Martin Lings ve Titus Burckhardt'ın tasavvufî görüşleri
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Tarih
2020
Yazarlar
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Dergi ISSN
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Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Fransız asıllı müslüman mütefekkir René Guénon'un fikrî çatısını oluşturduğu Gelenekselci Ekol, benzer konulara odaklanmakla birlikte meşrepleri uyarınca farklı bakış açılarına sahip Frithjof Schuon ve A. K. Coomaraswamy gibi geleneği önceleyen mütefekkirlerin de katkılarıyla modernitenin dünyevî (profane) olanı öne çıkarıp uhrevî ya da kudsî olanı görmezden gelişine hatta kimi durumlarda gündem dışı kılışına bir karşıt söylem olarak doğmuştur. Bahsi geçen üç mütefekkirin yanı sıra sanat ve edebiyat yönleriyle temeyyüz eden Martin Lings (Şeyh Ebûbekir Sirâceddin) ve Titus (Sidi İbrâhim İzzeddin) Burckhardt gibi önemli şahsiyetler de felsefî ve tasavvufî görüşleri bağlamında Ekol'ün anlayışını şerh ve tafsil etmeye matuf çalışmalar ortaya koymuşlardır. Bu çalışmada, Gelenekselci Ekol'e mensup mütefekkirlerden Martin Lings ve Titus Burckhardt'ın özellikle tasavvufî görüşlerine odaklanılarak Guénon ve Schuon sonrası dönem itibarıyla tasavvufî anlayışa katkıları üzerinde durulacaktır. Zira, her iki müellif tasavvufî irfânla meşgul muhitlerde gerek nazarî gerekse amelî bakımdan ortaya koyduklarıyla büyük bir teveccühe mazhar olmuşlardır. Tezimizde, bu iki mütefekkirin birlikte ele alınışının kökeninde intisâbî yakınlıkları özellikle etkili olmuştur. Bağlam gereği bir karşılaştırma ya da benzeştirmeden çok her iki şahsiyetin görüşleri müstakillen tespit edilerek incelenmişlerdir. Ancak sonuç bölümünde çalışmanın verdiği imkân ölçüsünde iki mütefekkirin düşüncelerinde farklılaşan noktalar üzerinde durulmuştur. Çalışmamız üç ana bölüm hâlinde tertip edilmeye çalışılmıştır. İlk bölümde, genel hatlarıyla Batı'da tasavvufa dair yaklaşımlar ele alınmış, tezimize konu olan şahsiyetlerin anlayışlarındaki yapı taşlarını ortaya koyabilmek için de Ekol temsilcilerinin genel fikriyâtı ve tasavvuf ile olan irtibatı incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. İkici bölüm müstakillen Lings'in hayatı ve tasavvufî görüşlerine ayrılmıştır. Üçüncü bölüm de yapısal olarak ikinci bölüm ile aynı olup Burckhardt'a hasredilmiştir. İkinci ve üçüncü bölüm sonlarında bir değerlendirme bölümü mevcut olup çalışmanın son kısmında ayrıca genel bir sonuç bölümü bulunmaktadır.
The Traditionalist School, the intellectual basis of which was laid down by the French-born Muslim philosophers René Guénon, with the contribution of metaphysicians and scholars like Frithjof Schuon ve Ananda Kentish Coomaraswamy who prioritized the notion tradition and focused on similar issues despite having different perspectives in accordance with their disciplines, emerged as a discourse against the modernity that gives precedence to the profane and ignores or in some cases even pushes aside the sacred. In addition to the aforementioned three intellectuals, certain important figures such as Martin Lings (Shaykh Abu Bakr Sir?j al-Din) and Titus (Sidi İbr?him ?Izz al-Din) Burckhardt, who are distinguished in their artistic and literary views, have also put forward studies those aimed to explain and expound the School's perspectives in the context of their philosophical and mystical points of views. In this study, the contributions of the Traditionalist Scholars Martin Lings and Titus Burckhardt to the suf? way of thinking as of the post-Guénon and Schuon period will be emphasized by focusing especially on their views on tasawwuf. For, both authors received great favor around the society imbued with suf? wisdom for what they put forward in terms of both practice and theory. In our thesis, intimate closeness at the root of the coexistence of these two intellectuals was particularly effective. Rather than a comparison or a similarization due to the context, the views of both personalities were determined and examined separately. However, in the conclusion part, the points that differed in the thoughts of the two scholars are emphasized within the scope of the study. This study has been tried to be organized in three main sections. In the first part, approaches regarding Sufism in the West are discussed in general terms, and the general ideas belonging to the representatives of Traditionalist School as well as their connection with sufism was tried to be examined in order to reveal the corner stones in the understanding of the personalities those constitude the subject of our thesis. Second part is devoted to the life and mystical views of the individual Lings. The third part is structurally the same as the second part and is devoted to Burckhardt. There is an evaluation section at the end of the second and third sections, and there is also a general conclusion section at the end of the study.
The Traditionalist School, the intellectual basis of which was laid down by the French-born Muslim philosophers René Guénon, with the contribution of metaphysicians and scholars like Frithjof Schuon ve Ananda Kentish Coomaraswamy who prioritized the notion tradition and focused on similar issues despite having different perspectives in accordance with their disciplines, emerged as a discourse against the modernity that gives precedence to the profane and ignores or in some cases even pushes aside the sacred. In addition to the aforementioned three intellectuals, certain important figures such as Martin Lings (Shaykh Abu Bakr Sir?j al-Din) and Titus (Sidi İbr?him ?Izz al-Din) Burckhardt, who are distinguished in their artistic and literary views, have also put forward studies those aimed to explain and expound the School's perspectives in the context of their philosophical and mystical points of views. In this study, the contributions of the Traditionalist Scholars Martin Lings and Titus Burckhardt to the suf? way of thinking as of the post-Guénon and Schuon period will be emphasized by focusing especially on their views on tasawwuf. For, both authors received great favor around the society imbued with suf? wisdom for what they put forward in terms of both practice and theory. In our thesis, intimate closeness at the root of the coexistence of these two intellectuals was particularly effective. Rather than a comparison or a similarization due to the context, the views of both personalities were determined and examined separately. However, in the conclusion part, the points that differed in the thoughts of the two scholars are emphasized within the scope of the study. This study has been tried to be organized in three main sections. In the first part, approaches regarding Sufism in the West are discussed in general terms, and the general ideas belonging to the representatives of Traditionalist School as well as their connection with sufism was tried to be examined in order to reveal the corner stones in the understanding of the personalities those constitude the subject of our thesis. Second part is devoted to the life and mystical views of the individual Lings. The third part is structurally the same as the second part and is devoted to Burckhardt. There is an evaluation section at the end of the second and third sections, and there is also a general conclusion section at the end of the study.
Açıklama
Yüksek Lisans
Anahtar Kelimeler
Din, Religion
