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Öğe Anatomic and Functional Outcome Following Distal Shunt and Tunneling for Treatment Ischemic Priapism: A Single-Center Experience(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2019) Ortac, Mazhar; Cevik, Gokhan; Akdere, Hakan; Ermec, Bahadir; Kadioglu, AtesBackground: Ischemic priapism (IP) is a urologic emergency that requires early intervention. The main aim of IP treatment is to relieve the cavernosal pressure and provide erectile function. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between preoperative risk factors (patient's age, duration of priapism, preoperative erectile function) and postoperative erectile dysfunction (ED). Methods: This retrospective study consisted of 25 patients diagnosed with refractory IP between 2009-2017. The diagnosis of IP was confirmed by medical history, physical examination, and cavernosal blood gas analysis. All of the patients underwent the T-shunt procedure +/- tunneling after a failed initial intervention. Results: The mean age at the time of the IP diagnosis was 46.84 years (range 23-77). The average follow-up time of the study population was 40.4 months (range 3-114), and the median time from the occurrence of IP to surgery was 58 hours (range 24-240). In all cases, rapid resolution of the erection was achieved with the T-shunt +/- tunneling procedure. In 1 patient, priapism recurred after 12 hours. Postoperative ED was reported by 16 (84.21%) patients, with degrees of mild, mild to moderate, and severe in 6, 1, and 9 of these cases, respectively. During the follow-up, the mean International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) score was 12.68 (range 5-23). Only 3 (15.78%) patients achieved successful sexual intercourse without any treatment. 6 (31.5%) patients required the aid of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, and 1 (5.26%) patient required the aid of a vacuum erection device. The 9 (47.36%) patients with severe ED failed to respond to medical treatment and were considered candidates for a penile implant. According to Kendall's tau-b correlation coefficient analysis, there was a positive correlation between the preoperative and postoperative IIEF-5 scores (P = .005), whereas the patient's age and duration of priapism were negatively correlated with the postoperative IIEF-5 score (P = .016 and P = .046, respectively). Clinical Implications: Treatment options of IP should be discussed with patients in terms of both preoperative erectile function and the duration of priapism. Strengths & Limitations: The small sample size and retrospective nature of this study were the main limitations. Conclusions: Despite high success and low complication rates of T-shunt surgery, the rate of undisturbed erectile function is only 14.6%. The patient's age, the existence of preoperative ED, and the duration of priapism are associated with postoperative IIEF-5 scores. Copyright (C) 2019, International Society for Sexual Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe The Effect of Pirfenidone on Peyronie Plaques and Erectile Function in a Peyronie's Rat Model(Coll Physicians & Surgeons Pakistan, 2023) Cevik, Gokhan; Tozsin, Atinc; Tastekin, Ebru; Dursun, Murat; Aktoz, Tevfik; Kadioglu, AtesObjective: To investigate the anti-fibrotic effects of pirfenidone on Peyronie's disease in an experimental rat model with intracavernosal injection of TGF-ss and whether pirfenidone improves erectile function. Study Design: Experimental study. Place and Duration of the Study: Faculty of Medical Experimental Animals and Research Laboratory, Trakya University, from January to March 2021. Methodology: In this study, 27 male Sprague Dawley rats were used, and three groups were randomly identified. The rats in Group 1 served as the control group. Group 2 was not treated, and Group 3 was treated with pirfenidone therapy. The rats in Group 3 were administered pirfenidone 30 mg/kg/day by oral gavage, every day for four weeks, three weeks after the start of the experiment. At the end of seven weeks, a haemodynamic study was performed with cavernosal nerve stimulation to evaluate the erectile function, the rats were sacrificed, and the penile tissues were evaluated immunohistochemically. Results: MeICP/MIBP values were found to be higher in treated rats compared to rats in the untreated group but no statistically significant difference was found in MeICP/MIBP values between the control, Peyronie model, and treatment groups (p=0.25). According to the histopathological examination, the rate of fibrosis with H&E staining was mild (100%) in the control group, severe (100%) in the Peyronie group, and severe (87.5% severe and 12.5% moderate) in the Peyronie + treatment group. Conclusion: In the study, pirfenidone used in the treatment of Peyronie's disease had a positive effect on erectile function, though not considered statistically significant. It has been shown that it has no histopathological effect on Peyronie's plaques.Öğe The Effectiveness of 3-D Computed Tomography in the Evaluation of Penile Deformities in Patients With Peyronie's Disease: A Pilot Study(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2019) Ozmez, Abdulkadir; Ortac, Mazhar; Cevik, Gokhan; Akdere, Hakan; Bakir, Baris; Kadioglu, AtesBackground: Anatomic and functional evaluation of the penis before treatment is very important in the choice of treatment in patients with Peyronie's disease (PD). Aim: To compare 3 different methods for the evaluation of the penile deformity, including auto-photography, combined intracavernous injection stimulation test (CIS), and 3-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT) during artificial penile erection in patients with PD. Methods: Pretreatment penile deformities of patients with PD were compared with those detected with autophotography, using goniometer after intracavernosal vasoactive agent, and 3D CT correlations among these 3 methods were investigated. Main Outcome Measures: Assessments of penile curvature with auto-photography, CIS, and 3D CT. Results: The mean age of 36 patients who were included in the study was 58 +/- 8.25 (36-72) years, and the mean time since the onset of the disease was 25 +/- 24 months (2-144). Degrees of penile curvatures measured using auto-photography, CIS, and CT were determined as 24 degrees (0 degrees-80 degrees), 40 degrees (0 degrees-90 degrees), and 34 degrees (0 degrees-80 degrees), respectively. When general correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the penile curvatures of all patients using 3 methods, a moderate correlation between auto-photography and both CIS (r = 0.72, P < .001) and 3D CT (r = 0.56, P < .001) was detected, whereas a strong correlation was noticed between CIS and 3D CT (r = 0.78, P < .001). When the correlation analysis between patients with and without ED was examined, a statistically significant decrease in the strength of correlation between CIS and auto-photography in patients with ED (0.629 vs 0.925, P < .05), however, was detected without any statistically significant difference in patients without ED (0.694 vs 0.813, P > .05). Conclusion: The superiority of 3D CT over auto-photography and its strong correlation with CIS in most parameters have been demonstrated. However, it was found that CT did not give more information than the evaluation with CIS. Current limitations and cost increases limit the use of 3D CT in the assessment of PD. Copyright (C) 2019, The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the International Society for Sexual Medicine.Öğe Hypergonadotropic Hypogonadism: Management of Infertility(Bentham Science Publ Ltd, 2021) Kalkanli, Arif; Akdere, Hakan; Cevik, Gokhan; Salabas, Emre; Cilesiz, Nusret Can; Kadioglu, AtesBackground: Medical treatments are used either alone or in combination with assisted reproductive techniques for the treatment of infertile patients with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. A wide range of treatment options such as gonadotropins, aromatase inhibitors (AIs), selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) and their combination are available as options. Objective: The aim of this review was to evaluate treatment options for infertile men with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. Methods: A literature search of MEDLINE (1980-2019) was conducted using the terms 'hypogonadism', 'male infertility', 'gonadotropins', 'SERMs' and 'AIs'. Pathologies leading to hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and treatment modalities such as gonadotropins, SERMs, AIs and surgical treatment were discussed. Results: FSH increases spontaneous pregnancy rates but the level of evidence was proven to be low for live birth rates. AIs are valid treatment options for patients with low T/E2 ratio as they significantly increase sperm concentrations. SERMs are recommended for infertile males with a sperm concentration between 10-20 million. Varicocele was reported to increase testosterone levels of hypogonadic infertile males. Conclusion: Medical treatment modalities such as gonadotropins, SERMs, AIs and a combination of these therapies has been showed to have some effect in improvement of fertility but is not mainstream of the treatment.Öğe Penile curvature after Peyronie's disease surgery: What are the risk factors?(Wiley, 2020) Salabas, Emre; Ozmez, Abdulkadir; Ermec, Bahadir; Cevik, Gokhan; Akdere, Hakan; Kadioglu, AtesSurgery is the golden standard for the treatment of patients with Peyronie's disease in chronic phase (12-18 months). Learning risk factors for post-surgical curvature (>20 degrees) would aid both surgeon and patient in their decision-making process. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors for residual/recurrent curvatures. The clinical data of the patients, who underwent reconstructive surgery for PD between 1997 and 2016, were retrospectively reviewed. Follow-ups were performed via physical examination, surveys and phone calls. For shortening surgery (Nesbit/plication), initial bi-planar curvature was proved to be a predictor of post-operative curvature (p = .05). Lateral and ventral curvatures were associated with higher recurrence rates in patients who underwent grafting surgery (p = .01). In terms of baseline comorbidities, only diabetes mellitus had an association with curvature nonrecurrence for both shortening and lengthening surgeries (p < .05). Grafting surgery may be suggested to patients who had bi-planar curvatures instead of Nesbit surgery. Nesbit plication surgery may be preferred for patients with lateral and ventral curvatures instead of grafting surgery. Higher cavernosal blood pressures and more nocturnal erections of nondiabetic young patients might impede plication sutures and grafts and therefore increase penile curvature recurrence.Öğe A Population-Based Study of Peyronie's Disease in Turkey: Prevalence and Related Comorbidities(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2020) Kadioglu, Ates; Dincer, Murat; Salabas, Emre; Culha, Mehmet Gokhan; Akdere, Hakan; Cilesiz, Nusret CanIntroduction: Peyronie's disease (PD) prevalence varies between 0.39% and 20% and studies on PD prevalence are limited. Aim: This study aims to determine the prevalence of PD in males aged >30 years in Turkey and to evaluate etiological factors associated with it. Methods: The study was conducted in 12 regions of Turkey according to the Eurostat Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics 1 classification and included 1,208 patients. Survey questionnaires including questions about demographic features and basic health status as well as about diagnosis and etiology of PD were put forth to the volunteers who agreed to participate in the study. Diagnosis of probable PD was established by evaluating the questionnaires. Patients with a diagnosis of congenital penile curvature were excluded from the group with PD. Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used. Main Outcome Measure: The primary outcome analyzed in this article was the prevalence rate of PD in Turkey and the associated comorbidities. Results: The prevalence of PD was determined as 5.3%. The rates of participants with PD were found to be the highest in the 50-59 years group (27%) and in the North-East Region (20%). Compared with participants without PD, participants with PD were older (median: 52 interquartile range [41-64] vs 45 [37-55]; P < .001) and the rates of smokers (73% vs 60.9%; P = .036) and those having diabetes mellitus (17.5% vs 9.2%; P = .045), hypertension (14.3% vs 6.9%; P = .041), and heart failure were higher (7.9% vs 2.5%; P = .027). Male with PD symptoms preferred their partners on top during sexual intercourse (15.2% vs 34.1%; P < .001). This is the first study to evaluate premature ejaculation prevalence and related comorbidities with face-to-face interviews. Conclusion: The prevalence of PD was 5.3% in Turkey. Besides advanced age, smoking, position of sexual intercourse, and presence of comorbidities especially diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and heart failure were the factors associated with PD prevalence. Kadioglu A, Dincer M, Salabas E, et al. A Population-Based Study of Peyronie's Disease in Turkey: Prevalence and Related Comorbidities. Sex Med 2020;8:679-685. Copyright (c) 2020, International Society for Sexual Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
