Impact of paddy fields on water quality of Gala Lake (Turkey): An important migratory bird stopover habitat

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dc.authoridTokatlı, Cem/0000-0003-2080-7920
dc.authoridVarol, Memet/0000-0001-6475-0570
dc.authorwosidTokatlı, Cem/AAN-3814-2021
dc.contributor.authorVarol, Memet
dc.contributor.authorTokatli, Cem
dc.date.accessioned2024-06-12T11:02:24Z
dc.date.available2024-06-12T11:02:24Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.departmentTrakya Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractGala Lake is an internationally important lake due to its location on one of the world's most important bird migration routes. For this reason, water quality of the lake is of great concern. However, the lake surrounded by paddy fields may face eutrophication and toxic metal contamination due to excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides. In this study, impact of paddy fields on water quality of the Gala Lake was investigated. The concentrations of metal(loid)s and physico-chemical parameters in surface water samples taken from the lake were measured and compared with water quality guidelines. Also, human health risks and contamination status of metal(loid)s were assessed. The mean NO2, SRP and BOD concentrations in the lake exceeded the permissible levels for both salmonid and cyprinid waters. The mean BOD value indicated contaminated water quality in the lake, while mean COD and SRP values indicated lightly contaminated water quality. The mean As, Cr and Pb values in the winter exceeded the drinking water limits set by WHO and EC, while the mean Cr and Zn values exceeded the limit values for the protection of freshwater aquatic organisms set by USEPA. Similarly, heavy metal pollution index and the degree of contamination values in the winter indicated that the lake water is moderately polluted. Health risk assessment results revealed that As and Cr in the lake water via ingestion exposure pathway may pose both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks to the residents. The results of this study indicated that paddy fields are a major source of nutrients, organic matter and toxic metal(loid)s to the Gala Lake. To improve the water quality of the lake, we suggest that excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides should be controlled to reduce metal(loid) and nutrient loads from the paddy fields.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipCommission of Scientific Research Projects of Trakya University [2019/127]en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThe Commission of Scientific Research Projects of Trakya University was supported this study (2019/127). Our special thanks go to the editor Jorg Rinklebe and anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and suggestions for improving this manuscript.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117640
dc.identifier.issn0269-7491
dc.identifier.issn1873-6424
dc.identifier.pmid34182394en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85109475020en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117640
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14551/21275
dc.identifier.volume287en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000703965000003en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherElsevier Sci Ltden_US
dc.relation.ispartofEnvironmental Pollutionen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectGala Lakeen_US
dc.subjectPaddy Fieldsen_US
dc.subjectMetal(Loid)Sen_US
dc.subjectNutrientsen_US
dc.subjectAgrochemicalsen_US
dc.subjectRisk Assessmenten_US
dc.subject3 Gorges Reservoiren_US
dc.subjectHeavy-Metalsen_US
dc.subjectTrace-Metalsen_US
dc.subjectRisk-Assessmenten_US
dc.subjectSedimentsen_US
dc.subjectPollutionen_US
dc.subjectPhosphorusen_US
dc.subjectRunoffen_US
dc.subjectFluxesen_US
dc.titleImpact of paddy fields on water quality of Gala Lake (Turkey): An important migratory bird stopover habitaten_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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