Diyabetli bireylerin ayak bakımına yönelik bilgi ve davranışları
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2019
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
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Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
Özet
Diyabet ülkemizde ve dünyada sıklığı giderek artan kronik bir hastalıktır. Diyabetin en önemli ve sık görülen komplikasyonlarından biri olan diyabetik ayak yaraları morbidite ve mortalite riskini arttırmaktadır. Diyabetik ayak, ayak bakımına ilişkin eğitimle önlenebilen fiziksel, psikolojik, sosyal ve ekonomik problemleri de beraberinde getiren ciddi bir komplikasyondur. Bu çalışma kamu hastaneler birliğine bağlı bir hastanenin dahiliye kliniklerinde Nisan 2016-Eylül 2016 tarihleri arasında yatmakta olan, çalışma kriterlerine uygun 205 diyabetli birey ile yüz yüze görüşülerek yapıldı. Verilerin toplanmasında Anket Formu ve literatür doğrultusunda hazırlanan “Diyabetli Bireylerin Ayak Bakımına Yönelik Bilgi ve Davranışlarını Değerlendirme Formu” kullanıldı. p<0,05 değeri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edildi. Diyabetli bireylerin; ileri yaş, erkek cinsiyet, düşük eğitim düzeyi, yüksek beden kitle indeksi, sigara kullanıyor olma, çalışmama, emekli olma, uzun tanı süresine sahip olma, diyabete eşlik eden kronik hastalık varlığı, antidiyabetikler dışında başka ilaç kullanıyor olma ve diyabete ilişkin komplikasyona sahip olma gibi özelliklerinin diyabetik ayak riskini arttırdığı belirlendi (p<0.05). Olguların yaş ve beden kitle indeksi azaldıkça ve eğitim düzeyi arttıkça ayak bakımı bilgi ve davranış puanının arttığı saptandı. Ayrıca çalışan, mesleği memur olan, geliri giderine denk ya da fazla olan, il merkezinde oturan, tip 1 diyabeti olan, ilave kronik hastalığı bulunmayan, ilave ilaç kullanmayan, diyabet komplikasyonu olmayan, ayak bakımına ilişkin daha önce bilgi sahibi olan diyabetlilerin ayak bakımı bilgi ve davranış puanının daha yüksek olduğu bulundu (p<0.05). Ayak bakımı bilgi ve davranış puanı yüksek olanların diyabetik ayak riskinin daha düşük olduğu saptandı. Diyabetlilerin büyük çoğunluğunu ayak hijyeni, tırnak bakımı, ayakkabı ve çorap seçiminde doğru bilgi ve davranışa sahipken ayak bacak egzersizleri, ayak bakımı ve ayak kontrolleri hakkında yeterli bilgi ve davranışa sahip değillerdi. Diyabetik ayak gibi birey, aile ve topluma maddi ve manevi yük getiren bir komplikasyonu eğitim ile önlemek mümkündür. Bu nedenle diyabetli bireylerin düzenli olarak ayaklarının ve ayak bakımına yönelik bilgi ve davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi, ayak bakımı konusunda eğitilmeleri ve bu eğitimlerin belirli aralıklarla tekrarlanması çok önemlidir.
Diabetes is a chronicle disease that incidence rates are rising both in Turkey and in the world. Diabetic foot wounds are one of the most common and important complications of diabetes, and increases the morbidity and mortality risk of patients. Diabetic foot, while it can be prevented with foot caring education, is a serious complication resulting in physical, psychological, social and economic problems. This study was conducted in face-to-face interviews with 205 diabetic patients who were admitted to a public hospital, that is part of the Public Hospitals Association, in the internal medicine clinics between April 2016 and September 2016, according to the study criteria. The data were collected both by a standard “Patient Information Form” and "Evaluation Form for Foot Care Knowledge and Behavior of Diabetic Individuals" that was based on literature. A value of p <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Older age, male gender, lower education level, high body mass index, smoking, unemployment, retirement, having a long diagnostic period, presence of additional chronic illness, the use of additional medication and diabetic complications are found to increase risk of diabetic foot of patients. An increase in cases? Foot Care Knowledge and Behavior points is observed with increase of education level and decrease of age and body mass index. Additionally, employment, being an office worker, having an income surplus or income-expenditure equilibrium, living in provincial center, having type I diabetes, not having any other chronical disease and any other diabetics complications, not using additional medicine, and having prior foot care information are determined to indicate a higher Foot Care Knowledge and Behavior point. It was determined that patients with higher Foot Care Knowledge and Behavior point, have lower risk of diabetic foot. While most of the diabetics have correct knowledge and behavior on foot hygiene, nail care, shoe and sock choices, they lack adequate knowledge and behavior in foot leg exercises, foot care and foot examination. It is possible to prevent diabetic foot, a complication that brings material and moral burden on individual, family and society, with education. As a result, it is very crucial that individuals should be regularly evaluated for state of their feet, and also for knowledge and behavior on foot care, and these evaluations should be reinforced through regular education on foot care.
Diabetes is a chronicle disease that incidence rates are rising both in Turkey and in the world. Diabetic foot wounds are one of the most common and important complications of diabetes, and increases the morbidity and mortality risk of patients. Diabetic foot, while it can be prevented with foot caring education, is a serious complication resulting in physical, psychological, social and economic problems. This study was conducted in face-to-face interviews with 205 diabetic patients who were admitted to a public hospital, that is part of the Public Hospitals Association, in the internal medicine clinics between April 2016 and September 2016, according to the study criteria. The data were collected both by a standard “Patient Information Form” and "Evaluation Form for Foot Care Knowledge and Behavior of Diabetic Individuals" that was based on literature. A value of p <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Older age, male gender, lower education level, high body mass index, smoking, unemployment, retirement, having a long diagnostic period, presence of additional chronic illness, the use of additional medication and diabetic complications are found to increase risk of diabetic foot of patients. An increase in cases? Foot Care Knowledge and Behavior points is observed with increase of education level and decrease of age and body mass index. Additionally, employment, being an office worker, having an income surplus or income-expenditure equilibrium, living in provincial center, having type I diabetes, not having any other chronical disease and any other diabetics complications, not using additional medicine, and having prior foot care information are determined to indicate a higher Foot Care Knowledge and Behavior point. It was determined that patients with higher Foot Care Knowledge and Behavior point, have lower risk of diabetic foot. While most of the diabetics have correct knowledge and behavior on foot hygiene, nail care, shoe and sock choices, they lack adequate knowledge and behavior in foot leg exercises, foot care and foot examination. It is possible to prevent diabetic foot, a complication that brings material and moral burden on individual, family and society, with education. As a result, it is very crucial that individuals should be regularly evaluated for state of their feet, and also for knowledge and behavior on foot care, and these evaluations should be reinforced through regular education on foot care.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Diyabet Eğitimi, Diyabetik Ayak, Bakım, Hemşire, Diabetics Education, DiabeticVFoot, Care, Nurse
