Bulgaristan Romanlarının toplum dil bilimsel durumları
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Romanlar nüfus bakımından Bulgaristan’da yaşayan üçüncü büyük azınlıktır. Bulgaristan’da Romanlar Romanes dilini ana dili olarak büyük bir kısmı konuşmaktadır. Romanes Avrupa Hint dil ailesinin Hint-İran kolundan olan bir dildir. Balkan lehçesinin Güney ve DKB (Drındır, Kalaycı, Burgucu) ağızları, kuzey ve güney Ulah ağızları Bulgaristan’da ana dili olarak yaygın kullanılan dillerdir. Bu araştırma Romanların toplum dil bilimsel durumlarıyla ilgilidir. Çalışmamız on bölüm ve bu bölümlerin alt başlıklarından meydana gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada Romanların tercih ettikleri etnik aidiyetler, Hindistan’dan Balkanlara göçleri, demografik durumları, eğitim, din ve siyasi durumları, Romanesin (Roman dilinin) adlandırma durumu, Romanesin lehçeleri, Romanesin Balkan lehçesi (Y)Erli ağzının dil bilgisi ortaya konmuştur. Yapılan saha çalışmasında ise nitel ve nicel bulgulara göre; Romanesin Türkçe ve Bulgarca kullanım durumu incelenmiştir. Tezin Nicel bölümü için anket yapılmış olup 97 örneklem anketlere katılmıştır. Nitel bölümde ise yarı yapılandırılmış mülakat sorularıyla 13 kişiyle görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS ve MAXQDA programlarıyla analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen nicel ve nitel sonuçlar beraber değerlendirilerek tezin sonucu oluşturulmuştur. Nicel verilerden elde edilen sonuçlara göre, Romanesin Balkan Lehçesinin dil sürdürüm oranı %89, Ulah Romanes lehçesinin dil sürdürüm oranı % 87, Türkçenin Romanlar arasında dil sürdürüm oranı %95,6 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlara göre örneklemlerde her üç dilin; Türkçenin, Ulah Romanesinin ve Balkan Romanesinin dilsel canlılık durumunun yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Nitel verilerden elde edilen sonuca göre ise Romanların etnik aidiyet modelleri oluşturulmuştur. Etnik aidiyet bağlamında Bulgaristan’da yaşayan Romanlar kendilerini Bulgar, Türk, Roman, Ulah, Türk Romanı, Bulgar Romanı olarak tanımladıkları tespit edilmiştir. Yani etnik aidiyet durumları heterojendir.
Romany are the third largest minority living in Bulgaria in terms of population. The majority of Romany in Bulgaria speak the Romani language as their mother tongue. Romani is a language from the Indo-Iranian branch of the European Indic language family. Southern and DKB (Drindir, Kalayci, Burgucu) dialects of the Balkan dialect, northern and southern Vlach dialects are the languages that are widely used as the mother tongue in Bulgaria. This research is about the socio-linguistic status of the Romany. The study consists of ten chapters and sub-titles of these chapters. The ethnic affiliations preferred by the Romany, their migration from India to the Balkans, their demographic status, their educational, religious and political situations, the naming status of Romani (Roman language), the Romani dialects, dialect Erli (local) dialect of the Romani Balkan grammar were researched. The usage of Romani language, Turkish and Bulgarian languages was examined according to the qualitative and quantitative findings in the field study. In the quantitative part, a survey was conducted and 97 samples participated in the surveys. In the qualitative part, 13 people were interviewed with semi-structured interview questions. The obtained data were analyzed with SPSS and MASQDA programs. The conclusion of the thesis was formed by evaluating the quantitative and qualitative results obtained from the research together. According to the results obtained from the quantitative data, among the Roma, the language maintenance rate of the Balkan dialect of Romani is 89%, the language maintenance rate of the Vlach Romani dialect is 87%, and the language maintenance rate of Turkish is 95.6%. According to these results, it is observed that the linguistic vitality of all three languages in the samples, Turkish, Vlach Romani Language and Balkan Romani Languge are high. According to the result obtained from the qualitative data, ethnic belonging models of the Roma were formed. In the context of ethnic belonging, it is determined that the Romany living in Bulgaria define themselves as Turkish, Romany, Vlach, Turkish Romany, Bulgarian Romany. In other words, their ethnic affiliation is heterogeneous.
Romany are the third largest minority living in Bulgaria in terms of population. The majority of Romany in Bulgaria speak the Romani language as their mother tongue. Romani is a language from the Indo-Iranian branch of the European Indic language family. Southern and DKB (Drindir, Kalayci, Burgucu) dialects of the Balkan dialect, northern and southern Vlach dialects are the languages that are widely used as the mother tongue in Bulgaria. This research is about the socio-linguistic status of the Romany. The study consists of ten chapters and sub-titles of these chapters. The ethnic affiliations preferred by the Romany, their migration from India to the Balkans, their demographic status, their educational, religious and political situations, the naming status of Romani (Roman language), the Romani dialects, dialect Erli (local) dialect of the Romani Balkan grammar were researched. The usage of Romani language, Turkish and Bulgarian languages was examined according to the qualitative and quantitative findings in the field study. In the quantitative part, a survey was conducted and 97 samples participated in the surveys. In the qualitative part, 13 people were interviewed with semi-structured interview questions. The obtained data were analyzed with SPSS and MASQDA programs. The conclusion of the thesis was formed by evaluating the quantitative and qualitative results obtained from the research together. According to the results obtained from the quantitative data, among the Roma, the language maintenance rate of the Balkan dialect of Romani is 89%, the language maintenance rate of the Vlach Romani dialect is 87%, and the language maintenance rate of Turkish is 95.6%. According to these results, it is observed that the linguistic vitality of all three languages in the samples, Turkish, Vlach Romani Language and Balkan Romani Languge are high. According to the result obtained from the qualitative data, ethnic belonging models of the Roma were formed. In the context of ethnic belonging, it is determined that the Romany living in Bulgaria define themselves as Turkish, Romany, Vlach, Turkish Romany, Bulgarian Romany. In other words, their ethnic affiliation is heterogeneous.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Romanes, Toplum dil bilimi, Roman, Ana dili, Etnik aidiyet, Dil sürdürümü, Romani, Sociolinguistics, Roma people, Mother tongue, Ethnic affiliation, Language maintenance
