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    Assessment of Cota altissima (L.) J. Gay for phytochemical composition and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and antimicrobial activities
    (Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2021) Goger, Gamze; Allak, Muhammed; Sen, Ali; Goger, Fatih; Tekin, Mehmet; Ozek, Gulmira
    Phytochemical profiles of essential oil (EO), fatty acids, and n-hexane (CAH), diethyl ether (CAD), ethyl acetate (CAE) and methanol extracts (CAM) of Cota altissima L. J. Gay (syn. Anthemis altissima L.) were investigated as well as their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and antimicrobial activites. The essential oil was characterized by the content of acetophenone (35.8%) and beta-caryophyllene (10.3%) by GC-MS/FID. Linoleic and oleic acid were found as main fatty acids. The major constituents of the extracts were found to be 5-caffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, isorhamnetin glucoside, quercetin and quercetin glucoside by LC-MS/MS. Antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined by scavenging of DPPH and ABTS free radicals. Also, the inhibitory effects on lipoxygenase and alpha-glucosidase enzymes were determined. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated against Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria and yeast pathogens. CAM showed the highest antioxidant activity against DPPH and ABTS radicals with IC50 values of 126.60 and 144.40 mu g/mL, respectively. In the anti-inflammatory activity, CAE demonstrated the highest antilipoxygenase activity with an IC50 value of 105.40 mu g/mL, whereas, CAD showed the best inhibition of a-glucosidase with an IC50 value of 396.40 mu g/mL in the antidiabetic activity. CAH was effective against Staphylococcus aureus at MIC = 312.5 mu g/mL. This is the first report on antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of different extracts of C. altissima.
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    Evaluation of biochemical parameters inRubus tereticaulistreated rats and its implications in wound healing
    (Springer, 2020) Aksoy, Halil; Demirbag, Caglar; Sen, Ali; Sekerler, Turgut; Ozakpinar, Ozlem; Sener, Azize; Ahmad, Sarfraz
    We evaluated the effects ofRubus tereticaulisin healing process by determining the total carbonyl content, collagen synthesis, and total protein level on rat wounded tissues. Wounds were performed in the back of 54 Wistar rats, using a biopsy punch instrument with 0.6 mm in diameter. Rats were randomly divided into three groups: (i) un-treatment wounds group served as controls, (ii) Madecassol (R) used as positive control group, and (iii) the application of topical cream ofR. tereticaulisserved as treatment group of wound healing. The animals were killed at the end of experiment under anesthesia with ketamine, and tissue samples were collected for the evaluation at three times intervals (3rd, 7th, and 14th day). The wounded areas were analyzed for total carbonyl content, collagen, and total protein levels by HPLC, ELISA, and spectrophotometric methods, respectively. Total carbonyl content in the treatment group was significantly lower in comparison with control group on 3rd day (2.839 +/- 0.438 vs. 3.216 +/- 0.216 nmol carbonyl/mol protein;p < 0.5) and 14th days (4.222 +/- 0.128 vs. 4.784 +/- 0.077 nmol carbonyl/mol protein;p < 0.05), respectively. New collagen formation on the wound sites after the initial injury was noted in the treated and positive control groups (5.310 +/- 0.331 vs. 5.164 +/- 0.377 mg collagen/g wet tissue) at the 3rd day than control group (2.180 +/- 0.718 mg collagen/g wet tissue,p < 0.01), and in treated and positive control groups at 7th day (9.654 +/- 0.201, 9.053 +/- 1.062 mg collagen/g wet tissue,p < 0.01); and in treated and positive control groups at 14th day (8.469 +/- 0.236, 5.631 +/- 0.531 mg collagen/g wet tissue, respectively;p < 0.05) in comparison with the control group. Total protein level of samples did not change significantly between the groups. Thus, application ofR. tereticaulisameliorated the wound healing process in rats as it facilitated collagen formation through healing of the wound. Evaluating total carbonyl content by HPLC could be useful as an advance procedure for quantification of healing.
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    Myrtle improves renovascular hypertension-induced oxidative damage in heart, kidney, and aortic tissue
    (Springer, 2022) Arslan, Sule; Ozcan, Ozan; Gurel-Gokmen, Begum; Cevikelli-Yakut, Zatiye Ayca; Saygi, Halil Ibrahim; Sen, Ali; Goger, Fatih
    Renovascular hypertension is defined as the reduction in renal perfusion resulting in sustained hypertension. This study aims to investigate the possible effects of myrtle leaf extract (Myrtus communis L.) on, heart, kidney and aorta tissues in the experimental renovascular hypertension (RVH). 32 male Wistar Albino rats were divided into four groups as control, hypertension, hypertension+ramipril, and hypertension+myrtle leaf extract treatment groups. RVH model was induced by Goldblatt's 2-kidney 1-clip method. 12 weeks later than the treatment blood pressures were recorded and oxidant and antioxidant parameters, tissue factor activity, and histological analysis were determined in the kidney, heart, and aortic tissues. The blood pressure levels of the hypertension group significantly increased compared to the control group. Administration of myrtle leaf extract and ramipril significantly decreased the increased blood pressure. In the hypertension group, oxidative damage increased in the kidney, heart, and aorta tissues. In the histological evaluation of tissues in RVH, heart muscle fibres degenerated. Bowman capsule and glomeruli dilated and tubules damaged in the kidney. Myrtle leaf extract administration regenerated the damages and degenerations. The administration of myrtle leaf extract restored the impaired oxidant-antioxidant balance in the heart, kidney and aorta tissues of hypertensive rats. Myrtle leaf extract can be considered as an alternative antihypertensive treatment target in the prevention of oxidative stress-induced damage in renovascular hypertension.