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    The effect of acute and chronic formaldehyde exposure on learning and memory in male and female rats
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Aydin, Didem Donmez; Taskinalp, Oguz; Ulucam, Enis; Karadag, Hakan; Ozfidan, Gulnur Kizilay; Topuz, Ruhan; Ersoy, Onur
    AimFormaldehyde is a chemical that lies behind the various systemical failures in organism. Many products that people use contain formaldehyde. Owing to its tissue fixative properties, scientists who work in life sciences are exposed to this substance more than others. Several studies have shown that formaldehyde affects the CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus, which play crucial roles in memory consolidation. In this study, we aimed to investigate anxiety levels and indicate the short and long term effects of formaldehyde and sex-related differences by exposing formaldehyde to male and female rats.Materials and MethodsFormaldehyde (10 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally for 7 days for acute exposure and 30 days for chronic exposure. Cognitive assessment was performed using fear conditioning, elevated plus maze, and Morris water maze tests. TUNEL staining was used to identify apoptosis in the brains obtained after decapitation.ResultsExposure to intraperitoneal formaldehyde does not impair learning and memory in acute and chronic periods and has no effect on depression or anxiety. After acute exposure, apoptosis was observed in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 regions in males. When the cognitive test results were examined, no differences were found between the experimental and control groups. There was also no significant difference between males and females.
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    Primary dysmenorrhea and postural control: Is it a problem only during menstruation?
    (Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2021) Keklicek, Hilal; Aydin, Nimet Sermenli; Can, Hilal Basak; Aydin, Didem Donmez; Kayatekin, Ayse Zeynep Yilmazer; Ulucam, Enis
    Background: The effects of the menstrual cycle and primary dysmenorrhea (PD) on phase-related cognitive and physical functions are controversial. This study was carried out to examine whether women with PD showed a different physical function or dual-tasking response than women without PD at times other than menstruation. Methods: Women with or without PD were recruited for the study. Individuals assessed on the first day of the menstruation and the day they reported themselves as well being (feeling good day-FGD). Zebris ? FDM Type Force Platform was used to evaluate postural stability. Individuals have were asked to perform to a 3-step balance test protocol; the first session: comfortable upright standing; the second session: standing with a motor task; the third session: standing with a cognitive task (counting backward). Correctly calculated numbers were also recorded. Results: The number of correct answers given by individuals during the cognitive dual-task was similar on the first day of menstruation and FGD (p 0,05). In the assessments performed on the first day of menstruation, there was no difference in any parameters between the groups (p 0.05). In the measurements made on FGD day with the cognitive task; there was a difference between the groups (p < 0,05). Individuals with PD had higher postural sway. Significance: This study showed that the primary dysmenorrhea is not only a problem for females during menstruation, primary dysmenorrhea causes impaired ability of the individual to perform dual-tasking and continuously affects postural stability.