Trakya Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi'ndeki intörn doktorların kuduz hastalığı ve profilaksisi hakkında bilgi düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi
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Tarih
2020
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Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Kuduz (Rabies) en eski olan birkaç zoonotik enfeksiyon hastalığı arasında yer alır. Kuduz halen tüm dünyada ve özellikle ülkemizde ciddiyetini koruyan çok önemli bir sağlık sorunu oluşturmaktadır. Rhabdoviridae ailesinden Lyssavirüs genusundan nörotrop bir RNA virüsü olup dünya üzerinde yılda ortalama 59.000 insanın ölümünden sorumlu akut, ilerleyici viral bir ensefalomyelit nedeni olarak bilinmektedir. Çalışmamızda15.09.2020 - 10.10.2020 tarihleri arasında 2019-2020 eğitim-öğretim yılının birinci döneminde tıp fakültesinde eğitim gören öğrenciler ile yapılmış olup 163 kişi katıldı. Öğrencilerin sosyo-demografik özelliklerinin sorgulandığı ve kuduz hastalığı ve profilaksi bilgilerine yönelik anket kullanılarak yapıldı. Tıp fakültesinde eğitim gören öğrencilerin kuduz hastalığı ve profilaksisi ile ilgili bilgi düzeylerini ölçmek amaçlandı. Öğrencilerin 81’i (%49,69) kadın, 82’si (%50,31) erkek idi. Yaşlarının ortalaması 24,02±1,40 yıl olarak saptandı. Öğrencilerin 85’inin (%52,15) daha önce kuduz proflaksisi ile ilgili eğitim aldığı ve eğitim alan 85 kişinin 81’inin (%96,43) TÜTF hastanesinde, 3’ünün (%3,57) diğer yerlerde eğitim aldığı tespit edildi. Öğrencilerin 33’ünün (%20,25) daha önce bir hayvan tarafından ısırıldığı, 17’sinin (%51,51) kedi, 14’ünün (%42,42) köpek tarafından ısırıldığı saptandı. Bu ısırılan öğrencilerin 18’inin (%54,54) el kol, 11’inin (%33,33) ayak bacak bölgelerinden ısırıldığı tespit edildi. Daha önce bir hayvan tarafından ısırılan öğrencilerin 27’sinin (%81,81) 0-12 saat arasında, 6’sının (%18,18) daha uzun sürede hastaneye başvurduğu tespit edildi. Öğrencilerin kuduz ile ilgili bilgi düzeylerini ölçen sorulara verdikleri yanıtlar incelendiğinde en çok doğru yanıt verilen soruların %95,71 ile ‘En önemli bulaş yolu enfekte hayvan ısırığıdır.’, %93,87 ile ‘Kuduzdan korunmada temel yol, hayvan temasından kaçınmak ve ısırılma, tırmalanma ya da mukozal temas durumlarında aşılanmaktır.’ ve %92,64 ile ‘Kuduz, insan ve memeli hayvanların çoğunda ensefalit tablosu meydana getiren viral, zoonotik bir hastalıktır.’ önergeleri olduğu görüldü. Öğrencilerin kuduz ile ilgili bilgi düzeylerini ölçen sorulara verdikleri yanıtlar incelendiğinde en az doğru yanıt verilen soruların %8,59 ile ‘Çocuk ve erişkinler için antibiyotik profilaksi süresi belirgin kirli olmayan yara durumunda 7 gün, kirli yara durumunda 14 gündür. İmmünsupresif hastalar dahil tüm hastalar 7 gün sonra tekrar değerlendirilmelidir.’, % 12,88 ile ‘Temas öncesi profilakside 0. ve 14. günlerde bir doz olmak üzere toplam iki doz aşı IM uygulanır.’ ve %13,5 ile ‘Aşı erişkinlerde ve küçük çocuklarda uyluğun anterolateral bölgesine kas içine uygulanır.’ önergeleri olduğu tespit edildi. Öğrencilerin toplam doğru yanıtları ile bilgi düzeyleri incelendiğinde, kuduzun bildiriminin yasal zorunluluk olmasını bilenlerin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve daha yüksek doğru yanıt verdiği saptandı. Öğrencilerin bilgi düzeyleri ile cinsiyetleri, evcil hayvan sahibi olmaları, kuduz proflaksi eğitimi almaları, daha önce kuduz aşısı olma durumları ve daha önce bir hayvan tarafından ısırılma durumları ile arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki saptanmadı. Sonuç olarak öğrencilerin kuduz hastalığı ile ilgili yeterli seviyede olmadığı görülmüş olup bu konu ile ilgili eğitimlerin daha sık yapılması gerektiğini düşünmekteyiz. Ayrıca öğrencilerin hastalıklar ile ilgili kılavuzları yakından takip etmelerini de sağlamak gerekmektedir.
Rabies is one of the old est zoonotic infection disease. Rabies is still a very serious health problem in the World and specially in ourcountry. It is a neurotrophic RNA virüs from the Lyssa virüs genus from the Rhabdoviridae family and is known to be the cause of acute, progressive viral encephalomyelitis responsible for the deaths of an average of 59,000 people annually World wide. Our study conducted in the first semester of the 2019-2020 academic year between 15.09.2020-10.10.2020 with 163 students studying at the faculty of medicine who agreed to participate. It was conductedusing a questionnaire in which the sociodemographic characteristics of the students were questioned and information about rabies disease and prophylaxis. It was aimed to measure the knowledge level of students studying at faculty of medicine about rabies disease and its prophylaxis. Of the 163 students, 81 (49.69%) were female, 82 (50.31%) were male. The meanage of the students was 24.02 ± 1.40 years. 85 of the students (52.15%) had previous lyreceived training on rabies prophylaxis and 81 (96.43%) of the 85 students were educated at Trakya University Faculty of Medicine Hospital, 3 (3.57%) wereeducated in otherfaculties. It was foundthat 33 (20.25%) of the students had been bitten by an animal before, 17 (51.51%) were bitten by a cat and 14 (42.42%) by a dog. It was found that 18 (54.54%) of these bitten students were bitten from the hand or arm, and 11 (33.33%) from the foot or leg areas. It was found that 27 (81.81%) of the students who were bitten by an animal before presented to the hospital in first12 hours period and 6 (18.18%) in a longer time. Among the yes-no questions that measure the knowledge level of the students about rabies, the propositions that they gave the most correct answers were 'Them ostimportant way of transmission is the bite of infected animals' with 95.71% rate, 'The main way to avoid rabies is avoiding contact with animal sand biting, scratching orvaccination in cases of mucosal contact.'' with 93.87% rate, and'Rabies is a viral, zoonotic disease that causesencephalitis in most human and mammals' with 92.64% rate. When the answers given by the students to the yes-no questions measuring their knowledge level about rabies were examined, the leastrates of correct answers of the propositions were found to be 8.59% for ‘Duration of antibiotic prophylaxis for children and adults is 7 days for potential lycontaminated wounds and 14 days for contaminated wounds. All patients, including immunosuppressive patients, should be reassessed after 7 days.’, 12.88% for 'Inpre-exposureprophylaxis, a total of two doses of vaccine are administered intramuscularly, one dose on day 0 and one döşe 14th day.'and %13,5 for ‘It is administered intramuscularly to the anterolateralregion of thethigh in young children. When the total correct answers and knowledge levels of the students were examined, it was found that those who knew that reporting rabies is a legal obligation gavestatistically sign ificant and higher correct answers. There was nostatistically signifi cant relationship between the students' level of knowledge and gender, having a pet, receiving rabies prophylaxis training, previous rabies vaccine and previous biting by an animal. Consequently, it was observed that the students were not at a sufficient level aboutrabies, and wethink that training on this subjects hould be done more frequently. It is also necessary to ensure that students follow the guidelines on diseases closely.
Rabies is one of the old est zoonotic infection disease. Rabies is still a very serious health problem in the World and specially in ourcountry. It is a neurotrophic RNA virüs from the Lyssa virüs genus from the Rhabdoviridae family and is known to be the cause of acute, progressive viral encephalomyelitis responsible for the deaths of an average of 59,000 people annually World wide. Our study conducted in the first semester of the 2019-2020 academic year between 15.09.2020-10.10.2020 with 163 students studying at the faculty of medicine who agreed to participate. It was conductedusing a questionnaire in which the sociodemographic characteristics of the students were questioned and information about rabies disease and prophylaxis. It was aimed to measure the knowledge level of students studying at faculty of medicine about rabies disease and its prophylaxis. Of the 163 students, 81 (49.69%) were female, 82 (50.31%) were male. The meanage of the students was 24.02 ± 1.40 years. 85 of the students (52.15%) had previous lyreceived training on rabies prophylaxis and 81 (96.43%) of the 85 students were educated at Trakya University Faculty of Medicine Hospital, 3 (3.57%) wereeducated in otherfaculties. It was foundthat 33 (20.25%) of the students had been bitten by an animal before, 17 (51.51%) were bitten by a cat and 14 (42.42%) by a dog. It was found that 18 (54.54%) of these bitten students were bitten from the hand or arm, and 11 (33.33%) from the foot or leg areas. It was found that 27 (81.81%) of the students who were bitten by an animal before presented to the hospital in first12 hours period and 6 (18.18%) in a longer time. Among the yes-no questions that measure the knowledge level of the students about rabies, the propositions that they gave the most correct answers were 'Them ostimportant way of transmission is the bite of infected animals' with 95.71% rate, 'The main way to avoid rabies is avoiding contact with animal sand biting, scratching orvaccination in cases of mucosal contact.'' with 93.87% rate, and'Rabies is a viral, zoonotic disease that causesencephalitis in most human and mammals' with 92.64% rate. When the answers given by the students to the yes-no questions measuring their knowledge level about rabies were examined, the leastrates of correct answers of the propositions were found to be 8.59% for ‘Duration of antibiotic prophylaxis for children and adults is 7 days for potential lycontaminated wounds and 14 days for contaminated wounds. All patients, including immunosuppressive patients, should be reassessed after 7 days.’, 12.88% for 'Inpre-exposureprophylaxis, a total of two doses of vaccine are administered intramuscularly, one dose on day 0 and one döşe 14th day.'and %13,5 for ‘It is administered intramuscularly to the anterolateralregion of thethigh in young children. When the total correct answers and knowledge levels of the students were examined, it was found that those who knew that reporting rabies is a legal obligation gavestatistically sign ificant and higher correct answers. There was nostatistically signifi cant relationship between the students' level of knowledge and gender, having a pet, receiving rabies prophylaxis training, previous rabies vaccine and previous biting by an animal. Consequently, it was observed that the students were not at a sufficient level aboutrabies, and wethink that training on this subjects hould be done more frequently. It is also necessary to ensure that students follow the guidelines on diseases closely.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kuduz, Aşı, Acil Servis, Rabies, Vaccine, Emergency Service
