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    Determination of Snowmelt Water Quality in Outdoor Green Areas: A Case Study at Van Province (Turkey)
    (Istanbul Univ Press, Fac Aquatic Sciences, 2021) Yeler, Okan; Divrik, Menekse Tas; Elipek, Belgin Camur
    Freshwater resources are used for many purposes such as drinking, tap water, industrial usage and agricultural irrigation. Although unpolluted surface waters and groundwater are preferred for the irrigation of landscape plants in parks and gardens, snowmelt water is generally ignored. Like other precipitation types, snow can absorb solid and liquid substances in the atmosphere and it can rain on the earth with its natural chemical structure changed. Also, this water from snowmelt which includes different chemicals can enter surface waters and groundwater resources. In this study, the snowmelt water quality in outdoor green areas of the Van Province was examined. Some physico-chemical features (pH, conductivity, salinity, Ca, Mg, total hardness, Cl, NO3-N, NO2-N, SO4, and PO4) of the snow samples were taken at monthly intervals from six sampling stations between the dates of December 2019 - February 2020. Also, metal ion concentrations (Cd, Pb, As, Cu, Cr, Co, Ni, Zn, Fe, Mn, B, Se, Ba, Al, Na, Be, V, Mo, Si, K, Sr, Ag, Sb, Tl) and the values of SAR (Sodium Adsorption Ratio) and Na% in some sampling stations, which have intense industrial and settlements located in the area, were determined to evaluate the water quality level of the snowmelt water. While, it was observed that some parameters values exceeded the first quality level when compared with the quality levels of the surface water resources control regulation of Turkey and the rates in irrigation water quality values, a general evaluation of the results showed that snowmelt can be alternative irrigation water for plants. Also, the species of the landscape plants in the studied area were identified and the possible effects of the parameters on the development of the plants were discussed.
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    DETERMINING OF WATER QUALITY BY USING MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES IN A DRINKING/USING WATER RESERVOIR IN TURKEY
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2017) Elipek, Belgin Camur; Guher, Huseyin; Oterler, Burak; Divrik, Menekse Tas; Mimiroglu, Pinar Altinoluk
    l This study has been carried out to assess the water quality of a drinking/using water reservoir in Turkey by using the different multivariate statistical techniques (Bray-Curtis cluster analysis (BCCA), principle component analysis (PCA), and correspondence analysis (CA) methods). The annual dataset belonging physical and chemical features in the reservoir was obtained by the monthly intervals between the years 2010 and 2011. A total of 15 parameters (temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD5), light permeability, conductivity, salinity, chloride, pH, total hardness, Ca, Mg, NO2-N, NO3-N, o-PO4, SO4) have been monitored at three different sampling stations in the reservoir and a total of 495 observations were grouped statistically. The sampled periods have been classified into three different groups by using the BCCA. The results were supported by the PCA and CA statistical methods. Consequently, in order to determine and to evaluate for large complex datasets that belong to environmental properties, multivariate analyses are very useful techniques. Thus, the sampling periods to monitor the physicochemical including in a water resource can be determined.