Türkiye'de yatırımlara devlet destekleri ve yatırım desteklerinin gelişimi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2012
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bireyler, işletmeler, ülkeler ve bunlara benzer birçok kişi ve sektör, ekonominin zincirleri içerisinde yerini almaya çalışmaktadır. Globalleşen dünya içerisinde önce merkeziyetçi politikalar ve ardından da bölgesel politikalar bir bir yerlerini almışlardır. Bu devinim içerisinde kalkınma ve yatırım kavramları dikkat çekmektedir. Kalkınma süreci, merkeziyetçi yapısından bölgesel niteliğe dönüşmekte ve kırsal kalkınma, öncelikli yöreler gibi politikalara kendisini bırakmaktadır. Yatırımlar için kaynakların nerelerden temin edileceği, öz kaynak- yabancı kaynak ayrımları önem taşımaktadır. Devlet destekleri, yatırımları teşvik edici ve kolaylaştırıcı roller üstlenirken, bölgesel gelişmişlik farklarını gidermek üzere Bölgesel Kalkınma Ajansları ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu ajanslar, bölgesel gelişmişlik farklarını ortaya çıkararak yapılması gereken politikaları belirlemek ve bu ihtiyaçları gidermekle yükümlüdürler. KOBİ'lere tanınan destekler ve teşvikler Küçük ve Orta Ölçekli İşletmeleri Geliştirme ve Destekleme İdaresi tarafından kontrol altına alınmakta ve yatırımlar teşvik edilmektedir. KOSGEB'in hibe destekleri ve kredi faiz destekleri büyük öneme sahip bulunmaktadır. Tarım ve Kırsal Kalkınmayı Destekleme Kurumu, kırsal alanlarda faaliyet göstermekte ve kırsal kalkınmaya destek vermektedir. Uygulanan devlet destekleri iki dönemden ibaret olmakta ve bu dönemler, planlı dönemden önce devlet destekleri ve planlı dönemde devlet destekleri olarak kabul edilmektedir. İki dönem arasında keskin çizgilerle ayrılmış farklar bulunmakta ve biri diğerinin basamağı konumundadır. Planlı dönemden önceki devlet destekleri, dünyada yaşanan ekonomik krizlerin de etkisiyle belirli bir başarı elde etmiştir. Ancak planlı dönemde uygulanan devlet destekleri daha kapsamlı ve daha profesyonel olmuştur. Devlet destekleri ve teşvikleri geçmişten beri uygulanagelmiş ve çeşitli sonuçları ortaya çıkarmıştır.
Abstract
Individuals, enterprises, countries and many similar person, establishment and sector are trying to find and fix their places within the economic field. Once centralist, then regional policies took place one by one within the globalizing worlds economy/politics. Concepts of development and investment rapidly have begun to gain attention. Process of development started to change and shape into a regional-oriented structure rather than its former centralist form and started to leave its place to policies such as rural development and prior regions. It is of great importance to define and stabilize the knowledge of where will the sources and capital will be derived from for the investments and the distinctions between the domestic and foreign sources. Under the light of these changes regional development agencies has begun to emerge to eliminate the regional differences of development as the state funding started to play a stimulating and facilitative role. These agencies are obliged to detect the differences of development to determine the policies to solve the issues of difference and to meet the needs defined by these policies. The stimulations and support given to the SME are being controlled by the Administration Board for Developing and Support of the Small and Medium Enterprises and investments are being encouraged. The grantee and credit interest rate supports of KOSGEB are of great importance. The Board of Consolidation for Agricultural and Rural Development is functioning in the rural areas to support the rural development. Applied state consolidations are consisted of two terms which titled as ?state funding before the planned term? and ?state funding within planned term?. There are sharp differences between two terms and the 1st term is the prologue step for the 2nd. Although the state funding before the planned term achieved a remarkable success together with the effect of the recent economic crises, 2nd term state accommodations has been more generic and professional. State consolidations have been applied since past and brought several successful results.
Abstract
Individuals, enterprises, countries and many similar person, establishment and sector are trying to find and fix their places within the economic field. Once centralist, then regional policies took place one by one within the globalizing worlds economy/politics. Concepts of development and investment rapidly have begun to gain attention. Process of development started to change and shape into a regional-oriented structure rather than its former centralist form and started to leave its place to policies such as rural development and prior regions. It is of great importance to define and stabilize the knowledge of where will the sources and capital will be derived from for the investments and the distinctions between the domestic and foreign sources. Under the light of these changes regional development agencies has begun to emerge to eliminate the regional differences of development as the state funding started to play a stimulating and facilitative role. These agencies are obliged to detect the differences of development to determine the policies to solve the issues of difference and to meet the needs defined by these policies. The stimulations and support given to the SME are being controlled by the Administration Board for Developing and Support of the Small and Medium Enterprises and investments are being encouraged. The grantee and credit interest rate supports of KOSGEB are of great importance. The Board of Consolidation for Agricultural and Rural Development is functioning in the rural areas to support the rural development. Applied state consolidations are consisted of two terms which titled as ?state funding before the planned term? and ?state funding within planned term?. There are sharp differences between two terms and the 1st term is the prologue step for the 2nd. Although the state funding before the planned term achieved a remarkable success together with the effect of the recent economic crises, 2nd term state accommodations has been more generic and professional. State consolidations have been applied since past and brought several successful results.
Açıklama
Yüksek Lisans Tezi
Anahtar Kelimeler
KOBİ, Teşvikler, TKDK, IPARD, Devlet Destekleri, KOSGEB, KOSGEB, Stimulus Payments, State-Funding, SME
