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Öğe Acute radiation effect in the brain in infant rats: Neurocognitive and histopathological examination(Imprimatur Publications, 2011) Gorker, I.; Yurut-Caloglu, V.; Karadag, H.; Caloglu, M.; Altaner, S.; Cengiz, H.; Ozen, A.Purpose: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction and the radioprotective effect of amifostine (AMI) in the brain of infantile rats. Methods: Thirty 2-week-old rats were randomly assigned into 3 groups of 10 rats each. Group 1 : control (CONT), group 2: radiation alone (RT), and group 3: AMI before radiation (AMI+RT). The rats in the RT and AMI+RT groups were irradiated individually with a single dose of 20 Gy. All animals were evaluated by using the Morris water maze test to evaluate of their cognitive functions. Histopathological analyses of the hippocampus were also carried out after euthanasia. Results: The study showed that the place navigational function and the spatial probe test were not significantly different between the groups. Conclusion: It can be said that it is very important to determine when the radiation-induced brain injury is formed. From a clinical perspective, the patients can be intervened before irreversible functional deficits are formed and may be amenable to treatment.Öğe Can radiation-induced chronic oxidative stress in kidney and liver be prevented by dimethylsulfoxide? Biochemical determination by serum and tissue markers(Imprimatur Publications, 2012) Cosar, R.; Eskiocak, S.; Caloglu, V. Yurut; Ozen, A.; Uzal, C.; Caloglu, M.; Ibis, K.Purpose: To investigate the protective effects of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) on chronic oxidative stress in the liver, kidney and serum with biochemical parameters such as malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP), catalase, glutathione (GSH), and free-thiols (F-SW. Methods: Thirty Wistar albino female rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: group [(control, n=10), group H (irradiation-alone group, n=10) and group III (DMSO and irradiation group, n=10). Rats in groups II and III were irradiated with a single dose of 6 Gy to the entire liver and right kidney. Group III received DMSO 4.5 g/kg by intraperitoneal injection 30 min before irradiation. At the end of the 24th week, the rats were sacrificed and their trunk blood, kidney and liver tissues were collected. Results: Group II rats showed increased levels of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, with decreased GSH, F-SH and catalase levels in all specimens when compared with group I. Serum and kidney MDA and AOPP levels were significantly lower in group III when compared with group II. However, serum and kidney GSH and F-SH levels were significantly higher in group III when compared with group II. The additive effect on catalase was seen only in the serum. Conclusion: DMSO is a protective agent on chronic oxidative stress in the serum and kidney tissue. No oxidant or antioxidant effect of DMSO in the liver was seen.Öğe Can Radiation-Induced Chronic-Oxidative Stress in Kidney and Liver Be Prevented by Dimethyl Sulfoxide? Biochemical Determination by Serum and Tissue Markers(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2011) Cosar, R.; Eskiocak, S.; Yurut-Caloglu, V.; Ozen, A.; Uzal, C.; Caloglu, M.; Ibis, K.[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Chemotherapy and cerebrovascular disease(Zerbinis Medical Publ, 2008) Saynak, M.; Cosar-Alas, R.; Yurut-Caloglu, V.; Caloglu, M.; Kocak, Z.; Uzal, C.Cerebrovascular disease is common in cancer patients. Some tumors are at high risk for cerebrovascular complications. The development of cerebrovascular disease may be provoked by cancer treatment. No well-planned prospective studies about other causes of thrombosis are available, although various case reports about thrombosis related to chemotherapy have been published. L-asparaginase, cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and methotrexate are anticancer agents which are reported to relate to stroke. The mechanisms by which antineoplastic agents may lead to stroke include endothelium toxicity and abnormalities of coagulation factors. Also, brain hemorrhages that could result from chemotherapy effects on the hemostatic system were reported. Besides, it is difficult to determine whether stroke is caused by chemotherapy or cancer itself Clinicians deal not only with problems originating from cancer itself but also with the complications resulting from its treatment. Treatment-induced cerebrovascular disorders affect quality of life and survival in cancer patients. For this reason, cancer treatment should be planned by taking into consideration the possibility of cerebrovascular complications.Öğe Evaluation of swallowing function with clinical and dosimetric parameters in head and neck cancer patients receiving radio (chemo)therapy(Ijrr-Iranian Journal Radiation Res, 2019) Turkkan, G.; Caloglu, M.; Yurut-Caloglu, V; Karasalihoglu, A. R.; Dogan, M.; Uzal, C.Background: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between late dysphagia and dosimetric-clinical parameters in patients receiving radiotherapy for head and neck cancer (HNC). Materials and Methods: Twenty-six HNC patients treated with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy were evaluated. A total dose of 66-70 Gy in 33-35 fractions was administered for curative purposes. Six swallowing organs at risk were contoured for each patient: the superior, middle and inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscles (SPCM, MPCM and IPCM); the cervical oesophagus (CE); the base of tongue (BOT); and the larynx. The mean dose in Gray [Dmean (Gy)], maximum dose in Gray [Dmax(Gy)] and percentages of organ volumes receiving >= 50 Gy, >= 60 Gy and >= 70 Gy [V50 (%), V60 (%) and V70 (%), respectively] were calculated from the dose-volume histograms for each structure. Dysphagia was evaluated using video laryngoscopy, the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life module for HNC and the Leipzig scale. Results: Dmean, V60 and V70 for the BOT; Dmean and V60 for the SPCM; Dmean, Dmax, V60 and V70 for the IPCM; Dmean, Dmax, V60 and V70 for the larynx; and Dmean, Dmax, V50 and V70 for the CE were correlated with the presence of pharyngeal secretion. Only V50 for the CE was correlated with abnormal glottic closure. Dmean, Dmax, V60 and V70 for the BOT and the SPCM were correlated with liquid swallowing problems. Dmax for the MPCM; Dmean, Dmax, V60 and V70 for the IPCM; and Dmax, V60 and V70 for the CE were correlated with the Leipzig score. Conclusion: The dose-volume parameters of swallowing organs were found to be associated with different rates of late dysphagia in HNC patients receiving radiotherapy. The identification of dosimetric parameters that predict late dysphagia is not adequate yet. Well-designed multi-institutional studies are necessary to clarify the dose-volume constraints.Öğe Histopathological and biochemical comparisons of the protective effects of amifostine and L-carnitine against radiation-induced acute testicular toxicity in rats(Wiley, 2017) Aktoz, T.; Caloglu, M.; Yurut-Caloglu, V.; Yalcin, O.; Aydogdu, N.; Nurlu, D.; Arda, E.The aim of this study was to compare the radioprotective efficacies of amifostine (AMI) and L-carnitine (LC) against radiation-induced acute testicular damage. Thirty Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned to four groups: control (n = 6), AMI plus radiotherapy (RT) (n = 8), LC plus RT (n = 8) and RT group (n = 8). The rats were irradiated with a single dose of 20 Gy to the scrotal field. LC (300 mg/kg) and AMI (200 mg/kg) were given intraperitoneally 30 min before irradiation. The mean seminiferous tubule diameters (MSTDs) were calculated. Testicular damage was evaluated histopathologically using Johnsen's mean testicular biopsy score criteria. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione levels were measured in tissue samples. AMI plus RT and LC plus RT groups had significantly higher MSTDs than those in the RT group (p =.003 and p =.032 respectively). MDA values of both AMI plus RT and LC plus RT groups were significantly lower than those in RT group (p <.004 and p <.012 respectively). As a result, AMI and LC have a similar radioprotective effect against radiation-induced acute testicular damage, histopathologically and biochemically.Öğe The Importance of Self-Care Rehabilitation in Irradiated Head and Neck Cancer Patients(Elsevier Science Inc, 2015) Caloglu, M.; Caloglu, V. Yurut; Ozdemir, F.; Yavuz, S.[Abstract Not Available]Öğe The most important prognostic factor in elderly patients with glioblastoma multiforme: diameter of residual tumor(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2015) Turkkan, G.; Yurut-Caloglu, V.; Caloglu, M.; Uzunoglu, S.; Kilic-Durankus, N.; Cakir-Nurlu, D.[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Patterns of Care Study in Turkish Nasopharyngeal Cancer Patients (NAZOTURK): A Turkish Radiation Oncology Association Head and Neck Cancer Working Group Study(Elsevier Science Inc, 2015) Ozyar, E.; Dizman, A.; Esassolak, M.; Ikizler, A.; Yildirim, C.; Caloglu, M.; Atalar, B.[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Prognostic factors for renal cell carcinoma: Trakya University experience from Turkey(Wiley, 2010) Yurut-Caloglu, V.; Caloglu, M.; Kaplan, M.; Oz-Puyan, F.; Karagol, H.; Ibis, K.; Cosar-Alas, R.The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the prognostic factors of patients with renal cell carcinoma. The treatment results such as distant metastasis-free survival and overall survival of 59 previously untreated patients were retrospectively analysed. Median follow-up was 17.5 months (3.8-88.5 months). Overall survival was 22.4 months (3-87 months). Distant metastasis developed in 35 (59%) patients. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (P = 0.022), tumour size (P = 0.025) and lymphatic invasion (P < 0.0001) were significantly effective prognostic factors for distant metastasis-free survival on multivariate analysis. Related to overall survival, gender (P = 0.025), ECOG performance status (P = 0.027), nuclear grade (P = 0.002), tumour size (P = 0.029), T stage (P = 0.044), nodal involvement (P = 0.003), surgical margin (P = 0.046), renal sinus invasion (P < 0.0001), perineural growth (P = 0.001) and lymphatic invasion (P < 0.0001) were significant prognostic factors on univariate analysis. Gender (P = 0.008), ECOG performance status (P = 0.027), tumour size (P = 0.025) and lymphatic invasion (P < 0.0001) retained their significance on multivariate analysis. We concluded that the most important prognostic factors for patients with renal cell carcinomas are ECOG performance status, tumour size and lymphatic invasion.Öğe Prognostic factors other than the performance status and age for glioblastoma multiforme: a single-institution experience(Imprimatur Publications, 2009) Caloglu, M.; Yurut-Caloglu, V.; Karagol, H.; Bayir-Angin, G.; Turan, F. N.; Uzal, C.Purpose: To evaluate the survival of patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and analyse the prognostic Actors influencing survival. Patients and methods: Seventy-eight consecutive patients with GBM treated with radiotherapy (RT) and temozolomide (TMZ) (in 21 patients) between 1999 and 2006 were retrospectively analysed. Results: Sixty-seven (85.5%) patients had undergone gross total or subtotal resection before RT The median overall survival was 9.8 months, and significantly influenced by age (p=0.02), Karnofsky performance status (p=0.001), RT (p<0.0001), gender (p=0.02), concomitant TMZ (p=0.003), RT waiting time (p=0.014), and treatment time (p=0.01) in univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, older age (p=0.03), male gender (p=0.01), absence of concomitant TMZ (p=0.008), RT dose below 60 Gy (p=0.03), RT waiting time more than 20 days (p=0.01), and treatment time more than 76 days (p=0.0072) were poor prognosticators. Conclusion: This study emphasizes the importance of female gender, dose and duration of RT and RT waiting time in patients with glioblastoma multiforme.Öğe PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF AMIFOSTINE AND L-CARNITINE AGAINST RADIATION INDUCED ACUTE TESTICULAR TOXICITY(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2012) Caloglu, M.; Aktoz, T.; Caloglu, V. Yurut; Yalcin, O.; Aydogdu, N.; Nurlu, D.; Arda, E.[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Radiation-induced acute kidney toxicity: Protective effect of L-carnitine versus amifostine(Ijrr-Iranian Journal Radiation Res, 2015) Yurut-Caloglu, V.; Caloglu, M.; Deniz-Yalta, T.; Aktoz, T.; Nurlu, D.; Kilic-Durankus, N.; Arda, E.Background: The aim of the study was to compare the radioprotective efficacy in the kidney of L-carnitine to that of amifostine. Materials and Methods: Thirty three-month-old Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned to four groups: Group 1 (Control); Group 2 (Irradiation alone); Group 3 (amifostine plus irradiation); and Group 4 (L-carnitine before irradiation). The rats in Groups 2, 3, and 4 were irradiated individually with a single dose of 20 Gy to whole abdomen. L-carnitine (300 mg/kg) or amifostine (200 mg/kg) was administered 30 minutes before irradiation. Euthanasia was performed 5 days after irradiation, and kidneys were evaluated histopathologically. Results: Dilatation of Bowman's capsule, congestion of blood vessels, and tubular epithelial degeneration were significantly different among the groups (p < 0.05). Pretreatment with both L-carnitine and amifostine reduced the radiation-induced dilatation of Bowman's capsule (p < 0.05), congestion of blood vessels (p < 0.05), and tubular epithelial degeneration (p < 0.05). L-carnitine and amifostine were similar in protective effect. Conclusion: L-carnitine was equally effective as amifostine in protecting the kidney against acute irradiation damage.
