without using force from a single party dominating military and civil bureaucracy. The fact that Republican People’s Party made many democratic changes in the election laws shortly before May 14, 1950 elections attaching the electoral rules to the rules of judiciary branch undoubtedly affected the security of the elections positively. As a matter of fact, it was after May 14, 1950 elections that the Democratic Party rule started under the presidency of Adnan Menderes, an impressive and powerful orator who had been a member of Parliament for nearly 20 years under the presidency of Celal Bayar, one of Atatürk's prime ministers and lasted for 10 years. During the period of I. and II. Menderes Governments (1950-1954), which is the subject of this thesis, quite a lot of important developments took place in the field of democratic rights and freedoms.
Açıklama
Yüksek Lisans Tezi
Anahtar Kelimeler
Demokrat Parti, Adnan Menderes, Genel Seçimler, Demokrasi, CHP, Democratic Party, Adnan Menderes, General Elections, Democracy, Republican People’s Party
