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    An epidemiologic investigation of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Thrace, Turkey, 2006-2010*
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2019) Turgut, Nilda; Saracoglu, Gamze Varol; Kat, Selahattin; Balci, Kemal; Guldiken, Baburhan; Birgili, Ozlem; Kabayel, Levent
    Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the incidence and prevalence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in Thrace, Turkey in a five-year time period (2006-2010). Methods: Study population included residents of three provinces (Edirne, Tekirdag, Kirklareli) in the Thrace region. Cases were ascertained from all of the neurologic centers and hospitals of these provinces. Demographic and clinical information was collected for each patient. Newly diagnosed ALS patients who are fulfilling the El Escorial revised diagnostic criteria were enrolled into the study. Results: We identified a total of 145 patients (93 males, 52 females). The mean age at diagnosis was 57.0 +/- 13.6. According to El Escorial criteria, 60.0% of the cases were definite ALS, 24.8% were probable, and 15.2% were possible ALS. Thirty-two cases were bulbar (22.1%), 113 cases (77.9%) were spinal onset. Mean time delay from onset to diagnosis was 12.0 +/- 11.2 months. Age-gender standardized incidence rates with reference to Turkey, USA 2008 census were 1.9 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.8-2.1), 1.9 (95%CI, 1.8-2.2) for overall. There were 112 living ALS patients at the end of the study. Crude point prevalence was calculated as 7.3 per 100,000 population (95%CI, 5.9-8.7). Conclusions: This is the first study to provide fundamental data about demographic and clinical characteristics about ALS in Thrace region of Turkey. Incidence and prevalence of ALS in Thrace region of Turkey appear to be comparable with European countries.
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    Tularemia as a result of outdoor activities for children in the countryside
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2012) Gurcan, Saban; Saracoglu, Gamze Varol; Karadenizli, Aynur; Ozkayin, Emine Nese; Ozturk, Semsi Zafer; Cicek, Cemal; Vatansever, Binay
    Aim: To investigate the features of a new tularemia outbreak that occurred in the Thrace region. Materials and methods: The research team visited the village after the identification of the index case. Serum and throat samples were taken from 41 villagers who were examined, and environmental samples were taken in order to identify the source of the outbreak. Culture, serology, and molecular methods were used to search for Francisella tularensis in these samples. Results: A total of 8 children were diagnosed with tularemia. The adults and all of the other children were seronegative for tularemia. All of the patients had a history of swimming in a pool filled with water from a local stream, and contact with stream water was calculated to increase the risk of developing the disease 9.3-fold. Polymerase chain reaction analysis was positive in a lymph node aspirate of the index case and in the home tap water of 3 patients as well as in the spring water and stream water in the village. Francisella tularensis could not be isolated from any culture of samples. Interestingly, the waterborne tularemia outbreak affected only children. Conclusion: Although tularemia has been not reported from Tekirdag Province for 74 years, the disease reemerged in the region due to the removal of hygienic measures. These clues may signify that the agent had maintained its presence in the region for many years.
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    Youth Sexual Health: Sexual Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior Among Students at a University in Turkey
    (Aves, 2014) Saracoglu, Gamze Varol; Erdem, Ilknur; Dogan, Sultan; Tokuc, Burcu
    Introduction: To determine sexual attitudes, behavior, and knowledge of Namik Kemal University (NKU) students about sexual health and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Method: A sample representing 10% of the undergraduate population of NKU in 2009-2010, was studied. Of 1,500 questionnaires distributed, 1,314 (87.6%) were filled out. Results: The mean age of the respondents (52.9% male) was 20.07 +/- 1.75 years. The rate of students who had received sexual health education was 32.0%, and 15.3% had previously used a sexual health service. Eleven percent of the female students and 50.3% of the male students had had sexual intercourse. The average age of initial sexual intercourse was 16.83 +/- 2.07 years. Of the students who had had sexual intercourse, 46.6% reported that they did not use any contraception method. The most preferred method was condoms (37.6%). The rate of contraceptive use was 58.7% in sexually educated students and 43.9% in those not educated (p=0.004). The most well-known STI was AIDS (96.5%), with sexually educated students giving higher rates of correct answers about STIs (p<0.05) Conclusion: The students who had received sexual health education were more knowledgeable about vital consequences of STI's, even though it is not sufficient, than sexually active students. Awareness of safe sexual practices and changes in behavior, in particular, promoting condom use should be established in higher risk youths. Deficiencies in knowledge could be addressed by adding a sexual healthtraining component to the university curriculum, and unmet requirements could be met by reorganizing medico-social centers in universities.