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    Acute static stretching with different volumes improves hamstring flexibility but not reactive strength index and leg stiffness in well-trained judo athletes
    (Univ Alicante, 2021) Kurtdere, Imren; Kurt, Cem; Nebioglu, Ilbilge Ozsu
    Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different volumes of static stretching exercises (SS) on the reactive strength index (RSI), leg stiffness (K-leg), and hamstring flexibility in well-trained judo athletes. Method: In total, 17 international level judo athletes (11 women and 6 men; age, 20.47 +/- 1.59 years; experience in judo, 11.35 +/- 1.84 years) were recruited for this study. The athletes completed three different SS sessions named low (LV-SS: 3.5 min), moderate (MV-SS: 7 min), and high volumes (HV-SS: 10.5 min), 72 h apart, in a randomized crossover study. Before and after each SS exercise session, hamstring flexibility, RSI and K-leg were evaluated by a sit-and-reach test and a Myotest accelerometric system, respectively. Results: Different volumes of SS exercises improved hamstring flexibility (p < .05); however, no one exercise was superior in improving hamstring flexibility than the other (p > .05). Different volumes of SS exercises neither improved nor reduced RSI and K-leg (p > .05). Conclusion: Judo athletes can use LV-SS, MV-SS, or HV-SS for hamstring flexibility enhancement, and SS exercises can be used as a part of a warm-up session prior to judo training or competition.
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    Influence of traditional and cluster set plyometric warm-ups on reactive strength index and leg stiffness in male rugby players
    (Ios Press, 2018) Kurt, Cem; Kafkas, M. Emin; Kurtdere, Imren; Selalmaz, Okan
    BACKGROUND: Cluster set plyometrics (CSP) promise greater muscular performance than traditional set plyometrics (TSP). OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the influence of TSP and CSP warm-ups via bounce drop jump (BDJ) on reactive strength index (RSI), leg stiffness (K-leg), ground contact time (CT), and jump height (JH). METHODS: Thirteen male rugby players (age, 20.92 +/- 2.25 years; body mass, 82.88 +/- 9.22 kg; rugby experience, 3.61 +/- 3.04 years; training volume, 10.69 +/- 3.75 h/week) were recruited for this study from two rugby clubs competing in the Second League in Turkey. The players completed 3 different set configurations of equal jump volume 72 h apart in a randomized, balanced order. The sets configurations were TSP (2 x 10 jump with 90 s interval), CSP-1 (4 x 5 jump with 30 s interval), and CSP-2 (10 x 2 jump with 10 s interval). Pre and post values of RSI, K-leg, CT, and JH on each session were determined via the Myotest Pro system. RESULTS: Statistically significant changes were not found between pre- and post-values of RSI, K-leg, CT, and JH in each session, either positive or negative (p > 0.05), as well as among the three different set configurations in any of the outcome variables according to post-results (p > 0.05). These findings indicated that low-volume TSP and CSP bounce drop jump had no effect on RSI, K-leg, CT, and JH in male rugby players. CONCLUSIONS: Set configurations, jump volume, and intensity applied in this study may be too low to change muscle-tendon complex (MTC) stiffness and produce a post-activation potentiation (PAP) effect. Further research, with larger samples, is needed to determine which set configurations, jump volume (> 20 jumps/session), and intensity (box height > 30 cm) are the best option for enhancement of RSI, K-leg, CT, and JH.