Rumeli’nin fethinde sufilerin etkisi - Sarı Saltık Gazi örneği
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2019
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Rumeli, bir dönem günümüzde Sarı Saltuk?u ataları olarak gören Gagauzlar gibi Hıristiyan Türk topluluklarına ve Ba?kırtlar gibi Sarı Saltuk?tan önceleri burada Müslümanlığı ya?amı? Türk boylarına da ev sahipliği yapmı?tır. Bununla birlikte Rumeli, sıradan Hıristiyan mezheplerinden farklı olarak Bogomil diye isimlendirilen ve ?slam?ın öğretilerine yakın görülen mistik/heretik grupların da faaliyet yürüttüğü bir yer olarak kar?ımıza çıkmaktadır. Gazi, sûfî ya da alperen olarak isimlendirilen dervi?ler, Rumeli?nin Türkle?mesinde ve ?slâmla?masında büyük paya sahiptir. Rumeli?nin manen fâtihleri sayılan bu sûfîler, yerine göre sava? meydanlarında askerlerle beraber çarpı?an gaziler, yerine göre de halk arasında iyilikte yarı?an gönül erleri olarak bilinmektedir. Bu dervi?lerden biri olarak ün salmı? Sarı Saltuk?un Anadolu ve Rumeli ba?ta olmak üzere çe?itli yerlerde sayısız türbe, makam ve mezarı bulunmaktadır. Sarı Saltuk?un hayatı, olağandı?ı hadiseleri barındıran menkıbelerin etkisiyle karma?ık bir hal almı?tır. Bu yüzden azîz diye bilinen Hıristiyan din adamlarıyla kimi zaman menkıbelerinin kimi zaman da türbelerinin karı?tırıldığı görülmektedir. Günümüzde Alevî-Bekta?îlik ile özde?le?tiği görülen Sarı Saltuk?un gerek menkıbevî hayatına gerek de tarihî hayatına dayanarak onu Kalenderîlik gibi tasavvufî ekollerle bağlantılı gören ara?tırmacılar da vardır. Bununla birlikte ara?tırmacıların çoğunun birle?tiği nokta Sarı Saltuk?un Rumeli?ye göç eden bir a?iret reisi ve ?eyh olu?unun yanında Rumeli?nin fethinde büyük öneme sahip olan gazi bir dervi? olu?udur.
Rumelia was home to the Cristian Turkish communities such as the Gagauzs, who regards Sarı Saltuk as their ancestor, and to Bashkirs, that is Turkish tribes who lived in Islam before Sarı Saltuk times. And also Rumelia, became prominent with mistic/heretic groups activities, sectarian which called Bogomil, it differs from other common Cristian sectarians and its teachings were close to Islamic way of teaching. The dervishes, who were called gazi, sufi or alperen, have a big share in the Turkishization and Islamization of Rumelia. These Sufis, who are considered spiritual conquerors of Rumelia, are known as volunteers competing in favor among the people instead of those who fight with soldiers on battlefields. Sarı Saltuk, famous dervish as such has numerous tombs, maqams and graves in various places, especially in Anatolia and Rumelia. The life of Sarı Saltuk has become complicated by the influence of the stories that include extraordinary events. For this reason, it is seen that Christian clerics known as saints are sometimes confused with his legends and sometimes his tombs. Today, Sarı Saltuk is identified with Alevi-Bektashism is linked with mystical schools such as Qalandariyya on the basis of Sarı Saltuk's legendary and historic life by some researchers. However, the majority of researchers agree that Sarı Saltuk was a leader of a tribe which migrated to Rumelia, or shaykh as well as a dervish who had an enormous impact on the conquest of Rumelia.
Rumelia was home to the Cristian Turkish communities such as the Gagauzs, who regards Sarı Saltuk as their ancestor, and to Bashkirs, that is Turkish tribes who lived in Islam before Sarı Saltuk times. And also Rumelia, became prominent with mistic/heretic groups activities, sectarian which called Bogomil, it differs from other common Cristian sectarians and its teachings were close to Islamic way of teaching. The dervishes, who were called gazi, sufi or alperen, have a big share in the Turkishization and Islamization of Rumelia. These Sufis, who are considered spiritual conquerors of Rumelia, are known as volunteers competing in favor among the people instead of those who fight with soldiers on battlefields. Sarı Saltuk, famous dervish as such has numerous tombs, maqams and graves in various places, especially in Anatolia and Rumelia. The life of Sarı Saltuk has become complicated by the influence of the stories that include extraordinary events. For this reason, it is seen that Christian clerics known as saints are sometimes confused with his legends and sometimes his tombs. Today, Sarı Saltuk is identified with Alevi-Bektashism is linked with mystical schools such as Qalandariyya on the basis of Sarı Saltuk's legendary and historic life by some researchers. However, the majority of researchers agree that Sarı Saltuk was a leader of a tribe which migrated to Rumelia, or shaykh as well as a dervish who had an enormous impact on the conquest of Rumelia.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Rumeli, Sûfî, Gazi, Sarı Saltuk, Saltuknâme, Rumeli, Sufi, Ghazi, Sarı Saltuk, Saltukname
