Türk şiirinde metafor (1923-1960)
Yükleniyor...
Tarih
2014
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Batı kaynaklı terminolojiden alınan "metafor"un, Türkçede geleneksel tasnif içine yerleştirilmesi ve kullanımında çeşitlilik oluşmuştur. Batıda, felsefe alanında temelleri atılan kavram, ülkemizde ise figüratif bir misyon yüklenerek mecaz, açık-kapalı istiare, ad aktarması, deyim aktarması, telmih gibi bir çok terim yerine kullanılmış ve örneklendirilmiştir. Türk Şiirinde Metafor (1923-1960) isimli bu çalışmada; 1980 sonrası gelişen ve metaforun kavramsal alanını ortaya koyan, Çağdaş Metafor Teorisi incelenmiş ve örneklendirilmiştir. Metafor, kavramsal alanların eşitlenmesi sonucu ortaya çıkan geniş bir haritalamadır. Türkçenin hem standart dilinin hem sanat dilinin şekillenmesinde pay sahibi olan metaforlar, zihni haritalarda insani, toplumsal, coğrafi tüm etkilere dair izler taşır. Bu yapılanmanın farkında olan sanatçı; yeni, orijinal üretimleri ile dile kavramsal bir genişleme getirirken, okur zihnine de farklı yollardan ulaşım imkanına kavuşur. Şiir özelinde yapılan bir tasnif ile metaforların; toplumun ortak hafızasından çekilerek ve yeni/orijinal haritalamalarla oluştuğu görülür. Toplum hafızasından çekilen "geleneksel metaforlar"; bulundukları "birincil" halleri ile ya da haritalamanın genişletilmesi ile "kompleks" olarak şiir diline dahil olurlar. Şairler, "yeni"/"orijinal" metaforlarını da iki yol ile şiirlerinde kullanır: Dilsel ifadelere haritalamayı yansıtarak okurun metaforu görmesini sağlamak ya da metaforu doğrudan ifade olarak verip okurun haritalama yapmasını beklemek. 1923 – 1960 yılları arasında yayınlanmış şiirler incelendiğinde hem geleneksel hem yeni metaforların örneklerine rastlanılmış ve temsil gücü yüksek olanlar seçilerek incelenmiştir.
Abstract
"Metaphor" – borrowed from Western terminology – has been embedded and used within traditional classification in Turkish in diverse ways. Though in the West its foundation was set within philosophy, in Turkish the concept of "metaphor" undertook a figurative mission to be used and exemplified as a substitute to simile, open/closed figures of speech, metonymy, synecdoche and referencing. In this study, Metaphor in Turkish Poetry (1923-1960), Contemporary Metaphor Theory, which was developed post-1980 and manifested the conceptual area of metaphor is examined and exemplified. Metaphor is a vast mapping that generated/emerged from the equalization of conceptual areas. Metaphors have a role in shaping both the standard Turkish language and the language of art, and they bear the trace of individual, social and geographical influences in their conceptual mappings. While the artist, who is aware of this structure, brings a conceptual expanse to the language with his original productions, he also gains access to the minds of readers via different paths. A classification specific to poetry shows that metaphors are created with new/original mappings by extracting from the shared social memory. "Traditional metaphors" that have been extracted from social memory get involved in poetic language in their "primary" forms or in "complex" forms created by the expansion of mapping. Poets use their new/original metaphors in their poetry in two ways: they make the reader to see the metaphor by reflecting the mapping with linguistic expressions, or they present the metaphor as a direct expression and wait for the reader to make a mapping. When we examine the poems published between 1923 and 1960, we encounter examples of both traditional and new metaphors. The ones that have higher representational capacity are included in this study and examined.
Abstract
"Metaphor" – borrowed from Western terminology – has been embedded and used within traditional classification in Turkish in diverse ways. Though in the West its foundation was set within philosophy, in Turkish the concept of "metaphor" undertook a figurative mission to be used and exemplified as a substitute to simile, open/closed figures of speech, metonymy, synecdoche and referencing. In this study, Metaphor in Turkish Poetry (1923-1960), Contemporary Metaphor Theory, which was developed post-1980 and manifested the conceptual area of metaphor is examined and exemplified. Metaphor is a vast mapping that generated/emerged from the equalization of conceptual areas. Metaphors have a role in shaping both the standard Turkish language and the language of art, and they bear the trace of individual, social and geographical influences in their conceptual mappings. While the artist, who is aware of this structure, brings a conceptual expanse to the language with his original productions, he also gains access to the minds of readers via different paths. A classification specific to poetry shows that metaphors are created with new/original mappings by extracting from the shared social memory. "Traditional metaphors" that have been extracted from social memory get involved in poetic language in their "primary" forms or in "complex" forms created by the expansion of mapping. Poets use their new/original metaphors in their poetry in two ways: they make the reader to see the metaphor by reflecting the mapping with linguistic expressions, or they present the metaphor as a direct expression and wait for the reader to make a mapping. When we examine the poems published between 1923 and 1960, we encounter examples of both traditional and new metaphors. The ones that have higher representational capacity are included in this study and examined.
Açıklama
Doktora Tezi
Anahtar Kelimeler
Metafor, Şiir İncelemeleri, 1923 – 1960 Arası Türk Şiiri, Çağdaş Metafor Teorisi, Kavramsal Metafor, Conceptual Metaphor, Poetry Analysis, Metaphor, Contemporary Metaphor Theory, Poetry Analysis, Turkish Poetry (1923-1960)
