Lozan'dan günümüze Batı Trakya'da Türk sivil toplum kuruluşları ve faaliyetleri (1923-2020)
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Lozan Barış Antlaşması ile Yunanistan’a resmi azınlık olarak bırakılan Batı Trakya Türkleri geçmişten günümüze kimlikleri, dilleri, dinleri, örf ve adetleri gibi kültürel miraslarını korumak, gelecek nesillere aktarmak amacıyla yoğun mücadeleler vermişlerdir. Bu mücadeleler toplumsal örgütlenmenin ilk adımı olan İskeçe Türk Birliği ile başlamış, günümüze kadar devam etmiştir. Batı Trakya Türklerinin bölgede oluşturdukları sivil toplum kuruluşları uzun yıllar resmi statüde faaliyet göstermişlerdir. Ancak, Türk Yunan ilişkilerinin iyi ya da kötü olma durumu bu kuruluşlara doğrudan yansımıştır. Yunanistan, bazı istisnalar dışında çoğu kez ülkesinde Türk olmadığına ilişkin politika izlemiştir. Özellikle 1980’li yıllardaki gelişmeler ve Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti’nin ilanı ile azınlığın isminde Türk kelimesi olan derneklerin resmiyetleri yargı kararlarıyla durdurulmuştur. Batı Trakya Türkleri, haklarının iadesine yönelik uluslararası mahkemelerde davalar açmış ve AİHM kararlarıyla haklılıkları onaylanmıştır. Buna karşın Yunan makamları AİHM kararlarını tanımayarak derneklere resmiyetlerini iade etmemektedir. Ayrıca, Türk kelimesinin dışında Batı Trakya ve azınlık kelimeleri ile kurulmak istenen derneklere de izin verilmemektedir. Bu nedenle bölgede Türkler tarafından kurulan ve isminde Türk kelimesi geçmeyen çok fazla sivil toplum kuruluşu faaliyet göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, Batı Trakya Türklerinin karşılaştıkları zorlukları ve bu zorlukları aşmak için oluşturdukları sivil toplum kuruluşlarının faaliyetlerini incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. Saha araştırması olarak planlanan çalışma, önce dünyayı etkisi altına alan Covid-19 pandemisi nedeniyle sekteye uğramış, daha sonra da Yunan makamları tarafından araştırmacıya ülkeye giriş yasağı konulmuştur. Tüm bu engeller farklı yol ve yöntemlerle aşılarak, çalışma başarıyla tamamlanmıştır. Çalışma azınlığın bir asırlık sivil toplum mücadelesine ışık tutmaktadır.
Western Thrace Turks, who were left to Greece as an official minority with the Lausanne Peace Treaty, have struggled to preserve their cultural heritage such as their identities, languages, religions, customs and traditions and to pass them on to future generations. These struggles started with the Xanthi Turkish Union, the first step of social organization, and continued until today. Non-governmental organizations established by Western Thrace Turks in the region have been officially active for many years. However, the good or bad state of Turkish-Greek relations was directly reflected on these non-governmental organizations. With some exceptions, Greece has often followed a policy claiming that it is not Turkish in its country. Especially with the developments in the 80s and the proclamation of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, the officialdom of the associations with the word Turkish in the name of the minority was ceased by judicial decisions. Western Thrace Turks fought legally and their righteousness was confirmed by the ECHR decisions. On the other hand, the Greek authorities do not recognize the ECHR decisions and do not return their official status to the associations. In addition, associations that are intended to be established with the words Western Thrace and minority other than the word Turk are not allowed. For this reason, there are many non-governmental organizations established by the Turks in the region that do not have the word Turkish in their names. This study aimed to examine the difficulties faced by the Western Thrace Turks and the activities of the non-governmental organizations they formed to overcome these difficulties. In this direction, the study, which was planned as a field research, was interrupted first due to the Covid-19 pandemic, which affected the world, and then the researcher was banned from entering the country by the Greek authorities. All these obstacles were overcome with different ways and methods, and the study was successfully completed. The study sheds light on a century-old civil society struggle of the minority.
Western Thrace Turks, who were left to Greece as an official minority with the Lausanne Peace Treaty, have struggled to preserve their cultural heritage such as their identities, languages, religions, customs and traditions and to pass them on to future generations. These struggles started with the Xanthi Turkish Union, the first step of social organization, and continued until today. Non-governmental organizations established by Western Thrace Turks in the region have been officially active for many years. However, the good or bad state of Turkish-Greek relations was directly reflected on these non-governmental organizations. With some exceptions, Greece has often followed a policy claiming that it is not Turkish in its country. Especially with the developments in the 80s and the proclamation of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, the officialdom of the associations with the word Turkish in the name of the minority was ceased by judicial decisions. Western Thrace Turks fought legally and their righteousness was confirmed by the ECHR decisions. On the other hand, the Greek authorities do not recognize the ECHR decisions and do not return their official status to the associations. In addition, associations that are intended to be established with the words Western Thrace and minority other than the word Turk are not allowed. For this reason, there are many non-governmental organizations established by the Turks in the region that do not have the word Turkish in their names. This study aimed to examine the difficulties faced by the Western Thrace Turks and the activities of the non-governmental organizations they formed to overcome these difficulties. In this direction, the study, which was planned as a field research, was interrupted first due to the Covid-19 pandemic, which affected the world, and then the researcher was banned from entering the country by the Greek authorities. All these obstacles were overcome with different ways and methods, and the study was successfully completed. The study sheds light on a century-old civil society struggle of the minority.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Batı Trakya, Sivil toplum, Türk Yunan ilişkileri, Western Thrace, Civil society, Turkish-Greek relations
