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    Critical Exponents of Kappa Carrageenan in the Coil-Helix and Helix-Coil Hysteresis Loops
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2009) Tari, Oezlem; Kara, Selim; Pekcan, Oender
    The steady-state fluorescence technique was used to study coil-helix (sol-gel) and helix-coil (gel-sol) transitions of the kappa carrageenan-water system with various carrageenan contents. Fluorescence (I) and scattered light (I-sc) intensities were measured against temperature to determine critical phase transition temperatures and exponents. It was observed that the coil-helix transition temperatures, T-ch were much lower than the helix-coil (T-hc) transition temperatures due to the hysteresis of the phase transition loops. The gel fraction exponent (beta) was measured and found to be in accord with the classical Flory-Stockmayer model.