Extraction of Cu, Fe, Mn, and Ni from margarine samples using extraction induced by emulsion breaking procedure prior to graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry and comparison of results to provisional tolerable daily intake values

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dc.authorscopusid6506767788
dc.authorscopusid8676224600
dc.authorscopusid57220082010
dc.authorscopusid55941704400
dc.authorscopusid55961119100
dc.contributor.authorKurtulus Y.B.
dc.contributor.authorBakircioglu D.
dc.contributor.authorBabac A.C.
dc.contributor.authorYurtsever S.
dc.contributor.authorTopraksever N.
dc.date.accessioned2024-06-12T10:25:21Z
dc.date.available2024-06-12T10:25:21Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.description.abstractBackground: The emulsion induced by emulsion breaking (EIEB) procedure was previously reported for the extraction of copper, iron, manganese, and nickel from liquid oil samples such as vegetable oil. Objective: To optimize the EIEB procedure for determination of copper, iron, manganese, and nickel in solid oil (margarine) samples by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (GFAAS). Methods: The extraction procedure uses a surfactant in nitric acid to form an emulsion followed by heating to break the emulsion. Optimization included variation of the test portion size, the type and concentration of the surfactant, the concentration of nitric acid in the aqueous solution, the emulsion agitation time, heating temperature, and the time required to break the emulsion. Results: Mean element concentrations of 11 margarine samples were in the following ranges: Cu 0.031-0.131 mg/g, Fe 5.7-24.9 mg/g, Mn 0.542-1.11 mg/g, and Ni 0.108-0.134 mg/g. Under the optimized extraction conditions, the detection limits (mg/kg) were 4.8, 13, 1.5, and 23 for Cu, Fe, Mn, and Ni, respectively. The accuracy of the extraction procedure was determined by comparison to commonly used microwave digestion procedure. The EIEB results were not statistically different from the microwave digestion results when analyzed by GFAAS as determined by the statistical tests. Conclusions: The EIEB procedure was shown to be equivalent to the commonly used microwave digestion procedure for extraction of analytes from margarine samples. Highlights: The optimized EIEB extraction procedure is simple, rapid, low cost, and environmentally friendly. It has improved detection limits and allows calibration with aqueous standards. © AOAC INTERNATIONAL 2020. All rights reserved.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipTrakya Üniversitesi: TÜBAP-2015/94en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors are grateful for the financial support of the Unit of the Scientific Research Projects of Trakya University (TÜBAP-2015/94).en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1093/JAOACINT/QSAA028
dc.identifier.endpage1263en_US
dc.identifier.issn1060-3271
dc.identifier.issue5en_US
dc.identifier.pmid33241381en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85096818503en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2en_US
dc.identifier.startpage1256en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1093/JAOACINT/QSAA028
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14551/16273
dc.identifier.volume103en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherOxford University Pressen_US
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of AOAC Internationalen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen_US
dc.subjectAbsorption Spectroscopy; Atomic Absorption Spectrometry; Copper; Demulsification; Emulsification; Graphite; Iron; Manganese; Nickel; Nitric Acid; Surface Active Agents; Agitation Time; Detection Limits; Extraction Conditions; Extraction Procedure; Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry; Heating Temperatures; Microwave Digestion; Tolerable Daily Intake; Extraction; Graphite; Margarine; Atomic Absorption Spectrometry; Emulsion; No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level; Emulsions; Graphite; Margarine; No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level; Spectrophotometry, Atomicen_US
dc.titleExtraction of Cu, Fe, Mn, and Ni from margarine samples using extraction induced by emulsion breaking procedure prior to graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry and comparison of results to provisional tolerable daily intake valuesen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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