Sağlık krizinden ekonomik buhrana Korona pandemisi ve OECD üzerine bir uygulama
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Korona pandemisi 11 Mart 2020’de DSÖ tarafından küresel bir pandemi olarak ilan edilmiştir. O tarihten itibaren tüm dünyada eş zamanlı olarak benzeri görülmedik önlemler alınmıştır. Okullar, işyerleri uzun süreli olarak kapatıldı. İnsanların hareketliliği kısıtlanmıştır. Bu durum 2020 yılı boyunca sürdü. Bu dönemde evden çalışma, özellikle gelişmiş ülkelerde giderek yaygınlaşarak endüstri 4.0 süreci de yaygınlaşmıştır. Çoğu ülkede işten çıkartmalar ağır koşullara bağlandığından işsizlik sınırlı kalsa da çalışma süreleri keskin şekilde kısalmıştır. Enformel istihdamda yaşanan daralmayla, güvencesiz istihdam edilenlerin işgücü piyasasından uzun süre çıkışına yol açmıştır. Dijitalleşmeye uyumlu olmayan ve turizm, ulaştırma gibi insan hareketliliğine dayanan sektörlerde ekonomik daralmanın çok şiddetli yaşanmasına sebep olmuştur. Bu tez çalışmasında Türkiye’nin de üyesi olduğu ve üyelerinin çoğunluğu gelişiş ülkelerden oluşan OECD ülkeleri temel alınarak istatistik uygulamalar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Uygulama bulguları, OECD ülkelerinde Korona pandemisinin üretimde, dış ticarette ve çalışma sürelerinde çok keskin daralmaya yol açtığını göstermiştir. Bu durum küresel sağlık krizinin çok kısa zamanda küresel bir ekonomik buhrana dönüştüğünü desteklemektedir. Çünkü OECD ülkeleri, aynı zamanda dünya ekonomisinin büyük bölümünü temsil etmektedir.
The corona pandemic was declared a global pandemic by the WHO on March 11, 2020. Since then, unprecedented measures have been taken simultaneously all over the world. Schools and workplaces were closed for a long time. People's mobility was restricted. This situation lasted throughout 2020. During this period, working from home became increasingly common, especially in developed countries, and the industry 4.0 process became widespread. In most countries, layoffs were heavily conditionalized, so unemployment remained limited, but working hours were sharply shortened. With the contraction in informal employment, precariously employed people have been exiting the labor market for a long time. In sectors that are not compatible with digitalization and rely on human mobility such as tourism and transportation, the economic contraction has been severe. In this thesis, statistical applications were carried out based on OECD countries, of which Turkey is a member and most of its members are developed countries. The findings show that the coronavirus pandemic led to a sharp contraction in production, foreign trade and working hours in OECD countries. This supports the fact that the global health crisis quickly turned into a global economic depression because the OECD countries also represent a large part of the world economy.
The corona pandemic was declared a global pandemic by the WHO on March 11, 2020. Since then, unprecedented measures have been taken simultaneously all over the world. Schools and workplaces were closed for a long time. People's mobility was restricted. This situation lasted throughout 2020. During this period, working from home became increasingly common, especially in developed countries, and the industry 4.0 process became widespread. In most countries, layoffs were heavily conditionalized, so unemployment remained limited, but working hours were sharply shortened. With the contraction in informal employment, precariously employed people have been exiting the labor market for a long time. In sectors that are not compatible with digitalization and rely on human mobility such as tourism and transportation, the economic contraction has been severe. In this thesis, statistical applications were carried out based on OECD countries, of which Turkey is a member and most of its members are developed countries. The findings show that the coronavirus pandemic led to a sharp contraction in production, foreign trade and working hours in OECD countries. This supports the fact that the global health crisis quickly turned into a global economic depression because the OECD countries also represent a large part of the world economy.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Salgın, Pandemi, Covid-19, Sağlık krizi, Ekonomik buhran, Epidemic, Pandemic, Covid-19, Health crisis, Economic depression
