Kemoterapi alan kanserli hastalarda oral mukozit düzeyi ve etkileyen faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2023
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Yayıncı
Trakya Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel özellikte planlanan bu çalışma kemoterapi tedavi sürecinde kanserli hastalarda oral mukozit düzeyi ve etkileyen faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla planlandı. Araştırma Ocak 2022-Temmuz 2022 tarihleri arasında, Medikal Onkoloji Kliniği’nde kemoterapi tedavisi gören 245 kanser hastası ile gerçekleştirildi. Araştırma verileri kişisel, ağız sağlığına ilişkin özellikler, hastalık ve tedavi sürecine ilişkin özellikleri içeren anket formu, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) Oral Mukozit Değerlendirme Ölçeği kullanılarak toplandı. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistiksel metotlardan (sayı, yüzde, ortalama vb.), Bağımsız örneklem t testi, Ki-kare testleri (Person Ki-kare, Yates Ki-kare, Fisher’s Exact Testi), Eşleştirilmiş örneklem t-testi, çok değişkenli lojistik regresyon modellemesinden yararlanıldı. Hastaların yaş ortalamasının 62,31±10,70 olduğu, %32,7’sinin akciğer kanseri tanısı aldığı, %56,7’sinin 3 ay ve daha az süredir tanı aldığı ve %82,9’unun ECOG performans skorunun 0 olduğu saptandı. Hastaların %52,2’sinde oral mukozit geliştiği ve %35,5’inin oral mukozit puanının 1 olduğu belirlendi. Kronik hastalık varlığı, sürekli ilaç kullanma durumu, ağız ve diş hastalığı olma durumu, kemoterapi öncesi diş kontrolü yaptırma durumu, oral mukozit hakkında bilgi sahibi olma durumu, daha önce geçirilmiş oral mukozit öyküsü olma durumu, kanser tanısı, alınan kemoterapi protokolü çeşidi ve ECOG performans skoru ile DSÖ Oral Mukozit Değerlendirme Ölçeği puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark olduğu saptandı (p<0,05). Ayrıca kronik hastalık varlığı, kemoterapi protokolü ve ECOG performans skorunun oral mukozit gelişimini etkileyen bağımsız değişkenler olduğu belirlendi (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak kemoterapi alan hastalarda oral mukozit geliştiği, oral mukozit gelişen hastaların çoğunluğunun oral mukozit derecesinin düşük olduğu, hastaların hastalık ve tedaviyle ilgili özelliklerinin (kronik hastalık varlığı, ağız ve diş sağlık sorunu, ECOG performans skoru vb.) oral mukozit gelişimini etkileyen faktörler olduğu belirlendi. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda; hemşirelerin kemoterapi alan kanserli hastaların hastalık ve tedaviyle ilişkili özelliklerini dikkate alarak kemoterapi tedavisine başlamadan ve kemoterapi tedavisi süresince oral mukozit gelişme riskinin değerlendirilmesi ve uygun hemşirelik girişimleriyle hastaların oral mukozit şiddetinin azaltılması önerilebilir.
This descriptive and cross-sectional study was planned the factors affecting the level of oral mucositis in patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy and affecting factors. The study was conducted at a medical oncology clinic between January 2022 and July 2022. The sample consisted of 245 patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy. The data were collected using a survey (personal, oral health, disease, and treatment characteristics) and the World Health Organization (WHO) Oral Mucositis Assessment Scale (OMAS). The data were analyzed by independent-sample t-tests, Chi-square tests (Person Chi-square, Yates Chi-square, Fisher's Exact Test), paired-sample t-tests, and multivariate logistic regression (p<0,05). The patients had mean age 62.31±10.70. More than a quarter of the patients were diagnosed with lung cancer (32.7%). More than half of the patients were diagnosed with cancer less than three months ago (56.7%). Most patients had an ECOG performance score of 0. More than half of the patients had oral mucositis (52.2%). More than a quarter of the patients had an oral mucositis score of 1. The presence chronic disease of the patients, continuous medication use, oral and dental disease, dental check-up before chemotherapy, knowledge about oral mucositis, previous history of oral mucositis, cancer diagnosis, type of chemotherapy protocol, and ECOG performance scores significantly affected patients WHO-OMAS scores (p<0.05). Moreover, the presence chronic disease, chemotherapy protocol, and ECOG performance score were the independent variables that affected the development of oral mucositis (p<0.05). In conclusion, patients receiving chemotherapy developed oral mucositis. Most patients who developed oral mucositis had a low oral mucositis grade. Disease and treatment-related characteristics (presence of chronic disease, oral and dental health problems, ECOG performance score, etc.) were affected the development of oral mucositis. These results suggest that nurses should evaluate the risk of oral mucositis before and during chemotherapy by taking into account disease and treatment-related characteristics. They should implement appropriate interventions to reduce the severity of oral mucositis.
This descriptive and cross-sectional study was planned the factors affecting the level of oral mucositis in patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy and affecting factors. The study was conducted at a medical oncology clinic between January 2022 and July 2022. The sample consisted of 245 patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy. The data were collected using a survey (personal, oral health, disease, and treatment characteristics) and the World Health Organization (WHO) Oral Mucositis Assessment Scale (OMAS). The data were analyzed by independent-sample t-tests, Chi-square tests (Person Chi-square, Yates Chi-square, Fisher's Exact Test), paired-sample t-tests, and multivariate logistic regression (p<0,05). The patients had mean age 62.31±10.70. More than a quarter of the patients were diagnosed with lung cancer (32.7%). More than half of the patients were diagnosed with cancer less than three months ago (56.7%). Most patients had an ECOG performance score of 0. More than half of the patients had oral mucositis (52.2%). More than a quarter of the patients had an oral mucositis score of 1. The presence chronic disease of the patients, continuous medication use, oral and dental disease, dental check-up before chemotherapy, knowledge about oral mucositis, previous history of oral mucositis, cancer diagnosis, type of chemotherapy protocol, and ECOG performance scores significantly affected patients WHO-OMAS scores (p<0.05). Moreover, the presence chronic disease, chemotherapy protocol, and ECOG performance score were the independent variables that affected the development of oral mucositis (p<0.05). In conclusion, patients receiving chemotherapy developed oral mucositis. Most patients who developed oral mucositis had a low oral mucositis grade. Disease and treatment-related characteristics (presence of chronic disease, oral and dental health problems, ECOG performance score, etc.) were affected the development of oral mucositis. These results suggest that nurses should evaluate the risk of oral mucositis before and during chemotherapy by taking into account disease and treatment-related characteristics. They should implement appropriate interventions to reduce the severity of oral mucositis.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kanser, Kemoterapi, Oral mukozit, Hemşirelik bakımı, Cancer, Chemotherapy, Oral mucositis, Nursing care
